Encyclopedia

Bylazora Bylazora was a city of the Paionians, situated along the banks of the Axios (Vardar) river in ancient Paionia (the region is now part of the Republic of Macedonia). In pre-Roman times, it was the chief town and seat of the Paionian kings, a major Paionian city, along with Stobi.
Byline The byline on a newspaper or magazine article gives the name, and often the position, of the writer of the article. Bylines are traditionally placed between the headline and the text of the article, although some magazines (notably Reader's Digest) place bylines at the bottom of the page, to leave more room for graphical elements around the headline.
Byllis Byllis is a Roman Catholic titular bishopric in the former Roman province of Epirus Nova (now Albania), whose title is often added to that of Apollonia among the suffragans of the archbishopric of Dyrrachium (Durazzo).
Bylong Valley Way Bylong Valley Way is a New South Wales country road linking the Golden Highway near Sandy Hollow to the Castlereagh Highway near Ilford. It is named after the Bylong Valley, which the eastern half of the road follows.
Byōbu Byōbu (屏風, literally "wind wall") are Japanese folding screens made from several joined panels, with decorative paintings and calligraphy, used to separate interiors, and enclose private spaces, amid other uses.
Byōdō-in Originally founded in 998 in the Heian period as a rural villa, Byōdō-in (平等院) is a temple in the city of Uji in Kyoto Prefecture in Japan. The most famous building in the temple is the Phoenix Hall or the Amida Hall, constructed in 1053.
Bynea railway station Bynea railway station serves the village of Bynea near Llanelli, South Wales. Bynea station is situated close to the Millennium Coastal Park and is a convenient stop for cyclists and hikers to the coastal area.
Byng Arts Mini School Byng Arts Mini School is a School District 39 Vancouver Mini School programVSB Mini School Listing for Literary, Media, Visual, Music, and Performing Arts. The school is located with in Lord Byng Secondary School in West Point Grey on the west side of Vancouver, British Columbia.
Byodo-In Temple The Byodo-In Temple is a non-denominational Buddhist temple located on the island of O'ahu in Hawai'i at the Valley of the Temples. At 47-200 Kahekili Highway, the Byodo-In Temple is a replica of a 900-year-old Buddhist place of worship at Uji in Kyoto prefecture of Japan.
Byomkesh Bakshi Byomkesh Bakshi is a fictional detective in Bengali literature created by Sharadindu Bandyopadhyay. The character has been inspired by the legendary Sherlock Holmes, but entirely Indianized by the literary genius of the author.
Bypass (road) A bypass is a road or highway that avoids or "bypasses" a built-up area, town, or village, to let through traffic flow without interference from local traffic, to reduce congestion in the built-up area, and to improve road safety.
Bypass ratio In aeronautical engineering, and jet engine design in particular, bypass ratio is a common measurement that compares the amount of air deliberately blown past the engine to that moving through the core. For instance, an engine that blows two kilograms of air around the engine for every kilogram that passes through it is said to have a bypass ratio of 2 (or 2 to 1).
Bypassing In communications and linguistics, bypassing refers to the misunderstanding which develops when the recipient of a message infers a different meaning from the message than that intended by the source. Most commonly, this involves confusion that may result from the different meanings of words; particularly, slang and euphemisms—such confusion is sometimes one of the goals of doublespeak.
Byram Dinshawji Avari Byram Dinshawji Avari is a prominent Pakistani Parsi entrepreneur in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Together with his sons Dinshaw and Xerxes and their direct families, he owns and operates the Avari Group of companies, of which he is the chairman.
Byram Green Byram Green (April 15, 1786 - October 18, 1865) was a United States Representative from New York. Born in East Windsor, Berkshire County, Massachusetts, he attended the public schools and was graduated from Williams College in 1808.
Byram Township School District The Byram Township School District is a comprehensive community public school district that serves students in kindergarten through eighth grade from Byram Township, in Sussex County, New Jersey, United States.
