Encyclopedia

BrĂĽnigbahn The BrĂĽnigbahn (formerly: SBB BrĂĽnig) was, until 31 December 2004, the only narrow gauge railway of the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB-CFF-FFS). On 30 June 2004, the Swiss Federal Council empowered the SBB to sell the BrĂĽnigbahn to Luzern-Stans-Engelberg-Bahn (LSE).
BrĂş na BĂłinne BrĂş na BĂłinne (English: "Quarters of the Boyne") is an internationally important complex of Neolithic chamber tombs, standing stones, henges and other prehistoric enclosures located in a wide meander of the River Boyne in Ireland. Later, it was used for Iron Age burials.
Brúðkaupslagið Brúðkaupslagið (Icelandic for the "Wedding song") is one of the Icelandic band Todmobile's earliest and most beloved songs. It originally came out in the spring of 1990 under the name of Brúðkaupsdansinn ("The wedding dance") and immediately became extremely popular.
Brännboll Brännboll (pronounced brennball) is a game similar to Rounders and baseball played on amateur level throughout Sweden, Norway and Denmark, mostly on meadows and in public parks, but it is also part of the PE curriculum in some areas.
Brännkyrka Municipality Brännkyrka Municipality was a Swedish municipality in Stockholm County, in eastern Sweden, until its incorporation with Stockholm Municipality in 1913. The area is currently designated as the parish Brännkyrka.
Brændstrup Brændstrup (Braendstrup) is a small village in Southern Jutland, Denmark, the population of the village is below 1,000. Currently it is placed under Rødding County, neighbouring counties are Gram to the south of Brændstrup and Ribe to the west.
Brös Brös (also Bros, Bross, Brus or Bruss) is a Piedmontese preparation of cheese and grappa which, in former centuries, was typical of the peasant cuisine of the Upper Langa. Its pungent flavour gave rise to the proverb “Only love is stronger than Brös”.
Brøderbund Brøderbund Software was an American maker of computer games, educational software and the Print Shop productivity tools. The company was founded in Eugene, Oregon, but moved to San Rafael, California, and later to Novato, California.
Brøndby Brøndby is a municipality (Danish, kommune) in Copenhagen County on the east coast of the island of Zealand (Sjælland) in eastern Denmark. The municipality covers an area of 21 km², and has a total population of 34,513 (2005).
Brøndby IF seasons This is a list of seasons played by Danish football club Brøndby IF from the 1981-82 season, when Brøndby IF entered the top-flight Danish football championship, to the present day. It details the club's achievements in major competitions, in both Danish football and European tournaments.
Brøndby Stadium Brøndby Stadium (Danish: Brøndby Stadion) is the homeground of football club Brøndby IF, situated in the Greater Copenhagen area. It is referred to as Vilfort Park among Brøndby supporters, named after club legend Kim Vilfort.
Brønderslev Brønderslev is a municipality (Danish, kommune) in North Jutland County on Vendsyssel, the northernmost part of the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark. The municipality covers an area of 317 km² and has a total population of 20,107 (2005).
Brønderslev-Dronninglund municipality As of January 1, 2007 Brønderslev-Dronninglund municipality will, as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipal Reform" of 2007), come into existence as a municipality (Danish, kommune) in Denmark. It will consist of the former municipalities of Brønderslev and Dronninglund.
Brønnøysund Bridge Brønnøysund Bridge (Brønnøysundbrua) is a cantilever bridge that connects the island Torget with the mainland near the town of Brønnøysund in Nordland county in Norway. The bridge is 550 metres long, the longest span is 110 metres, and the maximum clearance to the sea is 30 metres.
Brønshøj Brønshøj is a part of the municipality of Copenhagen, and forms together with Husum the administrative city district (bydel) of Brønshøj-Husum. Brønshøj lies on rising ground 4km west of Copenhagen center and is bordered by the large wetland area of Utterslev Mose to the north.
Brcevo Brčevo or Brcevo (Macedonian Cyrillic: Брчево) is a small village located near Struga in the province of Opstina Struga, Macedonia. The village is situated 921 m above sea level and has a population of 20.
Brda River The Brda (Brahe in German) is a river in northwestern Poland, a tributary of the Vistula. It is the country's 15th longest river, with a total length of 238 km and a catchment area (all within Poland) of 4,627 km².
