Encyclopedia

Ethiopian calendar The Ethiopian calendar (Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ዘመን አቆጣጠር ) or Ethiopic calendar is the principal calendar used in Ethiopia and is also the liturgical year of the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahdo Church where it is known as the Ge'ez calendar. It is based on the older Alexandrian or Coptic calendar, which is based on the even older Egyptian calendar, but like the Julian calendar, it adds a leap day every four years without exception, and begins the year on August 29 or August 30 in the Julian calendar.
Ethiopian Catholic Church The Ethiopian Catholic Church is a Metropolitan sui iuris Eastern Rite particular Church within the Catholic Church and uses the Ethiopic liturgical rite. Its membership includes inhabitants of Ethiopia and Eritrea.
Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus The Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus (EECMY; also called Mekane Yesus Church) is a Christian denomination in Ethiopia. It was created in 1959 with the merger of Lutheran and other congregations established by missionary work in that country.
Ethiopian general election, 2005 Ethiopia held general elections on May 15, 2005, for seats in both its national and in four regional government councils. Under pressure from the international community, Prime Minister Meles Zenawi promised that this election would be proof that more democracy would come in this multi-ethnic nation; international elections observers from the European Union and the U.
Ethiopian Highlands The Ethiopian Highlands are a rugged mass of mountains in Ethiopia, Eritrea, and northern Somalia (Somaliland) in northeastern Africa. The Ethiopian Highlands form the largest continuous area of its altitude in the whole continent, with little of its surface falling below 1500 m (5000 ft), while the summits reach heights of 4600 m to 4900 m (15,000 to 16,000 ft).
Ethiopian intellectual property office The Ethiopian Intellectual Property Office (EIPO) is a government organ established in 2003 to provide legal protection for intellectual property rights. Under a Director-General the EIPO comprises five core business units and two support units.
Ethiopian Legal Information Website The Ethiopian Legal Information Website is an online database of laws in Ethiopia. It aims to provide the public, researchers, professors, law firms and legal professionals access to the basic laws on the web and other digital formats.
Ethiopian movement The Ethiopian Movement is a religious movement that began in southern Africa towards the end of the 19th century, when two groups broke away from the Anglican and Methodist churches. One of the main reasons for breaking away was that the parent denominations were perceived to be too much under white control, with not enough scope being given to African leadership.
Ethiopian Orthodox Tehadeso Church According to its followers, the Ethiopian Orthodox Tehadeso Church (Amharic የኢትዮጵያ ኦርቶዶክስ ተሃድሶ ቤተክርስትያን) stands to preserve the country's orthodox traditions while believing in the full Gospel of the scripture. Most of its members reside in Oromia Region of Ethiopia, however it has several members (migrants) globally.
Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (in Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ኦርቶዶክስ ተዋሕዶ ቤተክርስትያን Yäityop'ya ortodoks täwahedo bétäkrestyan) is an Oriental Orthodox church in Ethiopia that was part of the Coptic Orthodox Church until 1959, when it was granted its own Patriarch by Coptic Orthodox Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of All Africa Cyril VI.
Ethiopian peoples liberation army The Ethiopian peoples liberation army was involved in the southern Sudan and Ethiopia during the second Sudanese conflict in the 1990s, and participated in the expulsion of Sudanese refugese from Ethiopia back into Sudan, Uganda and Kenya.
Ethiopian police massacre On October 18 2006 an independent report said Ethiopian police massacred 193 protesters, mostly in the capital Addis Ababa, in the violence of June and November following the May 2005 elections. The information was leaked before the official independent report was handed to the parliament.
Ethiopian People's Patriotic Front The Ethiopian People's Patriotic Front (EPPF) is a rebel group in Ethiopia, believed to be operating primarily in the northern Semien (North) Gondar Zone of the Amhara Region and parts of the Gambela Region. On 22 May 2006, at a meeting in Utrecht the EPPF joined the Coalition for Unity and Democracy, the Ogaden National Liberation Front, the Oromo Liberation Front, the Sidama Liberation Front and the United Ethiopian Democratic Forces to form a coalition called the Alliance for Freedom and Democracy.
Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party (EPRP) was a prominent Marxist organization in Ethiopia during the 1970s. It is also known as "Ihapa" from the acronym in Amharic (yäItyop'ya Həzbawi Abyotawi Party የኢትዮጵያ ሕዝባዊ አብዮታዊ ፓርቲ).