Byran Uyesugi Byran Koji Uyesugi (born 1959) was a former Xerox service technician in Honolulu, Hawaii who was convicted of killing seven of his co-workers on November 2, 1999, in what has been called the Xerox murders, the worst mass murder case in the history of Hawaii. The case also heightened awareness of workplace violence in Hawaii and elsewhere.
Byrd Amendment The Byrd Amendment is also known as the Continued Dumping and Subsidy Offset Act of 2000 (CDSOA). The act is American legislation closely associated with its chief sponsor, Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia.
Byrd Glacier The Byrd Glacier () is a major glacier, about 136 km long and 24 km wide, draining an extensive area of the polar plateau and flowing eastward between the Britannia Range and Churchill Mountains to discharge into the Ross Ice Shelf at Barne Inlet.
Byrd Park Byrd Park is a public park located in Richmond, Virginia north of the James River and adjacent to Maymont. The two hundred acre park includes a 9/10 mile running track with exercise stops, monuments, an amphitheatre, and three small lakes: Shields (sometimes spelled Sheilds), Swan, and Boat Lake.
Byrganym Aytimova Byrganym Sariyevna Aytimova served as the Minister of Education and Science in the Government of KazakhstanPrincipal Government Officials Travel Document Systems until Zhanseit Tuymenbayev replaced her on 10 January 2007.President of Kazakhstan forming cabinet AzerTaj She previously served as Kazakhstan's ambassador to Italy.
Byrhtferth Almost nothing is known of Byrhtferth's life except that he was a monk who lived at Ramsey Abbey most of his life. Most of his writing is believed to have been produced sometime between 988 to perhaps as late as 1015 or 1016 but these dates are not certain.
Byrhtnoth Byrhtnoth (ByrhtnoĂľ, also spelled ByrhtnoĂ°, ByrihtnoĂ°, BrihtnoĂľ, BeorhtnoĂľ, BeorhtnoĂ°, BaeorhtnoĂ°) was a 10th century Ealdorman of Essex. His name is composed of Old English beorht (bright) and noth (courage).
Byrne Piven Bryne Piven (September 24, 1929, Scranton, Pennsylvania - February 18, 2002, Evanston, Illinois), was an influential American stage actor, director, and co-founder of the Playwrights Theatre Club, a forerunner of the Second City.
Byron Beams Byron Beams was an American college and professional football player. A defensive and offensive tackle, he played college football at Notre Dame, and played professionally in the NFL for the Pittsburgh Steelers in 1959-1960, and in the American Football League for the league champion Houston Oilers in 1961.
Byron Berline Byron Berline (born 6 July 1944) is an American fiddle player. He is widely considered one of the world's preeminent fiddle players and is also one of the most significant figures in contemporary bluegrass music.
Byron Dafoe Byron Dafoe (born February 25, 1971, in Worthing in Sussex, England) is a Canadian former National Hockey League] [[goaltender. Between 1992 and 2004, he played for the Boston Bruins, Washington Capitals, Los Angeles Kings and Atlanta Thrashers.
Byron Dinkins Byron Dinkins (born June 15, 1967 in Charlotte, North Carolina), is an American former professional basketball player who played two seasons in the NBA from 1989 to 1991. A 6'1" guard from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Dinkins played for the Houston Rockets during the 1989-90 NBA season and split time with the San Antonio Spurs and Indiana Pacers during the 1990-91 season.
Byron Erickson Byron Erickson, born February 3 1951 in Tucson, Arizona, works at Egmont, and is Don Rosa's editor. He started working in Another Rainbow Publishing in 1983, and when they received the license to publish Disney comics in the United States under the name of Gladstone, he became the editor.
Byron Foss Byron Foss (born October 6, 1979) is an American soccer player, who spent the 2004 season playing goalkeeper for the A-League's Syracuse Salty Dogs, but whose contract is currently owned by the Colorado Rapids of Major League Soccer.
