Encyclopedia

Bloc populaire canadien The Bloc populaire canadien was a political party in the Canadian province of Quebec founded on September 8, 1942 by opponents of conscription during World War II. In the April 27, 1942 national referendum held in Canada, a little more than 70% of Quebec voters refused to free the federal government from its promise to avoid a general mobilization, while about 80 per cent of the citizens of the rest of Canada accepted it.
Bloc pot The Bloc Pot is a provincial political party in Quebec, Canada that is dedicated to ending cannabis prohibition. It has contested two provincial elections but it has failed to win any seats in the National Assembly of Quebec.
Bloc Québécois The Bloc Québécois is a centre-left federal political party in Canada that is devoted to the promotion of sovereignty for Quebec. It also holds the goal of the "defence of the interests of all Quebecers in Ottawa" (notably by promoting, in the federal parliament, the consensus of the National Assembly of Quebec).
Bloc Québécois leadership elections Lucien Bouchard, the first leader of the Bloc Québécois was elected by acclamation by the MPs who formed the Bloc in 1990. When the party held its first convention in April 1995 his leadership was ratified by the delegates.
Bloc voting Bloc voting (or block voting) refers to a class of voting systems which can be used to elect several representatives from a single multimember constituency. There are several variations of bloc voting depending on the ballot type used, however they all produce similar results.
Block (basketball) In basketball, a block (short for blocked shot) occurs when a defensive player legally deflects a shot from an offensive player. The defender must not touch the offensive player's hands or otherwise a foul is called.
Block (meteorology) Blocks in meteorology are large scale patterns in the atmospheric pressure field that are nearly stationary, effectively "blocking" or redirecting migratory cyclones. They are also known as blocking highs or blocking anticyclones.
Block and tackle A block and tackle"Tackle is pronounced "take-el" with a long "a". The source for this is said to be the Royal Navy is a system of two or more pulleys with a rope or cable threaded between them, usually used to lift or pull heavy loads.
Block cellular automaton A block cellular automaton is a special kind of cellular automaton (CA) in which the lattice of cells is divided into non-overlapping blocks, and each block is evolved independently according to some rule that maps the states of the cells in the block at time t-1 to their new states at time t. To allow information to propagate across block boundaries, different partitioning schemes are alternated, so that cells that were separated by a block boundary at time t may end up in the same block at time t+1.
Block cipher In cryptography, a block cipher is a symmetric key cipher which operates on fixed-length groups of bits, termed blocks, with an unvarying transformation. When encrypting, a block cipher might take a (for example) 128-bit block of plaintext as input, and output a corresponding 128-bit block of ciphertext.
Block cipher modes of operation In cryptography, a block cipher operates on blocks of fixed length, often 64 or 128 bits. Because messages may be of any length, and because encrypting the same plaintext under the same key always produces the same output (as described in the ECB section below), several modes of operation have been invented which allow block ciphers to provide confidentiality for messages of arbitrary length.
Block code In computer science, a block code is a type of channel coding. It adds redundancy to a message so that, at the receiver, one can decode with minimal (theoretically zero) errors, provided that the information rate (amount of transported information in bits per sec) would not exceed the channel capacity.
Block Communications Block Communications (also known as Blade Communications) is a privately held holding company of various assets, mainly in the print and broadcast media, based in Toledo, Ohio. The company was founded in 1900 in New York City when Paul Block, a German immigrant who came to the United States fifteen years prior, formed an ad representation firm for newspapers.
Block design test Block design is a subtest on many intelligence tests that tests visospatial and motor skills. The testee is required to take blocks that have all white sides, all red sides, and red and white sides and arrange them according to a pattern.
Block dump A Block Dump is a small image that contains the sectors saved into it that were read off the original disc during the making of that certain block dump. It has many benefits; for one, if you are using a certain emulator to play games and you encounter a problem, instead of sending the whole image to the developers to see what caused that problem, you can just make a block dump of that image.
Block D Block D (Блок Д in Russian) is upper stage of rockets used by USSR/Russia. The stage (and its derivatives) has been included in more than 250 launched rockets as of 2005 was developed as fifth stage ('Д' is the fifth letter in the cyrillic alphabet) for the cancelled USSR Soviet Moonshot] mission programme in 1963-1964 (part of L3 manned lunar expeditionary complex).
