Encyclopedia

America's Hardest Prisons America's Hardest Prisons is a TV Series screening on the National Geographic Channel. It bases its series around the "hardest prisons" in America including Wabash Valley Correctional Facility in Indiana.
America's Charities America's Charities is a membership-based federation of approximately 180 charities participating in workplace giving campaign administered through the federal government, state and local government, and private sector corporations.
America's Choice America's Choice was the fifth album by the American blues rock band Hot Tuna, recorded in 1974 and released the following year. The first of the "Rampage" trilogy albums ( the others being "Yellow Fever" and "Hoppkorv") recorded by the now power trio, it marked a major shift in musical direction by the group.
America's Junior Miss America's Junior Miss is a national scholarship program created to provide young high school seniors with the opportunity and support needed to succeed before, during, and after attending college. In its existence, over 700,000 young ladies participated in competitions spanning the United States, including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico.
America's Most Endangered Places Each year since 1987 the National Trust for Historic Preservation has released a list of places they consider the most endangered in America. The number of sites included on the list has varied, with the most recent lists settling on 11.
America's Most Luved Bad Guy America's Most Luved Bad Guy is the 13th album from New Orlean's rapper Master P, released in 2006. Unlike most of his former albums America's Most Luved Bad Guy received many positive reviews from music critics.
America's Most Wanted (professional wrestling) America's Most Wanted (AMW) was a professional wrestling tag team consisting of "Wildcat" Chris Harris and "Tennessee Cowboy" James Storm, who competed in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). They were managed by Gail Kim.
America's National Game America's National Game is a book by Albert Spalding, published in 1911 detailing the early history of the sport of baseball. Much of the story is told first-hand, since Spalding had been involved in the game, first as a player and later an administrator, since the 1850s.
America's Next Muppet America's Next Muppet was a six-episode mini-series, which ABC announced in 2005 it was purchasing. The mini-series was going to be produced The Jim Henson Company for Disney, and was going to be a direct parody'of'America's Next Top Model.
America's Secret War America's Secret War: Inside the Hidden Worldwide Struggle Between America and Its Enemies, a book by Stratfor founder George Friedman, is an attempt to analyze United States foreign policy in 2004; specifically, the war efforts in Afghanistan and Iraq, and the war on terror.
America's Space Prize America's Space Prize is a US$50 million orbital spaceflight competition established and funded by hotel entrepreneur Robert Bigelow. The prize will be awarded to the first US-based privately-funded team to design and build a reusable manned capsule capable of flying 5 astronauts to a Bigelow Aerospace inflatable space module.
America's Stonehenge America's Stonehenge, dubbed Mystery Hill by William Goodwin, an insurance agent who purchased the area surrounding the site in 1936,The name does not appear on the US Geological Survey. is the site of a number of large rocks and stone structures scattered around roughly 30 acres (120,000 m²) near the town of Salem, New Hampshire, in the northeast United States.
America's Talking America's Talking , a cable television channel created by NBC and spun off from CNBC, was launched on July 4, 1994. The headquarters were based in an office building in Fort Lee, NJ, 2 floors below CNBC's studios, on Fletcher Avenue.
America's Test Kitchen America's Test Kitchen is a half-hour cooking show on PBS (reruns airing on Create) in the United States, also airing in Canada. It is presented without commercial interruptions, but is preceded and followed by mentions of sponsoring companies.
America's Western Frontiers (book) America's Western Frontiers: The Exploration and Settlement of the Trans-Mississippi West is a book which chronicles the history of the American West from pre-Columbian times through the mid-twentieth century. It was written by John A.
America, America America, America (alternative title The Anatolian Smile) is a 1963 Elia Kazan film about two young men, an Armenian and a Greek, who escape from their villages in Anatolia during the Armenian Genocide of the early 1900s. Dreaming of a better life in United States, they encounter many struggles and life-changing experiences during their difficult trek to the promised land.
America: A Tribute to Heroes America: A Tribute to Heroes was a benefit concert organized by actor George Clooney and broadcast by the four major United States television networks in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center and The Pentagon. Done in the style of a telethon, it featured a number of national and international entertainers performing to raise money for the victims and their families, particularly but not limited to the New York City firefighters.