Byron Foulger Byron Foulger (born August 27, 1899 in Ogden, Utah; died April 4, 1970 in Hollywood, California) was an American film character actor with a familiar face appearing in hundreds of movies and dozens of television programs. Because of his face, mustachioed, bespectacled and moon-shaped, Foulger usually played roles (many times uncredited) as storekeepers, hotel desk clerks, morticians, professors, or bank tellers.
Byron Gettis Byron Gettis is a native of East Saint Louis Illinois that graduated from Cahokia Senior High School in 1998. He was a left fielder who played for the Detroit Tigers and Kansas City Royals, and has a career batting average of .
Byron Houston Byron Dwight Houston (born November 22 1969, in Watonga, Oklahoma) is an American former professional basketball player who was selected by the Chicago Bulls in the 1st round (27th overall) of the 1992 NBA Draft. Houston played for the Golden State Warriors, Seattle SuperSonics and Sacramento Kings in 4 NBA seasons.
Byron Chief-Moon Byron Chief-Moon (born in Carlsbad, California) is a member of the Kainai First Nation of the Blackfoot Confederacy in southern Alberta. He is an actor, choreographer, dancer, playwright, and founder of the Coyote Arts Percussive Performance Association, a dance theatre company.
Byron Ingemar Johnson The Honourable Byron Ingemar Johnson (December 10, 1890 - January 12, 1964) served as the 24th Premier of the province of British Columbia, Canada, from 1947 to 1952. To his contemporaries he was often referred to by his nickname, "Boss" Johnson, which had nothing to do with his personality, but was an anglicization of the Icelandic "Bjosse", which is a diminutive form of his birth-name of Bjorn, which was adapted into English as Byron.
Byron Irvin Byron Edward Irvin (born December 2 1966, in LaGrange, Illinois) is an American former professional basketball player who was selected by the Portland Trail Blazers in the 1st round (22nd overall) of the 1989 NBA Draft. Irvin played for the Trail Blazers and Washington Bullets in 3 NBA seasons, averaging 5.
Byron Looper Byron (Low Tax) Looper (born 1964), a former politician, is an inmate in the Tennessee state penal system. In order to advance his political career, he legally changed his middle name from Anthony to "(Low Tax)".
Byron Mann Byron Mann is a Chinese-American actor who was born in Hong Kong in 1967 and has made films there and in Hollywood. He starred in films such as "Red Corner" and "The Corruptor," and in the television show Dark Angel as Detective Matt Sung and has also had roles in Catwoman and Invincible.
Byron Mitchell Byron Tarone Mitchell (born October 31, 1973 in Orlando, Florida) was an American boxer in the super middleweight division. Known as "Slama from 'Bama", Mitchell had a successful career and captured a world class title twice.
Byron N. Scott Byron Nicholson Scott (March 21, 1903 - December 21, 1991) was an American lawyer and politician. The Democrat Scott served as the second United States Representative for California's 18th congressional district for two terms, from 1935 to 1939.
Byron Parker Byron Wesley Parker (born March 3, 1981 in Madisonville, Kentucky) is a cornerback for the Toronto Argonauts of the CFL. On April 26, 2004, Parker was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Jacksonville Jaguars after playing one season of college football as a walk-on with the Tulane Green Wave.
Byron Preiss Byron Preiss (born 1953, Brooklyn, New York City; died July 9, 2005, East Hampton, New York) was an American writer, editor and publisher. He founded and served as president of Byron Preiss Visual Publications, and later of iBooks.
Byron Scott (reporter) Byron Scott is a freelance television reporter who works in the New York City and Philadelphia television markets. He mainly works for News Corporation's WWOR in Secaucus, New Jersey and NBC's WCAU in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Byron Sound Byron Sound (Spanish: Bahia San Francisco de Paula) is a large fjord-like bay on the coast of West Falkland in the Falkland Islands, facing northwards. There is one main settlement on the bay: Hill Cove, and it contains numerous islands, including Saunders Island.