Block error A block error is a common type of error in certain types of digital television transmission, particularly those that use image compression. Its presence in a television image is a telltale sign that 1) the signal is broadcast digitally, as this type of error can not occur in analog transmission, and 2) that there is a significant amount of noise, as digital television is designed to tolerate a certain amount of interference.
Block E Block E is the name of a block on Hennepin Avenue that is also bordered by Seventh Street, First Avenue North, And Sixth Street. It is considered part of the Downtown West, Minneapolis neighborhood in Minneapolis, but the block is more of a gateway between that neighborhood and the North Loop or Warehouse District.
Block heater A block heater or headbolt heater is an electric heater that heats the engine of a car to ease starting in cold weather. They are connected to normal AC power overnight or before driving, via regular power plugs that are fed through a vehicle's grille.
Block House The Block House is a house in Claymont, Delaware that was originally designed for defense against local Indians. It was constructed in 1654 by John Risingh, Governor of the Colony of New Sweden and was taken by the Dutch in 1655 under Peter Stuyvesant.
Block Island Sound Block Island Sound is a strait in the open Atlantic, approximately ten miles wide, separating Block Island from the coast of Rhode Island in the United States. Geographically, it is the eastward extension of Long Island Sound, as well as the westward extension of Rhode Island Sound.
Block Island Southeast Light Block Island Southeast Light is a lighthouse located on the southeast side of Block Island, in the state of Rhode Island. This United States light is considered one of the most important stations in New England, as it signals sea traffic coming from the Atlantic Ocean into the waters of Block Island and Long Island Sound.
Block kuzushi Block kuzushi (ブロック崩し burokkukuzushi, literally block destruction) is the name given in Japan to the genre of computer and video games in which blocks are destroyed by a bouncing ball, and the player controls a paddle at the bottom of the screen to keep the ball in play. The first example of such a game was Breakout, although Arkanoid is arguably more popular.
Block LU decomposition In linear algebra, a Block LU decomposition is a decomposition of a block matrix into a lower block triangular matrix L and an upper block triangular matrix U. This decomposition is used in numerical analysis to reduce the complexity of the block matrix formula.
Block matrix In the mathematical discipline of matrix theory, a block matrix or a partitioned matrix is a partition of a matrix into rectangular smaller matrices called blocks. Looking at it another way, the matrix is written in terms of smaller matrices written side-by-side.
Block matrix pseudoinverse Block matrix pseudoinverse is a formula of pseudoinverse of a partitioned matrix. This is useful for decomposing or approximating many algorithms updating parameters in signal processing, which are based on least squares method.
Block party A block party is a large public celebration in which many members of a single neighborhood congregate to observe an event of some importance. Many times, there will be celebration in the form of playing music and dance.
Block plane A block plane is a small woodworking hand plane which typically has the iron bedded at a lower angle than other planes, with the bevel up. It is designed to cut end grain and is typically small enough to be used with one hand.
Block Parent Program The Block Parent Program is a large, volunteer-based, child safety & crime prevention program operating across Canada. Participants in the program (Block Parents) place signs on their homes indicating that the house is a police-screened, safe home for community members in distress, particularly children.
Block Place, Melbourne Block Place is a street in Melbourne, Victoria. It is a short, narrow partially covered laneway, running south from Little Collins Street between Swanston Street and Elizabeth Street in the central business district of Melbourne.
Block quote The block quote, also known as an extract, is a method of formatting a direct quotation within a written document in which the quoted material is visually differentiated from the surrounding material through the use of indentation. Generally speaking, a block quote is used when cited text is four or more lines in length.
Block scheduling Block scheduling is a type of academic scheduling in which each student has fewer classes per day for a longer period of time. This is intended to result in more time for teaching due to less time wasted due to class switching and preparation.
Block statue (Egyptian) The Block statue (Egyptian) is a type of Memorial statue created because of the easy functions of it that follow. It is a memorializing statue, and ranges from ornate and detailed, to more course, and simpler, for the least famous individuals, or individuals with lesser resources at hand.
Block storage Block storage refers to the direct access to random disk blocks in computer disk storage. Block storage is normally abstracted by a file system or database management system for use by applications and end users.