Ethiopian Semitic languages Ethiopian Semitic languages (Ethiosemitic for short, or sometimes Ethiopic) is a language group which together with Old South Arabian forms the Western branch of the South Semitic languages. Today, the name Ethiopian Semitic languages can be considered a misnomer as the North languages are also found in Eritrea with two of them being exclusively used there; however, the term came into use before Eritrea had separated from Ethiopia.
Ethiopian Serenaders The Ethiopian Serenaders was a blackface minstrel troupe from the 1840s. Their first major performance was for John Tyler at the White House in 1844 as part of the "Especial Amusement of the President of the United States, His Family and Friends".
Ethiopian Telecommunication Agency The Ethiopian Telecommunication Agency is established to regulate the telecommunication sector of Ethiopia. Its objective is to promote the development of high quality, efficient, reliable and affordable telecommunication services in Ethiopia.
Ethiopian Telecommunications Corporation The Ethiopian Telecommunication Corporation (ETC) is the sole telecommunication service provider in Ethiopia. Based in Addis Ababa, it is the second-largest state-owned company in Ethiopia, the largest being Ethiopian Airlines.
Ethiopian Wolf The Ethiopian Wolf (Canis simensis; Amharic ተኵላ täkʷula, 'wolf', or ቀይ ቀበሮ qey qebero, 'red fox'), also known as the "Abyssinian Wolf", "Red Jackal" or "Fox", "Simen/Simenian/Simian/Simien Fox or Jackal" and "Horse's Jackal" in English.
Ethiopian Zion Coptic Church The Ethiopian Zion Coptic Church is a new religious movement the members of which say it is based on the teachings of Marcus Garvey and which also claims that marijuana is the Christian sacrament. were suspected of smuggling massive amounts of potent cannabis from Jamaica] to [[Miami.
Ethiopian-Somali conflict The Ethiopian-Somali conflict and tension has a background in territorial and political disputes. Animosity between Ethiopia and Somalia dates back a few centuries with wars and conflicts (see Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi).
Ethiopic Ocean The Ethiopic Ocean or Ethiopian Ocean is an older name for what is now called the South Atlantic Ocean, which is separated from the North Atlantic by a narrow region between Natal, Brazil and Monrovia, Liberia. Use of term illustrates a past trend towards referring to the whole continent of Africa by the name Ethiopia as well, as Ethiopia proper is nowhere near the Ethiopic Ocean.
Ethmoidal spine The superior surface of the body of the sphenoid bone (Fig. 145) presents in front a prominent spine, the ethmoidal spine, for articulation with the cribriform plate of the ethmoid; behind this is a smooth surface slightly raised in the middle line, and grooved on either side for the olfactory lobes of the brain.
Ethna Carbery Ethna Carbery was the pseudonym of Anna MacManus, née Johnston, (1866 – 1902), an Irish writer and poet. She is known for some songs, Roddy McCorley (also though the title of a traditional ballad), and Song of Ciabhan, set to music by Ivor Gurney.
Ethnarch Ethnarch refers generally to political leadership over a common ethnic group or heterogeneous kingdom. The word is derived from the Greek words for "nation" and "leader" ("έθνος" and "άρχων").
Ethnic Albania Ethnic Albania is a term used to describe the territory in which the majority or the occupants are Albanians but are under the influence of foreigners. The territory in which ethnic Albania lies is Albania (Shqipria), Kosovo (Kosova), Macedonia (Ilirida), Cameria (part of Greece), and parts of Montenegro (Ulqini etc.
Ethnic bioweapon An ethnic bioweapon aims to harm only or primarily persons of specific ethnicities or genotypes. The viability of ethnic bioweapons is disputed, the biggest obstacles being the diversity of the human genotype and the spectrum of shared alleles across human races.
Ethnic cleansing Ethnic cleansing refers to various policies or practices aimed at the displacement of an ethnic group from a particular territory. The term entered English and international usage in the early 1990s to describe certain events in the former Yugoslavia, with the induced cleansing of Bosniaks ("Bosnian Muslims").
Ethnic cleansing in Croatia Ethnic cleansing in Croatia is a method which was used by Croats several times to change the balance in national composition of Croatia in twentieth century. It went hand in hand with genocide against the Serbs and foibe massacres of the Italians in WWII, but the method was used again in '91-'95 Croatian secession war.