Byron Stingily Byron Stingily is a male African American R&B/Soul and House music singer born in Chicago, Illinois. He had several hits in the eighties and early nineties as the lead singer of house music group Ten City.
Byron Weston Captain Byron Curtis Weston was a native of Massachusetts who founded the Weston Paper Company in 1863 (which still exists today) and served as lieutenant governor from 1880 to 1883. He came from an old New England Congregationalist family of extraordinary wealth.
Byronic hero The Byronic hero is an idealized but flawed character exemplified in the life and writings of Lord Byron: characterised by his ex-lover Lady Caroline Lamb as being "mad, bad and dangerous to know". The Byronic hero first appears in Byron's semi-autobiographical epic narrative poem Childe Harold's Pilgrimage (1812-18).
Byronosaurus Byronosaurus was a troodontid dinosaur which lived during the Late Cretaceous Period. It was named for Byron Jaffe, "in recognition of his family's support for the Mongolian Academy of Sciences-American Museum of Natural History Paleontological Expeditions.
Byrrhoidea The superfamily Byrrhoidea includes a number of beetle families, most of which are either aquatic or associated with a semi-aquatic habitat. In fact, other than the superfamily Hydrophiloidea, the majority of the remaining Polyphagan beetles which are aquatic are in this superfamily.
Byrsonima Byrsonima is a genus in the Malpighiaceae, a family of about 75 genera of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales. Byrsonima comprises over 135 species of trees, shrubs, and subshrubs found in the New World tropics and subtropics from from southern Mexico, southeastern Florida, and the Caribbean to southeastern Brazil.
Byss Byss is a planet in the Deep Core Region of the fictional Star Wars galaxy, that served as the personal resort world, sanctuary, and laboratory for the Emperor Palpatine. During the peak of the Empire, Byss was a mythical world, reputed to be a peaceful and beautiful paradise that the citizens of the Empire yearned to live on.
Byssus Byssus, plural byssuses, derives from Hebrew būṣ 'fine linen,' Aramaic bus, Greek βίσσος – 'a very fine yellowish flax and the linen woven from it', Latin byssus – 'fine cotton or cotton stuff', 'silk' and via New Latin to 'sea silk'.
Bystander effect The bystander effect (also known as bystander apathy or bystander intervention) is a psychological phenomenon in which someone is less likely to intervene in an emergency situation when others are present than when he or she is alone.
Bystřice River Bystřice is a small river in the Czech Republic, draining south from its source near Pecka through Miletín, Hořice, Mokrovousy, Nechanice, Boharyně, Kratonohy and merging with Cidlina at Chlumec nad Cidlinou.
Bystrzyca Bystrzyca is a common Polish toponym, derived from the Slavic root *-bystr, denoting speed or fast flow. As such it is a part of several place names both in Poland and in other parts of Central and Eastern Europe.
Bystrzyca Lublin Bystrzyca Lublin was a Polish women's handball team, based in Lublin, playing in Polish Ekstraklasa Women's Handball League (Premiership League). Due to financial difficulties the team was dissolved in 2004 and its players absorbed into a new team, SPR Safo iCom Lublin
Byte (magazine) Byte magazine was an influentual microcomputer magazine in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s, because of its wide-ranging editorial coverage. Whereas many magazines from the mid-1980s to date have been dedicated to the Wintel platform or the Mac, mostly from a business user's perspective, Byte covered developments in the entire field of "small computers and software", and sometimes included in-depth features on other computing fields as well, such as supercomputers and high-reliability computing.
Byte Code Engineering Library The Byte Code Engineering Library (BCEL) is a project sponsored by the Apache Foundation under their Jakarta charter to provide a simple API for decomposing, modifying, and recomposing binary Java classes (I.e.
Byte orientation Byte orientation refers to forms of data processing in which digital data are procesed bytewise. For example, communication is called byte oriented or character oriented when the transmitted information is grouped into bytes.