AmericaÂł AmericaÂł (pronounced "America Cubed") is a racing syndicate that vied for the America's Cup in 1992 and 1995. The program was operated by Bill Koch and sailing legend Harry "Buddy" Melges in the 1992 America's Cup.
Americal Division The Americal Division of the United States Army was formed in May 1942 on the island of New Caledonia. In the immediate emergency following Pearl Harbor, the United States had hurriedly sent three individual regiments to defend New Caledonia against a feared Japanese attack.
American (1899 automobile) The American was an American automobile manufactured by the American Automobile Company of New York City in 1899. It was a "hydro-carbon carriage" which could be started from the seat by its chain-and-sprocket gearing.
American (1916 automobile) The American was an American automobile, built in Plainfield, New Jersey, manufactured from 1910 to 1924. It was an assembled car, one of many built in its time, and it used Amco, Rutenber, and Herschell-Spillman engines.
American 5-cent Coin Design Continuity Act The American 5-cent Coin Design Continuity Act of 2003 (Public law 108-15, 31 United States Code 5101) allowed coinage of the commemmorative Westward Journey Nickel Series and mandated that Monticello be depicted on the 2006 nickel, as it had been previously.
American and Canadian football position names Part of the confusion with American Football position names is that they are based on the role the player normally has in the offense, rather than necessarily his position at the start of the play. Tight Ends, for instance, usually line up to the outside of one of the offensive tackles.
American Academy The American Academy in Berlin is a non-partisan academic institution in Berlin. It was founded in September 1994 by a group of prominent Americans and Germans, among them Richard Holbrooke, Henry Kissinger, Richard von Weizsäcker, Fritz Stern and Otto Graf Lambsdorff and opened in 1998.
American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters The American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters was formed in 1976 from the merger of the National Institute of Arts and Letters, which was founded in 1898, and the American Academy of Arts and Letters, which was founded in 1904. Another change occurred in 1992.
American Academy of Actuaries The The American Academy of Actuaries, also known as the “Academy” or the AAA, is the body that represents and unites United States actuaries in all practice areas. Established in 1965, the Academy serves as the profession’s voice on public policy and professionalism issues.
American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (AAAAI) is the largest medical specialty organization in the United States. It deals with issues of allergy at all levels, including asthma and immunology.
American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine The American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine (A4M) is a charitable 501(c)(3) medical society dedicated to the advancement of technology to detect, prevent, and treat aging related disease and to promote research into methods to retard and optimize the human aging process. The A4M has established anti-aging medicine as a specialty.
American Academy of Art 'American Academy of Art located in downtown Chicago, Illinois has been educating professional artists in both the commercial and fine art fields since 1923. Beginning with a solid foundation of drawing and design, based on the classical academic tradition, our dedicated and distinguished faculty is committed to providing our students with artistic skills and knowledge of contemporary tools and techniques that will enable them to build a successful career.
American Academy of Arts The American Academy of Arts is an independent, non-profit film school located in Escondido, CA. It specializes in visual and digital media arts education and is staffed by working Hollywood and independent film professionals.
American Academy of Cardiovascular Perfusion The "American Academy of Cardiovascular Perfusion" is a professional association which lists as its purpose ".. to encourage and stimulate investigation and study which will increase the knowledge of cardiovascular perfusion, to correlate and disseminate such knowledge.
American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry The American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry (AACD) is an organization of professionals in the area of cosmetic dentistry. Founded in 1984 and located in Madison, Wisconsin, it currently has more than 7,000 members.
American Academy of Dramatic Arts The American Academy of Dramatic Arts (AADA) is a prestigious fully accredited two-year conservatory with campuses located at 120 Madison Avenue in New York City (in a landmark building designed by famed architect Stanford White as the original Colony Club) and 1336 North La Brea Avenue in Hollywood (in a new building on the site of the former Charlie Chaplin studios).
American Academy of Family Physicians The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) was founded in 1947 to promote the science and art of family medicine. It is one of the largest medical organizations in the world with more than 94,000 members.