Block time Block time is one way of approaching the problem of the nature of time, that follows from the view that time is modelled as a dimension (a view universally accepted by physicists since the time of Galileo and Isaac Newton). Its name is derived from its description of space-time as an unchanging four-dimensional "block"Physics does not consider the universe to be block-shaped, though it does consider time a true dimension, and does consider the universe to have a many-dimensional "shape".
Block Truncation Coding Block Truncation Coding, or BTC, is a type of lossy image compression technique for grayscale images. It divides the original images into small sub-images and then using a quantizer, which adapts itself according to the image statistics, to reduce the number of gray levels in the image.
Block wargame A block wargame is a board wargame that represents military units using wooden "blocks" instead of cardboard counters. These blocks are typically square and are generally thick enough that they can be placed on their side with the front facing the owning player.
Block-heads The Block-heads are from centre parcs USA clay animated characters in the Gumby television series, created by animator Art Clokey; they are a pair of humanoid, orange-colored figures, who were Gumby's nemeses. As their name indicates, their heads are block-shaped and marked either with the letter "G" or "J"; they are silent and wreaked mischief and havoc wherever and whenever they could.
Block-Heads Block-Heads is a 1938 comedy film starring Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy, produced by Hal Roach Studios for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The film, a reworking of elements from the Laurel and Hardy shorts We Faw Down (1928) and Unaccustomed As We Are (1929), was Roach's final film for MGM, and is remembered as one of Laurel and Hardy's most successful films.
Blockade A blockade is any effort to prevent supplies, troops, information or aid from reaching an opposing force. Blockades are the cornerstone to nearly all military campaigns and the tool of choice for economic warfare on an opposing nation.
Blockade of Africa In 1807 Britain outlawed the slave trade, making it illegal for British ships to transport slaves. The British Navy immediately established a presence off Africa in order to enforce the ban, called the West Africa Squadron.
Blockade runner A blockade runner is a ship designed to provide vital supplies to countries or areas blockaded by enemy forces during wartime. Notable users of blockade runners include the Confederate States of America and Nazi Germany.
Blockade Runner Badge Blockade Runner Badge or the Badge for Blockade Runners (German: Abzeichen fĂĽr Blockadebrecher) is a German military decoration awarded for service on warships or merchant vessels (also allied) that attempted to breakthrough the British sea blockade of Germany. Instituted on April 1, 1941, first awarded on July 1 of the same year.
Blockbuster (entertainment) Blockbuster, as applied to film or theater, is a very popular and/or momentarily successful production. The term was originally derived from theater slang referring to a particularly successful play; in film industry parlance it has come to refer to a film that earns an amount of revenue exceeding some threshold.
Blockbuster bomb Blockbuster was the name given to several of the largest conventional bombs used in World War II by the Royal Air Force (RAF). The term Blockbuster was originally a name coined by the press and referred to a bomb which had enough explosive power to destroy a city block.
Blockbuster drug A blockbuster drug is a drug generating more than $1 billion of revenue for its owner each year. The search for blockbusters has been the foundation of the R&D strategy adopted by big pharmaceutical companies, but this looks set to change.
Blockbusting Blockbusting is a practice used mostly by real estate agents. The agent convinces white people to sell their houses at low prices by telling them that people of color are moving into their neighborhood, exploiting their fear of lowered property values.
Blocker corporation A "blocker" corporation is a C Corporation that can be used to protect tax exempt individuals. In private equity or with hedge funds in particular, a problem can arise when a fund contains foreign or tax exempt investors, who are not subject to US tax.
Blockhead Blockhead is the name of a theoretical computer system invented as part of a thought experiment by philosopher Ned Block, which appeared in a paper entitled Psychologism and Behaviourism. In this paper, Block argues that the internal mechanism of a system was important in determining whether that system was intelligent, and also to show that a non-intelligent system could pass the Turing Test.
Blockhead (music) Anthony "Tony" Simon, better known by his stage name Blockhead, is an American producer and DJ, mainly of Hip hop music. Aside from the solo efforts he released on the Ninja Tune label, he has worked with Aesop Rock, including nine tracks on Labor Days and eleven on Float.
Blockhouse In military science, a blockhouse is a small, isolated fort in the form of a single building. It is intended to serve as a defensive strongpoint against any enemy which does not possess siege equipment or, in modern times, artillery.