Byte Order Mark A Byte Order Mark (BOM) is the character at code point U+FEFF ("zero-width no-break space"), when that character is used to denote the endianness of a string of UCS/Unicode characters encoded in UTF-16 or UTF-32 and/or as a marker to indicate that text is encoded in UTF-8, UTF-16 or UTF-32.
Byte pair encoding Byte pair encoding is a simple form of data compression in which the most common pair of consecutive bytes of data is replaced with a byte that does not occur within that data. A table of the replacements is required to rebuild the original data.
Byte stream A byte stream is an abstraction used in computer science to describe a particular kind of communication channel between two entities. In computer networking the word octet stream is sometimes used to refer to the same thing.
Bytecode Bytecode is a binary representation of an executable program designed to be executed by a virtual machine rather than by dedicated hardware. Since it is processed by software, it is usually more abstract than machine code.
Byteflight Byteflight is an automotive databus created by BMW and partners to address the need for a modernized safety-critical, fault tolerant means of electronic communication between automotive components. As a predecessor to FlexRay, byteflight uses a hybrid synchronous/asynchrous TDMA based means of data transfer to circumvent deficiencies associated with pure event-triggered databuses.
BytesForAll BytesForAll is a South Asian initiative to focus on how IT (information technology), ICT (information and communication technology) and the internet, can help in taking up social development issues. BytesForAll is also described sometimes as B4A or BfA.
Bytham River The Bytham River is a now lost ancient river in paleolithic Britain that ran through the English Midlands until around 450,000 years ago. Its course has been suggested as the route that the first humans to visit Britain took.
Bytopia In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, Bytopia, the Twin Paradises (bi- + utopia) or more fully, the Twin Paradises of Bytopia is a lawful good/neutral good aligned plane of existence. It is one of a number of alignment-based Outer Planes that form part of the standard Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) cosmology, used in the Planescape, Greyhawk and some editions of the Forgotten Realms campaign settings.
Byul Kim Go-Eun (김고은), or better known as her stage name 별 (Byul) (Korean for "star") is a K-Pop singer known mostly for her ballads. Born on October 22, 1983 in Seosan, South Chungcheong Province, she studied in Dong Duk Women's University.
Byumba Province Byumba Province was one of the 12 former provinces (intara) of Rwanda and was situated in the north of the country, sharing a border with Uganda. It had an area of some 1,796 square kilometers and its population was estimated at 782,427 (2002 figures) prior to its dissolution in January 2006.
Byung-Hyun Kim Byung-Hyun Kim (born January 21, 1979 in Gwangju, South Korea) is a right-handed pitcher who has played for the Colorado Rockies since 2005. Previously, he played for the Arizona Diamondbacks (1999-2003), and the Boston Red Sox (2003-2004).
Byward Market Byward Market (named for John By and sometimes called By Ward Market, ByWard Market or simply The Market, Marché By in French) is a neighbourhood in Ottawa, Ontario located just east and north of downtown. It is bordered on the west by the Rideau Canal and on the east by the King Edward Avenue and Lower Town.
Byxnet BYXnet is an IRC network spawned from the ashes of a combination of channels on EFnet centered mainly around the first person shooter gaming community of Quake. The byxnet name is centered around three founding users: bothrops, yossman and xach.
Byzantine architecture Byzantine architecture is the architecture of the Byzantine Empire. The empire emerged gradually after AD 330, when Constantine moved the capital of the Roman Empire to Byzantium, which was later renamed Constantinople and is now Istanbul.
Byzantine army The Byzantine Army was the primary military body of the Byzantine armed forces, serving alongside the Byzantine Navy. A direct descendant of the legions of the old Roman Empire, the Byzantine Army maintained a similar level of discipline, strategic prowess and organization.
Byzantine art Byzantine art is the term commonly used to describe the artistic products of the Eastern Roman Empire from about the 5th century until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453. (The Roman Empire during this period is conventionally known as the Byzantine Empire.