Ethnic communities in Kolkata Kolkata, though comparatively young compared to the Indian city states like Delhi and Hyderabad, has nevertheless been a melting pot for international and Indian communities, even more so than the upscale and cosmopolitan Bombay and Delhi. Expatriate communities include Chinese, Tamil, Marwari, Anglo-Indian, Jewish, Armenian, Tibetan, Greek and Parsi.
Ethnic Cleansing (computer game) Ethnic Cleansing (2002) it is a violent computer game developed by Resistance Records, an underground music label specializing in Neo-Nazi and white supremacist bands. In the game, the protagonist (the player can choose either a skinhead or a Klansman) runs through a ghetto murdering black people, southeast asians, and latinos, before descending into a subway system to exterminate Jews.
Ethnic Communities' Council of New South Wales The Ethnic Communities' Council of NSW (ECC) is the peak body representing many organisations and people from the multicultural community in New South Wales, Australia. Established in 1975, it is run democratically by its members and is governed by its Management and Executive Committees.
Ethnic elite An ethnic elite refers to a ethnic group which in a local context has gained a position of economic and power over that of other groups. Ethnic elites may also foster ideologies and beliefs which serve to sustain their relative power.
Ethnic fractionalization Ethnic fractionalization is the natural process that occurs when individuals from different ethnic groups produce offspring. The children of these two individuals become ethnically fractionalized, meaning that they must explain their ethnicity in fractions.
Ethnic group An ethnic group is a human population whose members identify with each other, usually on the basis of a presumed common genealogy or ancestry (Smith, 1986). Recognition by others as a separate ethnic group, and a specific name for the group, also contribute to defining it.
Ethnic groups in Pakistan About 99% of languages spoken in Pakistan are Indo-Iranian (sub-branches: 75% Indo-Aryan and 24% Iranian), a branch of Indo-European family of languages. Most languages of Pakistan are written in the Perso-Arabic script, with significant vocabulary derived from Arabic and Farsi.
Ethnic groups in the Philippines Ethnic groups in the Philippines identify themselves based on one or several factors like ancestry, language, religion or a shared history. The large majority of the population is composed of lowland groups whose languages are Austronesian, and who had converted to Christianity from animism or Islam in the three centuries of Spanish colonial rule.
Ethnic groups in Thailand Thailand is a multi-ethnic country with many distinct ethnic groups, including the majority Thai/Lao and numerous hill tribes living primarily in the mountains of the north. Together, the Thai and Lao make up approximately 75% of the population.
Ethnic groups of South Asia South Asia, which consists of the nations of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, and the Maldives, is one of the most ethnically diverse regions of the world, with over 1000 ethnic entities with populations ranging from the hundreds of millions to small tribal groups. South Asia has been invaded and settled by many ethnic groups over the centuries including Dravidians, Aryans, Sakas, The amalgamation of Dravidian, Aryan and local tribal cultures over the centuries created common culture, traditions and beliefs.
Ethnic German Ethnic Germans – often simply called Germans – are those who are considered, by themselves or others, to be ethnically German but do not live within the present-day Federal Republic of Germany, nor necessarily hold its citizenship. In English usage, but less often in German, the term may be used for assimilated descendants of German emigrants.
Ethnic hatred Ethnic hatred, inter-ethnic hatred, racial hatred, or ethnic tension refers to sentiments and acts of prejudice and hostility towards an ethnic group in various degrees. See list of anti-ethnic and anti-national terms for specifical cases.
Ethnic Heritage Ensemble The Ethnic Heritage Ensemble was formed shortly after percussionist Kahil El'Zabar graduated from the school of the Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians in 1976. He teamed up with tenor saxophonist Edward Wilkerson, Jr.
Ethnic Channels Group Ethnic Channels Group is a Canadian licensed television broadcaster providing premium programming to Canada's multicultural community. The company broadcasts content catering to various ethnicities from European to Asian to Caribbean.
Ethnic interest groups in the United States Ethnic interest groups in the United States are ethnic interest groups within the United States which seek to influence the foreign policy and, to a lesser extent, the domestic policy of the United States for the benefit of the foreign "ethnic kin" or homeland with whom the respective ethnic groups identity.Ambrosio, Thomas.
Ethnic issues in Finland Finland is one of the most ethnically [countries in Europe, where immigrant]s consitute a small part of [[Finland|Finnish society. Before the 1990s, it was very difficult to immigrate into Finland, and the more exotic immigrants were virtually unknown.