American Academy of Financial Management The American Academy of Financial Management, or AAFM as it is known, is a professional association dedicated to the finance sector and finance professionals. It has membership in over 140 countries with training centers and key offices in: Hong Kong, USA, Singapore, Dubai, Beijing PRC, Mexico, and more.
American Academy of Neurology The American Academy of Neurology (AAN) is a professional society for neurologists and neuroscientist. As a medical specialty society it was established in 1949 to advance the art and science of neurology, and thereby promote the best possible care for patients with neurological disorders.
American Academy of Otolaryngology The American Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, originally started in the 1924, is the world's largest organization of over 13,000 specialist related to the area of ears, nose, and throat.About the AAO
American Accrediting Association of Theological Institutions American Accrediting Association of Theological Institutions, (AAATI), is an unrecognized accreditation group based in Rocky Mount, North Carolina. It was created in the late 1980s and the composition of the board is unknown.
American Action Market The American Action Market is a prediction market project originated by Tad Hirsch of the MIT Media Lab, as a replacement for the cancelled Policy Analysis Market originally proposed as part of the US Total Information Awareness program. It would permit for-profit betting on major political events.
American Adventure The American Adventure was a theme park located in the East Midlands area of England; quite close to both Nottingham and Derby on the edge of a small town called Ilkeston in the county of Derbyshire. The park for many years had a number of large white-knuckle attractions, but in 2005 was re-themed as a 'family' park aimed at the under-14 market.
American Aging Association The American Aging Association (AGE) is a non-profit, tax-exempt biogerontology organization of scientists and laypeople dedicated to biomedical aging studies intended to slow the aging process. The abbreviation AGE is intended to be representative of the organization, even though it is not an acronym.
American Agriculture Movement The American Agriculture Movement is an organization consisting primarily of small American farmers, and was formed in 1977 in Springfield, Colorado by a group of farmers. The farmers attempted to organize a strike in which farmers would no longer buy or sell anything.
American Airlines Flight 1572 American Airlines Flight 1572, registration N566AA, was a McDonnell Douglas MD-83 en route from Chicago O'Hare to Hartford's Bradley International Airport on November 12, 1995. The flight departed O'Hare over 90 minutes late due to bad weather and delayed connecting passengers.
American Airlines Flight 444 American Airlines Flight 444 was a Boeing 727 flying from Chicago to Washington DC, which on November 15, 1979 was attacked by the Unabomber. The bomb planted in the cargo hold gave off large quantities of smoke, and twelve passengers had to be treated afterwards for smoke inhalation, but failed to detonate.
American Airlines Flight 63 American Airlines Flight 63 is a Boeing 767 flight from Charles De Gaulle International Airport in Paris, France to Miami International Airport in Miami, Florida, United States. A failed bombing attempt occurred on this flight on December 22, 2001.
American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance The American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD), previously known as the Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation, is an organization proving support to professionals specializing in any activity which promotes a healthy lifestyle.
American Alliance for Medical Cannabis The American Alliance for Medical Cannabis, or AAMC, is a pro-medical cannabis organization whose goals include patient advocacy, patient rights, and support. The organization consists of health professionals, patients, educators, clergy, caregivers, and community members.
American Alpine Club The American Alpine Club, or AAC, was founded in 1902 by Charles Ernest Fay, and is the leading national organization in the United States devoted to mountaineering, climbing, and the multitude of issues facing climbers. With an emphasis on adventure, scientific research and education, the Club is dedicated to:
American Amputee Hockey Association The American Amputee Hockey Association (AAHA) is a non-profit sports organization founded in 2000 to develop opportunities for amputee and other disabled athletes to learn and play competitive hockey. The AAHA is a member of the Disabled Hockey Section of USA Hockey and is working to promote a fun and safe environment for the growth of hockey in the United States and to lead the international effor to make Standing (Amputee) Hockey a Winter Paralympic Sport.
American Angler American Angler is a magazine dedicated to the subject of fly fishing, with an emphasis on cold water fisheries, published six times a year. It bills itself as a "how to, where to" magazine focusing on technical fly-fishing informational articles and explorations of new fishing locations.