Byzantine battle tactics The Byzantine army evolved from that of the late Roman Empire. The language of the army was still Latin (though later and especially after the 6th century Greek dominates, as Greek became the official language of the entire empire) but it became considerably more sophisticated in terms of strategy, tactics and organization.
Byzantine calendar The Byzantine calendar was the calendar officially used by the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire)The term Byzantine was invented by the German historian Hieronymus Wolf in 1557 but was popularized by French scholars during the 18th century to refer to the Eastern Roman Empire. from 988 by Basil II until it was conquered in 1453.
Byzantine civilisation in the twelfth century During the twelfth century, the civilization of the Byzantine Empire experienced a period of intense change and development. This has led some historians to refer to a 'twelfth century 'Renaissance' in Byzantine cultural and intellectual achievement.
Byzantine commonwealth Byzantine Commonwealth is a term coined by 20th century historians to refer to the area where Byzantine liturgical tradition was spread during the Middle Ages by Byzantine missionaries. This area covers approximately the modern-day countries of Bulgaria, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Russia, Serbia, Romania, Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova and Belarus.
Byzantine complexity Byzantine complexity is a phrase used to refer to anything overly and unnecessarily complex; so complex as to be completely beyond understanding. This term often also connotes that it is not worth understanding.
Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Van Nuys The Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Van Nuys is an eparchy of the Byzantine Catholic Metropolitan Church of Pittsburgh, a sui juris Eastern Rite particular church of the Catholic Church. The eparchy is located in the Western United States; it operates several parishes and missions in the states of Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, and Washington.
Byzantine Catholic Metropolitan Church of Pittsburgh The Byzantine Catholic Metropolia of Pittsburgh is an autonomous Byzantine Rite particular church of the Catholic Church, originally serving members of the Ruthenian Catholic Church and their descendants in the United States, and is to be distinguished from the Latin Rite Diocese of Pittsburgh. The Metropolia itself is composed of the Archeparchy of Pittsburgh (60,200 faithful, 84 parishes, 83 priests) and the Eparchies of Parma (12,401 faithful, 37 parishes, 38 priests), Passaic (24,031 faithful, 89 parishes, 84 priests) and Van Nuys (2,849 faithful, 19 parishes, 25 priests).
Byzantine Catholic Seminary of SS. Cyril and Methodius The Byzantine Catholic Seminary of SS. Cyril and Methodius is a degree-granting school of theology in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania which prepares candidates for priestly ministry to the Byzantine Catholic churches of North America.
Byzantine dress Byzantine dress changed considerably over the thousand years of the Empire, but was essentially conservative. The Byzantines liked colour and pattern, and made and exported very richly patterned cloth, woven and embroidered for the upper classes, and resist-dyed and printed for the lower.
Byzantine gardens Byzantium undoubtedly occupies an important place in the history of garden design. The city, which became Istanbul, was capital of the Eastern Roman Empire and survived for a thousand years after the fall of the Western Roman Empire.
Byzantine Greeks Byzantine Greeks or Byzantines, is a conventional term used by modern historians to refer to the medieval Greek or Hellenized citizens of the Byzantine Empire, centered mainly in Constantinople, the southern Balkans, the Greek islands, the coasts of Asia Minor (modern Turkey) and the large urban centres of the Near East and Northern Egypt. In systems of historiography such as Arnold Toynbee's, where Byzantium is defined as a civilisation rather than a state, the term "Byzantine Greek" is restricted to the inhabitants of the Byzantine Empire, while "Byzantine" can refer to any medieval state of the Orthodox faith (such as Moscovite Russia).
Byzantine law Byzantine Law was essentially a continuation of Roman Law with Christian influence, however, this is not to doubt its later influence on the western practice of jurisprudence. Byzantine Law was effectively devolved into two spheres, Ecclesiastical Law and Secular Law.