Blockhouse Bay, New Zealand Blockhouse Bay is a residential suburb of Auckland, in New Zealand's North Island. It is sited on the northern coast of the Manukau Harbour, and is also close to the administrative boundary between the cities of Auckland and Waitakere, two of the four cities of the Auckland conurbation.
Blocking (animation) In animation, more commonly in 3D computer animation, blocking refers to the creation of key poses to establish timing and placement of characters and props in a given scene or shot. Blocking is commonly the first step in the pose-to-pose style of animating, as opposed to the straight-ahead style of animation (though blocking sometimes plays a role in straight-ahead as well.
Blocking (American football) In American football, blocking is a legal move occurring when one player obstructs another player's path with his body. The purpose of blocking is typically to clear a path for the ball carrier, or to protect the quarterback.
Blocking (construction) In construction blocking refers to pieces of wood or other material that run between wall studs in order to provide support and attachment sites for mounted hardware such as cabinets, shelving, or bathroom towel bars.
Blocking (improv) Blocking or denial is a term used in theatrical improvisation (or improv) and theatre sports to designate an actor who does not accept the dramatic world set up by other actors and declines 'offers' made by an actor to come into that dramatic imaginary world.
Blocking (statistics) In the statistical theory of the design of experiments, blocking is the arranging of experimental units in groups (blocks) which are similar to one another. For example, an experiment is designed to test a new drug on patients.
Blocking factor Blocking factor is most commonly used in reference to technology access methods where a higher number of inputs are directed and re-directed to a smaller number of outputs. It is the ratio of Inputs to Outputs that determines the actual blocking factor.
Blocking of Wikipedia in mainland China The blocking of Wikipedia in mainland China is the denial of access to Wikipedia and other Wikimedia sites resulting from Internet censorship by the government of the People's Republic of China and Internet service providers located in mainland China.
Blocking oscillator A blocking oscillator is the minimal configuration of discrete electronic components which can produce a free-running signal, requiring only a capacitor, transformer, and one amplifying component. The name is derived from the fact that the transistor (or tube) is cut-off or "blocked" for most of the duty-cycle, producing periodic pulses.
Blockland Blockland is a non-competitive, multiplayer, freeware computer game built on the Torque Game Engine in which you build with interconnecting LEGO-type bricks to construct anything you desire in a virtual online world. Users construct massive buildings and LEGO artworks across numerous servers and then systematically destroy and rebuild them again.
Blockleiter A Blockleiter (block leader) was the lowest official of the NSDAP, responsible for the political supervision of a neighbourhood or city block and formed the link between the NSDAP and the general population. Also colloquially known as a Blockwart (block attendant or warden), he was charged with planning, spreading propaganda and developing an acceptance to the policies of the NSDAP among the households (typically 40 to 60) in his area.
Blockley Township, Pennsylvania Blockley Township is a defunct township that was located in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. The township ceased to exist and was incorporated into the City of Philadelphia following the passage of the Act of Consolidation, 1854.
Blocks Club with Bumpy Trot is a PlayStation 2 puzzle game by Irem Software Engineering. It is based on the board game of the same name (which in turn is based on the game Blokus) and features characters from Steambot Chronicles (known in Japan as Bumpy Trot).
Blodeuedd In Welsh mythology Blodeuedd, meaning "flower face" or blossoms, was created by Math and Gwydion (from flowers) as a wife for Lleu Llaw Gyffes, but also took Gronw Pebyr as a lover. Out of love for her, Gronw attempted to kill her husband, but instead died by the hand of Lleu.
Blodgett Canyon Blodgett Canyon is located in southwestern Montana in the northwestern United States. It is just one of more than two dozen scenic canyons deeply carved into the eastern flanks of the Bitterroot Range in Bitterroot National Forest.
Blodpalt Blodpalt is an old-fashioned Swedish dish not likely to be eaten very often in modern times. The dish's history goes back to a time when the peasants carefully made use of all parts of the animals to get enough food.
Bloed, Bodem, Eer en Trouw Bloed, Bodem, Eer en Trouw (BBET; "Blood, Soil, Honour and Loyalty") is a Flemish neo-Nazi group, created in 2004 from a splinter of the Flemish branch of the international Nazi skinhead organization Blood & Honour.