American Anglican Council The American Anglican Council is a conservative organization within the Episcopal Church in the United States which supports changes in the Church, particularly the reversal of recent decisions concerning homosexuality. It was incorporated in 1996 and is one of several key organizations in the movement for Anglican realignment.
American Anime Awards The American Anime Awards are a series of awards designed to recognize excellence in the release of anime and manga in North America. The awards are being hosted by New York Comic Con and the balloting is being supervised by Milton Griepp of industry website ICv2.
American Anthropologist The American Anthropologist is the flagship journal of the American Anthropological Association. It is known for publishing a wide range of work in anthropology, including articles on cultural, biological and linguistic anthropology and archeology.
American Anti-Slavery Group The American Anti-Slavery Group (AASG) is a coalition of abolitionist organizations engaged in political activism to abolish slavery in the world today. It raises awareness of contemporary slavery, particularly among the chattel slaves of Mauritania and Sudan, raises funds to support relief and aid to enslaved populations and escaped former slaves, and lobbies government officials for such purposes.
American Anti-Slavery Society The American Anti-Slavery Society (1833-1870) was an abolitionist society founded by William Lloyd Garrison and Arthur Tappan. Frederick Douglass was a key leader of the society and often spoke at its meetings.
American Antiquarian Society The American Antiquarian Society (AAS), located in Worcester, Massachusetts, is both a learned society and national research library of pre-twentieth century American History and culture. Its mission has been to collect, preserve and make available for study all printed records of what is now known as the United States of America, from first European settlement through the year 1876.
American Antiquity The professional journal American Antiquity is published by the Society for American Archaeology, the largest organization of professional archaeologists of the Americas in the world. The journal is considered to be the flagship professional journal of American archaeology.
American Arbitration Association The American Arbitration Association (AAA) is one of several arbitration organizations that administers arbitration proceedings. The AAA also administers mediation and other forms of alternative dispute resolution.
American Artists School The American Artists School was a progressive independent art school in New York City associated with socialism and the American Radical movement. The school was founded in 1936 and its founders and board of directors included members and former members of the John Reed Club such as William Gropper as well as contributors to the New Masses and the Daily Worker and notable artists such as Margaret Bourke-White.
American Association (20th century) The American Association was a minor baseball league at the Class AAA (Triple-A) level of baseball in the United States from 1902 to 1962 and 1969 to 1997. Together with the International League, it contested the Junior World Series which determined the best team in minor league baseball.
American Association for Artificial Intelligence The American Association for Artificial Intelligence or AAAI is a North American organization dedicated to advancing understanding of artificial intelligence (AI). The AAAI seeks to expand both the technical, scientific understanding of AI as well as the public understanding of AI as a science.
American Association for Australian Literary Studies The American Association for Australian Literary Studies (AAALS) is an organization of scholars headquartered in North America that studies and promotes research in the literature of Australia. Its activities are partially funded by the Literature Fund of the Australia Council for the Arts.
American Association for Cancer Research The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) is an organization based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that focuses on all aspects of cancer research including basic, clinical and translational research into the etiology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. Founded in 1907 by eleven physicians and scientists, the organization now has over 24,000 members, approximately a third of which are outside the United States.
American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) is a academic association of pediatric ophthalmologists & strabismus surgeons. The pediatric ophthalmology fellowships in the United States are accredited by the AAPOS.
American Association for Public Opinion Research The American Association for Public Opinion Research (AAPOR) is an organization of approximately 1900 survey research professionals from academia, non-profit organizations, polling firms, and government. The membership's professional qualifications are diverse, including research methodologists, statisticians, political scientists, sociologists, public health researchers, and other social scientists.
American Association for the Abolition of Involuntary Mental Hospitalization The American Association for the Abolition of Involuntary Mental Hospitalization (AAAIMH) was an organization founded in 1970 by Dr. Thomas Szasz, George Alexander, and Erving Goffman for the purpose of abolishing involuntary psychiatric intervention, particularly involuntary commitment, against individuals.