Byzantine literature Byzantine literature refers to literature written in the Greek language during the Middle Ages, although certain works written in Latin, like the Corpus Juris Civilis may also be included. Byzantine literature overlaps with Modern Greek literature which begins in the 11th century.
Byzantine medicine Byzantine medicine is a subject largely abandoned by scholars, which drew largely on Ancient Greek and Roman knowledge, tending to compile and standardize works into textbooks, such as Paul of Aegina's compendium. However, late antiquity witnessed a revolution in the medical scene, many sources mention hospitals in passing (although their own history in the Military sense can be drawn back to Imperial Rome), and Constantinople doubtless was the center of such activities in the Middle Ages, owing to its geographical position, wealth and accumulated knowledge.
Byzantine music Byzantine music is the music of the Byzantine Empire (Easterm Roman Empire) and by extension the music of its culture(s) as they continued in the Orthodox Christian parts of the population after the fall of the empire to the rule of the Ottoman Empire.
Byzantine novel Under the Comnenian dynasty, Byzantine writers of twelfth century Constantinople reintroduced the ancient Greek romance novel, imitating its form and time but Christianizing its content. Hence the Byzantine stories are traditional in their plot structure and setting (featuring complex turns of events taking place in the ancient Mediterranean, complete with the ancient gods and beliefs) but are also medieval, clearly belonging to the era of the Crusades as they reflect customs and beliefs of that time.
Byzantine Rite The Byzantine Rite, sometimes called Constantinopolitan, is the liturgical rite used (in various languages) by all the Eastern Orthodox Churches and by several Eastern Rite Catholic Churches. It originated in the city of Constantinople (now Istanbul), which had earlier been called Byzantium.
Byzantine Senate The Byzantine Senate was the nominal continuation of the Roman Senate, established in the 4th century by Constantine I. It survived for centuries but was increasingly irrelevant until its eventual disappearance in the 13th century.
Byzantine-Arab Wars The Byzantine-Arab Wars refers to a series of wars between the Arab and Byzantine Empires. These started during the initial Muslim conquests under the Rashidun and Umayyad caliphs and continued in the form of an enduring border tussle until the beginning of the Crusades.
Byzantine-Bulgarian Wars The Byzantine-Bulgarian Wars were a series of conflicts between the Byzantines and Bulgarians that began when the Bulgars migrated to the Balkan peninsula in the 8th century, and were successful enough to create their own kingdom. The Byzantines and Bulgarians continued to clash over the next century with variable success, until under the Khan Krum the Bulgarians inflicted a series of crushing defeats on the Byzantines.
Byzantine-Seljuk wars The Byzantine-Seljuk wars were a series of decisive battles that shifted the balance of power in Asia Minor from the Byzantine Empire to the Seljuk Turks. Whilst fighting each other, both powers had to content with great civil unrest, particularly following a disaster.
Byzantism Byzantism is a term used by Konstantin Leontiev to describe the type of society which Russia needs to counter the degenerating influence of the West. It comprises authoritative power of the monarch, devout following of the Russian Orthodox Church, the maintenance of obshchina for peasants, and sharp class division.
Byzantium Byzantium, later Constantinople and present-day Istanbul, was an ancient Greek city, which, according to legend, was founded by Greek colonists from Megara in 667 BC and named after their king Byzas or Byzantas (Βύζας or Βύζαντας in Greek). The name "Byzantium" is a Latinization of the original Thracian-Greek name Byzantion (Βυζάντιον; see also List of traditional Greek place names).
Byzantium after Byzantium Byzantium after Byzantium (Bizanţ dupa Bizanţ in Romanian; Byzance après Byzance in French) is a 1935 book by the Romanian historian Nicolae Iorga, which gave its name to a national cultural movement. It refers to the Byzantine imperial influence on the political, social, cultural, and intellectual development of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia.
Byzar 'Byzar is one of the most prolific yet obscure New York City Illbient projects to come from the mid to late 90's. They were regular performers and participants of the Soundlab collective that spawned a unique urban sound and vision.

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