Brea Olinda High School The main public high school in Brea, California is Brea Olinda High School (BOHS). A California Distinguished and National Blue Ribbon School known for academic and athletic excellence, BOHS is home to 2,100 9th through 12th-grade students.
Brea Olinda Unified School District Brea Olinda Unified School District is the school district serving the City of Brea in Orange County, California, United States. It also serves portions of the nearby cities of Fullerton, Yorba Linda and La Habra.
Bread Bread is a staple food of European, Middle Eastern and Indian cultures which is prepared by baking, steaming, or frying dough. Bread consists minimally of flour and water; salt is present in most cases; and usually a leavening agent such as yeast is used.
Bread and circuses Bread and circuses is a derogatory phrase which can describe either government policies to pacify the citizenry, or the shallow, decadent desires of that same citizenry. In both cases, it refers to low-cost, low-quality, high-availability food and entertainment, and to the exclusion of things which the speaker considers more important, such as art, public works projects, democracy, or human rights.
Bread and Circuits Bread and Circuits were a band that formed in 1999 and released a self-titled LP on Ebullition Records, recorded material for a split with Former Members of Alfonsin, and broke up before the latter was even released.
Bread and Puppet Theater The Bread and Puppet Theater (often known simply as Bread & Puppet) is a politically radical puppet theater, active since the 1960s, currently based in Glover, Vermont. Its founder and director is Peter Schumann.
Bread and Roses The slogan "Bread and Roses" originated in a poem of that name by James Oppenheim, published in American Magazine in December 1911, which attributed it to "the women in the West". It is commonly associated with a textile strike in Lawrence, Massachusetts during January-March 1912, now often known as the "Bread and Roses strike".
Bread and Roses (film) Bread and Roses is a film directed by Ken Loach, starring Adrien Brody. Released in 2000, the film deals with the struggle of poorly paid janitors in Los Angeles and their fight for better working conditions and the right to unionise.
Bread bowl A bread bowl is a round loaf of bread which has had a large portion of the middle cut out to create an edible bowl. Bread bowls can be used to serve chili, New England-style clam chowder, and other thick stews (often, but not always, with a cheese or cream base).
Bread Loaf Writers' Conference The Bread Loaf Writers' Conference is the oldest writer's conference in the United States. It was founded in 1926, and held every summer at Bread Loaf, a historic inn east of Middlebury, Vermont, sponsored by Middlebury College.
Bread machine A bread machine (more usually known in Australian and British English as a bread maker or breadmaker) is a home appliance for baking bread. It consists of a bread pan with a paddle mounted in the center, in a small special-purpose oven, with a control panel.
Bread starter A bread starter, also called a "sponge," consists of a simple mixture of flour, water, and a leavening agent (typically yeast or yogurt), and is added to bread dough before the kneading and baking process as a substitute for yeast. The advantage of a starter is that it produces chewier bread with a crunchier crust, and helps maintain the freshness of the bread.
Breadalbane hydro-electric power scheme The Breadalbane hydro-electric power scheme for the generation of hydro-electric power is centred around Loch Lyon, Loch Tay and Loch Earn, in Perth and Kinross, Scotland, and lies approximately 22km north north west of Callander.
Breadalbane, New South Wales Breadalbane () is a small village located on the Lachlan River headwaters and not far from Goulburn in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia in Upper Lachlan Shire. This little town is also located nearby and adjacent to the major Hume Highway which links Sydney to Melbourne via an inland route.
Breadbasket The Breadbasket of a country is a region which, because of richness of soil or advantageous climate, produces an agricultural surplus which is often considered vital for the country as a whole. As such the ownership of these regions is historically the subject of fierce military disputes.
Breadboard A breadboard is a reusable solderless device used to build a (generally temporary) prototype of an electronic circuit and for experimenting with circuit designs. This is in contrast to stripboard (veroboard) and similar prototyping printed circuit boards, which are used to build more permanent prototypes or one-offs, and cannot easily be reused.
Breadbox A breadbox, also called a bread bin, particularly in British English, is a container for storing bread and other baked goods to keep them fresh. They were a common household kitchen item until bread started being made commercially with food preservatives and wrapped in plastic.