Ethnic Mongols in China Ethnic Mongols in China (Chinese: 蒙古族 Ménggǔzú) are citizens of the People's Republic of China who are ethnic Mongols. They form one of the 55 ethnic minorities officially recognized by the People's Republic of China.
Ethnic nationalism Ethnic nationalism is a form of nationalism wherein the "nation" is defined in terms of ethnicity. Whatever specific ethnicity is involved, ethnic nationalism always includes some element of descent from previous generations.
Ethnic persecution Ethnic persecution or ethnic discrimination refers to persecution or discrimination based on ethnicity. Its meaning is parallel to racism, (based on race) and the relational converse of ethnocentrism, which is the dogmatic praise of one's own ethnic origins.
Ethnic profiling Ethnic profiling is the attempt to use ethnicity as a primary determinant in the characterization of persons considered likely to commit a particular type of crime (see Offender Profiling). Advocates of ethnic profiling wish to use it as a means to single out individuals for special scrutiny and restrictions of their liberty for alleged security and law enforcement purposes.
Ethnic Russian music Ethnic Russian music includes many varieties of folk, popular and classical traditions. Ethnic music is especially associated with classical styles of ballet and opera, of which composers like Mikhail Glinka, Sergei Prokofiev, Sergei Rachmaninoff, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Igor Stravinsky and the members of The Mighty Handful are among the most well-known.
Ethnic Russians in China Ethnic Russians in China (Chinese:äż„ç˝—ć–Żć—Ź) form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. They are the descendants of Russians who settled in China, and hold Chinese rather than Russian citizenship.
Ethnic stereotype An ethnic stereotype is a generalized representation of an ethnic group, composed of what are thought to be typical characteristics of members of the group. The use of ethnic stereotypes is usually demeaning even when the characteristics might be considered positive because it tends to discount the importance and uniqueness of the individual.
Ethnic stereotypes in comics Reflecting the changing political climate, the representation of racial and ethnic minorities in comic books have also evolved over time. This article is intended to document and discuss historical and contemporary racial and ethnic stereotypes in the medium of mainstream comics.
Ethnic stereotypes in popular culture Ethnic stereotypes in popular culture, involve a stereotypical representation of the typical characteristics of a members of an ethnic group in music, literature, print media, film and the performing arts that is often false or over-simplified. Because of the strong influence of the United States on the pop culture industries, many of these stereotypes emerge from North American culture, but many of those are now widely seen in the pop culture of other nations.
Ethnic studies Ethnic studies is an academic discipline dedicated to the study of ethnicity. It evolved in the second half of the 20th century partly in response to charges that traditional disciplines such as anthropology, history, English, ethnology, Asian Studies, and orientalism were imbued with an inherently eurocentric perspective.
Ethnic Studies Library The Ethnic Studies Library is a library at University of California, Berkeley maintained under the auspices of its ethnic studies department. It comprises four main collections: the Asian American Studies Collection, the Chicano Studies Collection, the Native American Studies Collection, and the Comparative Ethnic Studies Collection.
Ethnic Swazi music The Swazi are an ethnic group split between South Africa and Swaziland. The Swazis in South Africa became a major part of South African music, though they were not identified as Swazi musicians, but rather as South African musicians; these included Zakes Nkosi, who began in the 1940s as a jazz musician instruments==
Ethnic violence Ethnic violence (also known as ethnic terrorism or ethnically-motivated terrorism) refers to violence that is predominantly motivated by causes and issues related to ethnic hatred. Ethnic violence is related to political violence, and often the terms are interchangeable in a local context where reference to ethnicity is considered minimal or improper.
Ethnic war An ethnic war or ethnic conflict is a war between ethnic groups often as a result of ethnic nationalism. They are of interest because of the apparent prevalence in the aftermath of the Cold War and because they frequently result in war crimes such as genocide.
Ethnician Ethnician is the band formed by Yvo Abadi (Percussion/Drums), Miguel Saboga (vocals and Percussion), Igor Nikitinsky, Garbis Baharian (Samplers) of Dirty District. their music falls into the category of World Music, Dub and Drum and Bass but also goes into Metal, Reggae and Dance styles also.