Bloede dam The Bloede Dam is an inactive hydroelectric dam on the Patapsco River in Maryland, just west of Elkridge. The dam, built in 1907, was the first in the world designed with the generators and turbines underwater, inside the dam itself.
Bloedel Floral Conservatory The Bloedel Floral Conservatory in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, is a conservatory and aviary located at the top of Queen Elizabeth Park. Located 500 feet above sea level, the conservatory itself is 140 feet in diameter, 70 feet high.
Bloedel Reserve The Bloedel Reserve is a 150-acre forest garden on Bainbridge Island, Washington, USA, made by the vice-chairman of a lumber company, under the influence of the conservation movement and oriental philosophy. Mr.
Bloemfontein Bloemfontein (IPA: , Afrikaans and Dutch for "fountain of Bloem (bloom)" or "flower fountain" is one of South Africa's three capital cities, along with Pretoria and Cape Town. Bloemfontein serves as the judicial capital, as well as the capital of the Free State province.
Bloemfontein Conference The Bloemfontein Conference was a meeting that took place in Bloemfontein, capital of the Orange Free State from May 13 until June 5, 1899. The main issue dealt with the status of British migrant workers called "Uitlanders", who mined the gold fields in Transvaal.
Blog fiction Using weblogs to explore various possibilities for constructing fictional works, Blog fiction is a burgeoning format for creative digital writing and distribution on the Internet, rising in popularity when free, automated blog generators began appearing in 1999 and, most likely, will come to full artistic fruition within the iGeneration. Echoing eighteenth century pamphleteering and the serialized publication of fictional works from the eighteenth century to the present day, such as Laurence Sterne’s Tristram Shandy (1759-67), many of Charles Dickens' novels, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes series, and Henry James' The Ambassadors (1903, with each of its twelve parts appearing in The North American Review before being published as a whole that same year), blog fiction appears in short installments of textual pieces, lexia, that must both stand on their own and work towards a larger whole.
Blog for America Blog for America was the title of the official Howard Dean campaign weblog from March 2003 to March, 2004. It was previously known as the Dean Call To Action blog, the first presidential campaign weblog, founded by Mathew Gross on March 15 2003, but became BFA when it was rebuilt using Movable Type by Marc Chadwick and Mathew Gross.
Blog Hooligan The term Blog Hooligan was first coined by Duke University Vice Provost and Professor Cathy Davidson in a letter to the editor of the Raleigh News & Observer newspaperIn the aftermath of a social disaster in the News & Observer, accessed 1/7/7. The letter was written to provide information about an advertisement 88 members of the Duke faculty, staff, and student body had signed early in the days of the 2006 Duke University lacrosse team scandal.
Blog scraping Blog scraping, is the process where automated software scans hundreds of thousands of blogs per day, searching for and copying content. The process is sometimes referenced by the name given the software or individuals responsible for the action, “blog scrapers.
Blog:CMS Blog:CMS (formerly Nucleus XE) is a content management system written in PHP with a MySQL database. It attempts to integrate several open-source projects into a forked version of Nucleus CMS, including DokuWiki, PunBB, and an image gallery, using modifications written by its primary developer, Radek Hulán.
Blogcast A blogcast is a portmanteau of two better known media types, the blog and the podcast into a single website. A blogcast is a podcast with an associated text summary, which can be indexed by search engines to make the podcast searchable.
Blogcn Established in November of 2002, BlogCN is the first free blog hosting service provider in China. Based in the eastern city of Hangzhou, BlogCN has built the world's largest Chinese blog community, blog hosting service, and blog search engine.
Blogcritics Blogcritics is a popular news and opinion blog founded in 2002 by Eric Olsen and Phillip Winn. The site—a self-proclaimed "sinister cabal of superior bloggers"—offers a wide range of articles focusing on popular culture in such categories as Music, Books, TV/Film, Sports, and Gaming.
BloggerCon BloggerCon is a user-focused conference for the blogger community. BloggerCon I (October 2003) and II (April 2004), were organized by Dave Winer and friends at Harvard Law School's Berkman Center for the Internet and Society in Cambridge, Mass.