Breadcrumb Breadcrumbs or bread crumbs (regional variants: breading, crispies) are small particles of dry or very dry bread, which are used for breading foods, topping casseroles, stuffing poultry, thickening stews, and adding inexpensive bulk to meatloaves and similar dishes.
Breadfruit The Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis), Malayalam: kada-chakkai, Hawaiian: ‘ulu, Indonesian: sukun Tagalog: kolo, Spanish (Puerto Rico): pana; is a tree and fruit native to the East Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean islands. It has also been widely planted in tropical regions elsewhere.
BreadTalk Group BreadTalk Group Limited is a listed bakery based in Singapore and was founded on March 6, 2003. It currently operates a chain of retail outlets through its subsidiary BreadTalk Pte Ltd, selling a wide range of bread, cakes, buns and pastries.
Breadwinner Breadwinner was a math rock-band based in Richmond, Virginia comprised of: Pen Rollings (guitar), Robert Donne (bass), and Chris Farmer (drums). Merge Records released two 7-inch singles and one full-length CD, "The Burner" (1994), comprised of the two out of print singles and 3 unreleased tracks, after the band had broken up.
Breach (film) Breach is a 2007 film starring Chris Cooper, Ryan Phillippe, and Laura Linney. The film is directed by Billy Ray and is based on Eric O'Neill, an upstart FBI agent working under Robert Hanssen, an agent convicted of spying for the Soviet Union for fifteen years.
Breach of confidence The tort of breach of confidence, is a common law tort that protects private information that is conveyed in confidence. A claim for breach of confidence typically requires the information to be of a confidential nature, which was communicated in confidence, and was disclosed to the detriment of the claimant.
Breach of contract Breach of contract is a legal concept in which a binding agreement or bargained-for exchange is not honored by one or more of the parties to the contract by non-performance or interference with the other party's performance.
Breaching experiment In the field of social psychology, a breaching experiment is an experiment that seeks to examine peoples' reactions to violations of commonly accepted social rules or norms. Breaching experiments are most commonly associated with ethnomethodology, in particular the work of Harold Garfinkel.
Breaching round A breaching round or Hatton cartridge, is a shotgun shell made for combat situations which is specially designed for the purposes of breaching doorways. It is typically fired at a range of 4–6 inches, aimed between the doorknob and door jamb, destroying the locking mechanism.
Breaching Shotgun A breaching shotgun is a shotgun holding special rounds that is used to remove locks from doors. In the military, the standard door breaching round is the slug, but there are specialized breaching rounds made from ceramics and iron dust and are designed to not only blow the lock, but to cause additional debris from the door itself.
Break action A break-action firearm is one in which the the barrel is attached to the receiver with hinge, allowing the barrel to be pivoted open to expose the breech for loading ammunition and extracting fired cases. A separate operation may be required for the cocking of a hammer to fire the new round(s) i
Break Away "Break Away" (occasionally listed as Breakaway) is the title of a song written by Brian Wilson (Murry Wilson receives a songwriting credit, though the contributions he made to the record are not known) for The Beach Boys in 1969. It is commonly ranked as one of their stronger songs, despite being a relatively unsuccessful single, charting at #63 in the US (but far stronger abroad).
Break crop A practice of intensive arable farming whereby as part of a crop rotation, a physiologically different crop is inserted into the main cropping plan in order to provide a "break" from the cycle of weeds, pests and diseases encountered with the latter. The aim is to optimize yields of the primary crops and therefore income while reducing the cost of pesticides.
Break even analysis The break even point for a product is the point where total revenue received equals total costs associated with the sale of the product (TR=TC). A break even point is typically calculated in order for businesses to determine if it would be profitable to sell a proposed product, as opposed to attempting to modify an existing product instead so it can be made lucrative.
Break In The Seal Break In The Seal is a photographic exhibition by two of Britain's most talented black artists: Pogus Caesar, born in St Kitts, and Vanley Burke from Jamaica. Both came to Britain from the West Indies as children.
Break It To Me Gently "Break It To Me Gently" is a classic pop song written by Diane Lambert and Joe Seneca. The tune was originally a hit for Brenda Lee in 1962, climbing into the Top Ten of both the Country and Pop charts.