American Association for the Advancement of Science The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is an organization that promotes cooperation between scientists, defends scientific freedom, encourages scientific responsibility and supports scientific education for the betterment of all humanity. It is the world's largest general scientific society.
American Association for Women Radiologists The American Association for Women Radiologists (or AAWR) is a professional association founded in 1981 as a resource for "professional socialization" for women in a male-dominated field of radiology.
American Association of Cereal Chemists The American Association of Cereal Chemists (AACC), now AACC International since 2005 is a non-profit professional organization involved in the science of cereal or grain. Founded in 1916, they are headquartered in St.
American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine The American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine (AACOM) is central to osteopathic medical education in the United States. Though osteopathic medical schools are accredited through the American Osteopathic Association (AOA), the AACOM plays an important regulatory and administrative role for its member schools.
American Association of Colleges of Podiatric Medicine American Association of Colleges of Podiatric Medicine (AACPM) is the collective union for the eight colleges of podiatric medicine in the United States and the more than 200 hospitals and institutions that offer postdoctoral training in podiatric medicine. Based in Rockville, Maryland, the AACPM serves as a forum and association for the promotion and betterment of podiatric medical education in the U.
American Association of Community Theatre The American Association of Community Theatre (also known as AACT) is a nonprofit corporation founded in 1986 to be the voice of community theater in the United States. Located in Lago Vista, Texas, the AACT represents over 7,000 theaters and 1 million volunteers.
American Association of Endodontists The American Association of Endodontists, or AAE, is an American professional association of endodontists founded in Chicago in 1943. 95% of American endodontists are members, and the AAE also welcomes members from other countries.
American Association of Christian Schools The American Association of Christian Schools (AACS) is a organization that unifies individual Christian schools and statewide Christian school associations across the country for the purpose of accreditation, competition, and group benefits.
American Association of Law Libraries The American Association of Law Libraries "is a nonprofit educational organization with over 5,000 members nationwide. AALL's mission is to promote and enhance the value of law libraries to the legal and public communities, to foster the profession of law librarianship, and to provide leadership in the field of legal information and information policy.
American Association of Lutheran Churches The American Association of Lutheran Churches (TAALC, also known as The AALC) was formed on November 7, 1987 as an alternative choice for churches in The American Lutheran Church denomination who did not want to be part of the merger with two other Lutheran church bodies which formed the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. The AALC offices are located in Bloomington, Minnesota.
American Association of Museums The American Association of Museums (AAM) is a non-profit association that has been bringing museums together since its founding in 1906, helping to develop standards and best practices, gathering and sharing knowledge, and providing advocacy on issues of concern to the entire museum community. AAM is dedicated to ensuring that museums remain a vital part of the American landscape, connecting people with the greatest achievements of the human experience, past, present and future.
American Association of Petroleum Geologists The American Association of Petroleum Geologists (or AAPG) is currently the world's largest professional geological society with over 30,000 members as of 2004. The AAPG works to advance the science of geology (especially in regard to exploration for and production of petroleum), to promote technology, and to inspire high professional conduct.
American Association of Physics Teachers The American Association of Physics Teachers was founded in 1930 for the purpose of "dissemination of knowledge of physics, particularly by way of teaching." There are over 10,000 members that reside in over 30 countries.
American Association of Political Consultants The American Association of Political Consultants is the trade group of the political consulting profession in the United States. Its membership has skyrocketed as the profession of political consulting has grown to include races at the local level across the country.
American Association of State Colleges and Universities The American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) is an organization of state-supported colleges and universities that offer degree programs leading to bachelor's, master's or doctoral degrees. AASCU grew out of the Association of Teacher Education Institutions that had been organized in 1951 to serve public comprehensive institutions most of them having begun as single purpose institutions, most of them normal schools.
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials AASHTO, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, is a standards setting body which publishes specifications, test protocols and guidelines which are used in highway design and construction throughout the United States. Despite its name, the association represents not only highways but air, rail, water, and public transportation as well.
American Association of University Professors The American Association of University Professors (AAUP) is an organization of professors and other academics in the United States. Its stated mission is to advance academic freedom and shared governance, to define fundamental professional values and standards for higher education, and to ensure higher education's contribution to the common good.