Bloggernacle The Bloggernacle or Bloggernacle Choir is a name that has been adopted by the LDS blogging community to describe the Mormon portion of the blogosphere. It was created as a play on words of the Mormon Tabernacle Choir.
Blogging Tories Blogging Tories is the name of a group of Canadian bloggers who come from the centre, centre-right and right-wing of the political spectrum. The Blogging Tories are composed of many individual blogs, whose content is aggregated on the main Blogging Tories website.
Blogosphere Blogosphere is the collective term encompassing all blogs as a community or social network. Many weblogs are densely interconnected; bloggers read others' blogs, link to them, reference them in their own writing, and post comments on each others' blogs.
BlogsMalaysia BlogsMalaysia a Malaysian] [[metablog dedicated to 'scouring Sharp Bytes from Bolehland'. It is modelled after the hugely popular BoingBoingand emulates the multi-editor team adopted by its Singaporean counterpart, Tomorrow.
BlogShares BlogShares is a simulated, fantasy stock market for weblogs where players invest fictional money to buy stocks and bonds in an artificial economy. Weblogs are the companies, issuing shares and producing commodities called 'Ideas'.
BlogSoft BlogSoft is the leading Scandinavian blogware provider. Based in Oslo, Norway this company provides the backend for the free blogtools of such websites as ABC Startsiden, Spray (TV2 (Norway)) Nettavisen (TV2 (Norway)), blogg.
Blogtalkradio BlogTalkRadio offers a "live-talk podcasting" service, as it was dubbed by Gizmodo. The free hosting service, launched in July 2006, enables podcasters to broadcast live over the Internet, accepting live callers and instant messages while on the air.
Blohm + Voss BV 155 The Blohm + Voss BV 155 was a high-altitude interceptor aircraft intended to be used by the Luftwaffe against raids by USAAF B-29's. Work started on the design in 1942, but the design went through a protracted development period for no obvious reason and was still under construction when World War II ended.
Blohm + Voss BV 238 Blohm + Voss BV 238 was a flying boat used in World War 2. It was the heaviest aircraft ever flown when it first flew in 1944, and physically was the largest aircraft produced by any of the Axis powers in World War II.
Blohm + Voss Ha 137 The Ha 137 was Blohm + Voss's entry into the contest to equip the re-forming Luftwaffe with their first purpose-built dive bomber. Although the contest would eventually be won by the infamous Junkers Ju 87, the Ha 137 demonstrated that B&V's Hamburger Flugzeugbau, not even two years old at this point, had a truly capable design team of their own.
Blohm und Voss Bv 144 The Blohm und Voss Bv 144 was an attempt by Germany in World War II, to develop an advanced commercial airliner for post-war service. Due to the changing course of the war the project was abandoned and only a single example was built.
Bloch MB.150 The Bloch MB-150 was a French low-wing, all metal monoplane fighter aircraft with retractable landing gear and closed cockpit developed by Societé des Avions Marcel Bloch as a contender in the 1934 French air ministry competition for a new fighter design.
Bloch wave A Bloch wave or Bloch state, named after Felix Bloch, is the wavefunction of a particle (usually, an electron) placed in a periodic potential. It consists of the product of a plane wave and a periodic function (Bloch envelope) unk(r) which has the same periodicity as the potential:
Blok M Blok M is a business and shopping quarter located in Kebayoran Baru, South Jakarta, Indonesia. The development is less modern than some of the developments near Kota, Central Jakarta and many of the buildings are run down.
Bloke "Bloke" is a slang term for "man," much like "guy" or "dude." It is used primarily in the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand, and is believed to derive from Shelta.
Blokhedz Blokhedz is an independent comic book series/graphic novel created by the Madtwiinz, Mark and Mike Davis. Since the release of Issue #1 in 2004, the 4-book comic series has developed a small but dedicated underground fanbase.
Blokus Blokus is an abstract strategy board game for two to four players, invented by Bernard Tavitian and published in 2000 by the Sekkoia company. It has won several awards, including the Mensa select award and the 2004 Teacher's Choice Award.
Blokwatch Blokwatch is the name of a Belgian newssite, a virtual archive and documentation centre, and meeting point for research on and about the far right in Flanders. Most of its attention is attributed to the Vlaams Belang (formerly called Vlaams Blok, hence the name "BlokWatch").

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