Break It Up Break It Up were a key band in the UK hardcore punk scene from 2003 until their demise in September 2006. Consisting of former members of Voorhees and Thirty Seconds Until Armageddon, the band recorded a self-titled EP on Anger Management Records and also an album with the UK's Dead & Gone Records entitled No Sides.
Break junction A break junction is an electrical junction between two wires formed by pulling the wires apart to produce electrodes separated by a few atomic distances. In this technique a metal wire is bent or pulled, often using a piezoelectric crystal to apply the necessary force.
Break Me Shake Me "Break Me Shake Me" is the fourth single released by Savage Garden from their eponymous debut album " Savage Garden" and was released in 1997. The video for this single features the band driving around in a car, performing in a desert and some concert footage from their Future of Earthly Delites tour.
Break My Heart Slowly Break My Heart Slowly is the debut single by Manic Street Preachers bassist/lyricist Nicky Wire, released on September 18, 2006 on Red Ink Records. The song premiered on Phil Jupitus' show on 6music in early May.
Break My Stride Break My Stride was a major hit single for Matthew Wilder in 1983-84. This reggae-infused synth-pop song was perhaps best known for its incessantly catchy chorus ("Ain't nothing gonna break my stride, nobody gonna slow me down...
Break of Dromore The Break of Dromore is a name given to a battle fought during the Williamite War in Ireland on March 14, 1689. The battle was fought between Catholic Jacobite troops under Richard Hamilton and Protestant Williamites.
Break open A break open firearm is one whose barrels are hinged, and rotate perpendicular to the bore axis to expose the breech and allow loading and unloading. Break open actions are universal in double-barrelled shotguns and combination guns, and are common in single shot rifles, pistols, and shotguns, and can also be found in flare guns, grenade launchers and some older revolver designs.
Break Out The Battle Tapes Break Out The Battle Tapes is the debut album from Wired All Wrong, a duo made up of Matt Mahaffey of Self and Jeff Turzo of God Lives Underwater. The album is notable for it's unique production, particularly for it's creative methods of editing explicit words.
Break the Night with Colour "Break the Night with Colour" is a song by English singer-songwriter Richard Ashcroft and is featured on his 2006 album, Keys to the World. It was released 9 January 2006 as the lead single from the album, charting at #3 in the UK Singles Chart (see 2006 in British music).
Break with the Boss Break with the Boss is a British television programme that aired in the UK on Living TV from November 1 2006. An eight part series which sees different bosses each week take three of their employees away on holiday, during which they will have to complete challenges.
Break Your Silence Break Your Silence was the first official album by the new rock band Cinder. It was recorded by Geffen Records in 2000, but was never released, due to Geffen Records being bought out and numerous unreleased bands were dropped.
Break-of-gauge With railways, a break-of-gauge is where a line of one gauge meets a line of a different gauge. Trains and rolling stock cannot run through without some form of conversion between gauges, and freight and passengers must otherwise be transloaded.
Breakadawn "Breakadawn" is a 1993 single by hip hop group De la Soul, released from their third album Buhloone Mindstate. The song marked a slightly different approach from the group, who up until that point were still seen as the hippies of hip hop music and had tried to shake off that image with their sophomore album, De La Soul Is Dead.
Breakage Breakage is a freeware cross platform drum machine. Its goal is to serve as a research platform for breakbeat composition above the note level with an intuitive, user friendly interface for live rhythm programming.
Breakage (accounting) Breakage is a term used in accounting to indicate gift cards that have been sold but not redeemed. Revenue from breakage is almost entirely profit, since companies need not provide any goods or services for unredeemed gift cards.
Breakaway (ice hockey) A breakaway is a situation in ice hockey in which a player with the puck has no defending players, except for the goaltender, between himself and the opposing goal, leaving him free to skate in and shoot at will (assuming he can skate faster than the defenders trying to catch him). A breakaway is considered a serious defensive lapse on the part of the other team.
BreakAway Games BreakAway Games is a game developer based in Hunt Valley, Maryland established in 1998. While relatively recent, their executive staff is composed of several veterans from companies such as MicroProse, Origin Systems, Atari, Ion Storm, and Acclaim Entertainment.