American Association of University Women The American Association of University Women (AAUW) is an organization championing women's rights and equity in education in the USA. The AAUW was founded in 1881 as the Association of Collegiate Alumnae, taking its present name in 1921 after merging with the Southern Association of College Women.
American Association of Variable Star Observers Since its founding in 1911, the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) has coordinated, collected, evaluated, analyzed, published, and archived variable star observations made largely by amateur astronomers and makes the records available to professional astronomers, researchers, and educators. These records establish light curves depicting the variation in brightness of a star over time.
American Association on Mental Retardation The American Association on Mental Retardation (AAMR) is an American non-profit professional organization that advocates on behalf of those with mental retardation. AAMR has members in the United States and 55 other countries.
American Astronautical Society Formed in 1954, the American Astronautical Society (AAS) is the premier independent scientific and technical group in the United States exclusively dedicated to the advancement of space science and exploration. AAS strongly supports NASA's Vision for Space Exploration, and are members of the Coalition for Space Exploration and the Space Exploration Alliance.
American Astronomical Society The American Astronomical Society (AAS, sometimes pronounced "double-A-S") is a US society of professional astronomers and other interested individuals, headquartered in Washington, DC. The main aim of the AAS is to further the science of astronomy and closely related fields of science.
American Austin The American Austin was a United States version of the Austin Seven automobile manufactured by the American Austin Car Company from 1930 to 1937. The automobile was designed in the hopes of creating a market for small-car enthusiasts in the United States.
American Austin Car Company The American Austin Car Company was a United States automobile manufacturing corporation tied to the British Austin Motor Company. The company was founded in 1929, and produced motorcars from 1930 through 1934, when it filed for bankruptcy.
American Automobile Association AAA (read triple-A), also known by its historic name of the American Automobile Association, is an American not-for-profit automobile lobby group and service organization that provides its members with many member benefits and services including but not limited to Nationwide Emergency Road Side Assistance, Insurance Coverage and Travel Information/Reservations.
American Aviation American Aviation Corporation was an aircraft manufacturer based in Cleveland, Ohio. It was established by Jim Bede under the name of Bede Aircraft in the mid-1960s to manufacture and market the Bede BD-1 two seat light aircraft.
American Ballet American Ballet was the first professional ballet company George Balanchine created in the United States. The company was founded with the help of Lincoln Kirstein, and was populated by students of Kirstein and Balanchine's School of American Ballet.
American Balloon American Balloon is a professional wrestler, affiliated with the New Japan Pro Wrestling LA Dojo and Dramatic Dream Team(DDT) best known for his huge breasts and his ability to perform moves that require prodigious agility, such as the Moonsault. He was born in Ghent, East Flanders, Belgium
American Bando Association The American Bando Association (or ABA) is a martial arts organization established by Maung Gyi in 1966, in Athens, Ohio. The organization is a private, non-profit group for promoting cross cultural exchange of martial arts and martial sports in the United states.
American Bandstand American Bandstand was a long-running dance music television show that aired in various versions from 1952 to 1989. It is known not only for the emerging performers that it promoted (from Jerry Lee Lewis to Run DMC) but the many dance styles it featured through the decades.
American Bank Center The American Bank Center is a Convention Center and 8,156-seat multi-purpose arena in Corpus Christi, Texas. The American Bank Center is a renovated and expanded version of the city's old Bayfront Convention Center.
American Banker American Banker is a daily newspaper covering the financial services industry. Founded in 1835 and based in New York, American Banker's 70 reporters and editors in six cities monitor developments and breaking news affecting banks.
American Bankers Association The American Bankers Association (ABA) is a free-trade and professional association that promotes and advocates issues important to the banking industry in the United States. The ABA's national headquarters are in Washington DC.
American Bankruptcy Institute The American Bankruptcy Institute is the largest multi-disciplinary, non-partisan organization dedicated to research and education on matters related to insolvency. ABI was founded in 1982 to provide Congress and the public with unbiased analysis of bankruptcy issues.

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