Breakbeat Breakbeat (sometimes breakbeats or breaks) is a term used to describe a collection of sub-genres of electronic music, usually characterized by the use of a non-straighted 4/4 drum pattern (as opposed to the steady beat of house or trance). These rhythms may be characterised by their intensive use of syncopation and polyrhythms, which are prominent in all music of African origin, including African American music.
Breakbeat Era Breakbeat Era was a short-lived project that combined the breakbeat talents of drum and bass producers Roni Size and DJ Die with the vocals of singer Leonie Laws. Spearheaded by the single Ultra-Obscene, and then released as an album under the same title in 1999.
Breakbeat hardcore Breakbeat hardcore (popularly known as rave music, originally referred to as simply hardcore in the United Kingdom, with oldskool hardcore a common term in the 21st century) is a style of electronic music that primarily uses breakbeats for its rhythm lines. It was an early 1990s offshoot of the acid house scene of late 1980s Britain and was the precursor to various genres including jungle/drum and bass and happy hardcore.
Breakbeat Kaos Breakbeat Kaos is an independent drum and bass record label based in London, UK. It is the result of a merger between Fresh's and Adam F's record labels and has released singles from artists such as Pendulum, Fresh, Adam F and several others.
Breakcore Breakcore is a loosely defined electronic music style that brings together elements of industrial, jungle, hardcore techno and IDM into a breakbeat-oriented sound that encourages speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density.
Breakdance Breakdance (media coined phrase), also known as breaking, b-girling or b-boying, is a street dance style that evolved as part of the hip hop movement that originated among African American youths in the South Bronx of New York City during the early 1970s. It is arguably the best known of all hip hop dance styles.
Breakdance (ride) The Breakdance is an amusement park ride, designed by HUSS Maschinenfabrik in 1985. Upon release, the ride design proved to be an instant hit, with HUSS now producing four varying designs, all of which can be acquired in transportable, semi-permanent, or permanent forms.
Breakdown (band) Breakdown was started in 1986, during the resurgance of the hardcore scene. Despite being a NYHC band, being based in Yonkers Breakdown didn't have the Lower East Side Crew-mentality of Warzone and Agnostic Front.
Breakdown (video game) Breakdown (working title: Project Breakdown) is a first-person shooting/fighting game released by Namco in 2003 for the Microsoft Xbox console. Views on the game are mixed, as it sold unspectacularly, and was criticized for the flawed gameplay mechanics.
Breaker (hydraulic) A breaker is a powerful percussion hammer fitted to an excavator for demolishing concrete structures or rocks. It is powered by a hydraulic feed from the excavator, which is fitted with a foot-operated valve for this purpose.
Breaker High Breaker High was a 44 episode single-camera filmed television series that ran from 1997 to 1998, airing on UPN in the United States, and YTV in Canada. The series was set at a high school located on a cruise ship, allowing the episodes to be set in a variety of exotic "locations".
Breaker Morant Harry 'Breaker' Harbord Morant (1864– 27 February 1902) was an Anglo-Australian drover, horseman, poet and soldier whose renowned skill with horses earned him the nickname "The Breaker." Articulate, intelligent and well educated, he was also a published poet and became one of the better-known "back-block bards" of the 1890s, with the bulk of his work appearing in The Bulletin magazine.
Breaker Morant (film) Breaker Morant is a 1979 Australian feature film, directed by Bruce Beresford and starring British actor Edward Woodward as Harry "Breaker" Morant. The all-Australian supporting cast features Bryan Brown as Lieutenant Handcock, Lewis FitzGerald as Witton, and Jack Thompson as Major Thomas.
Breaker-grozier plier Breaker-grozier pliers are tools used by Glaziers to break and finish glass in a controlled manner. They are dual purpose pliers, with a flat jaw that's used for breaking out scores and a curved jaw that's used for grozing flares from the edge of broken glass.
Breaker-grozier pliers Breaker-grozier pliers are pliers that have a curved jaw below, and a flat jaw above, both with finely serrated edges. They are mainly used by glaziers for breaking and finishing small glass pieces that can fit into the jaws of the pliers in at least one dimension.
Breakers Hotel The Breakers Hotel Complex is a historic hotel in Palm Beach, Florida, United States. Originally built in the 1890s as the Royal Poinciana Hotel or Old Royal Poinciana Hotel, it was a 2,000 room wooden hotel (1,100 guest rooms), in Palm Beach, Florida in the United States.
Breakeven The breakeven point in economics is the point at which cost or expenses and income are equal - there is no net loss or gain, one has "broken even". The breakeven point can be determined by the Lawson criterion.
Breakfast at Tiffany's Breakfast at Tiffany's is the 1961 Academy Award-winning movie starring Audrey Hepburn and George Peppard, and featuring Patricia Neal, Buddy Ebsen, Martin Balsam, and Mickey Rooney. It was directed by Blake Edwards.
Breakfast at Tiffany's (song) "Breakfast at Tiffany's" is a song by American rock band Deep Blue Something, released in 1995. The song is a reference to the classic Audrey Hepburn movie of the same name, and is sung from the perspective of a young man faced with a potential break-up with his girlfriend.
Breakfast At Bens' Breakfast at Ben's is a short film produced and directed by Chuck Wilson, and released as part of a collection of short films entitled Afrocentricity. The film follows a black man who escapes the ghetto to become a NASA engineer and now yearns to help others in need.
Breakfast cereal A breakfast cereal is a food product designed especially to be marketed to consumers as a simple breakfast food. Breakfast cereals may be eaten cold and mixed with milk and fruit, or boiled like oatmeal, grits, etc.
Breakfast for Learning BREAKFAST FOR LEARNING (BFL) is the leading national non-profit organization solely dedicated to child nutrition in Canada. BFL's vision is to ensure the every child in Canada attends school well nourished and ready to learn.
Breakfast Food Killers "Breakfast Food Killers" is an upcoming episode of the animated series Drawn Together. It is scheduled to air during the second half of the show's third season, which is projected to begin in October 2007.
Breakfast of Champions Breakfast of Champions, or Goodbye Blue Monday is a 1973 novel by the American author Kurt Vonnegut, and is a prime example of Vonnegut's peculiar brand of deadpan satire. Set in the fictional town of Midland City, it is the story of "two lonesome, skinny, fairly old white men on a planet which was dying fast".
Breakfast roll The breakfast roll is generally considered a cheap and convenient version of a full breakfast. It can be purchased at a wide variety of petrol stations, local newsagents, supermarkets, and eateries throughout the UK and Ireland.
Breakfast to Breakfast Breakfast to Breakfast, also referred to as "B-to-B" or "B 2 B", is a chain of fast food and manakish restaurants which opened its first store at Jal AL-Dib Highway in 1996. Today, it has about seven branches in Lebanon and a new one in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates.
Breakfast Television Breakfast Television, also known as BT, is a Canadian morning news and entertainment program which airs on the Citytv stations (in Toronto, Vancouver, Winnipeg, Edmonton and Calgary), CP24, A-Channel Barrie, CTV Atlantic, and ASN.
Breakfast Television (Citytv Toronto) Breakfast Television, also known as BT, is a Canadian morning news and entertainment program which airs on the Citytv Toronto. The program is simulcast on Toronto news channel CP24, and A-Channel Barrie, who edits the program with their own news content.
Breakfast with the Arts Breakfast with the Arts is an American television show seen on the A&E Television Networks since 1991. The show over the years has featured performances and interviews from all facets of the performing arts including rock, jazz, classical, Broadway and film.
Breakfast with the Beatles Breakfast with the Beatles is a popular programming segment format on FM radio in cities in the USA. Stations which feature, or have featured it include: WXRT in Chicago, WMGK in Philadelphia, WGRF in Buffalo, WMXJ in Miami/Ft.
Breakin' (song) "Breakin'" is a song from The Music's second album, Welcome to the North. It was also the second single from that album, released in the UK and elsewhere in Europe as a single in early January 2005 and in Japan in early March 2005 as an EP.
Breaking (martial arts) Breaking is a martial arts skill that is used in competition, demonstration and testing. Breaking is an action where a martial artist uses a striking surface to break one or more objects using the skill honed in his art form.
Breaking Away Breaking Away is a 1979 film which tells the story of a group of local boys from Bloomington, Indiana who put together a bicycle racing team to compete against teams from Indiana University. It stars Dennis Christopher, Dennis Quaid, Daniel Stern, Jackie Earle Haley, Barbara Barrie and Paul Dooley.

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