Ethnicity and football Ethnicity and football is a description of the global acceptance of the sport of Association Football, with players from many different races and countries participating. While football has moved around the world from its roots in England during the 18th century, the progress of non-European players has been seen to be difficult, with racism a continuing problem in many different countries.
Ethniki Amyna station Ethniki Amyna (Εθνική Άμυνα) is an Attiko Metro Blue Line (Line 3) station, situated close to the Hellenic Ministry of Defence (Υπουργείο Εθνικής Αμύνης), and the Hellenic Ministry of Transportation and Communications. When the Metro first opened, it served as the terminal station for all trains to that direction ("Syntagma" station, being the other end of the line at the time).
Ethniki kai Koinoniki Apeleftherosis Ethniki Kai Koinoniki Apeleftherosis (Greek Εθνική και Κοινωνική Απελευθέρωσις or Απελευθέρωση, "National and Social Liberation"), also known by its initials EKKA, was the Greek resistance movement founded by Dimitrios Psarros during World War II, to combat the Germans.
Ethniko Apeleftherotiko Metopo The Ethniko Apeleftherotiko Metopo (EAM) (Greek Εθνικό Απελευθερωτικό Μέτωπο (ΕΑΜ), "National Liberation Front") was the main resistance movement in Greece during World War II. It was founded in 27 September 1941 by representatives of four left-wing parties : Lefteris Apostolou for the Communist Party of Greece (KKE), Christos Chomenidis, for the Socialist Party of Greece (ΣΚΕ), Ilias Tsirimokos, for the Greek Popular Republic (ΕΛΔ) and Apostolos Voyiatzis for the Agricultural Party of Greece (ΑΚΕ) against the Nazi occupation.
Ethniko Laiko Apeleftherotiko Naftiko The Ethniko Laiko Apeleftherotiko Naftiko (Greek Εθνικός Λαϊκός Απελευθερωτικός Νάυτικο (ΕΛΑΝ) "National Popular Liberation Navy") was the navy of the communist resistance army, ELAS, during World War II, and later during the Greek Civil War.
Ethnikos Dimokratikos Ellinikos Syndesmos Ethnikos Dimokratikos Ellinikos Syndesmos (Greek Εθνικός Δημοκρατικός Ελληνικός Σύνδεσμος, "Greek National Democratic Union", abbreviated EDES) was a World War II Greek resistance movement. Its core leadership were anti-communist, Venizelist, republicans, in contrast to the larger communist-affiliated Ethnikos Laikos Apeleftherotikos Stratos (ELAS) and its sister group, the non-military Ethniko Apeleftherotiko Metopo (ΕΑΜ).
Ethno jazz Apart from other definitions of Ethno Music (such as Ethno Rock, Ethno Jazz, etc. in Wicke/Ziegenrücke, Handbuch der populären Musik, 2001 - "Handbook of Popular Music"), which means popular music and jazz from outside the industrialised world, and the marketing of such music, particularly in the industrialised world, the following should be noted:
Ethno-telephony Ethno-telephony is a technique in cultural geography which involves mapping terms from telephone directories. The technique was invented in 1941 by Peveril Meigs III who mapped the frequency of French surnames in Louisiana in an attempt to create a quantitative description of the spacial distribution of Acadian culture.
Ethnoambient Ethnoambient (Ethno ambient) is a type of music that draws heavily from acoustic ethnic music - both in musical structure and instrumentation, electric world music, and combines those influences with ambient music related to texture, technological manipulations, and field recordings. Ethno ambient is related in spirit to techno tribal, ethno techno, and especially to "Fourth World" music and "ambient" music, launched in the late 1970's by Jon Hassell and Brian Eno, respectively.
Ethnoarchaeology Ethnoarchaeology is the ethnographic study of peoples for archaeological reasons, usually focusing on the material remains of a society, rather than its culture. Ethnoarchaeology aids archaeologists in reconstructing ancient lifeways by studying the material and non-material traditions of modern societies.
Ethnobiology Ethnobiology is the study of the past and present interrelationships between human cultures and the plants, animals, and other organisms in their environment, including relationships with ecosystems as a whole. It is an interdisciplinary subject which draws on knowledge from many different fields of knowledge such as linguistics, anthropology, biology, chemistry.
Ethnocentric fallacy Ethnocentric fallacy - the belief that the behavior and beliefs of those in other cultures can be judged from the perspective of one's own culture, thus suggesting that one's own culture is superior to the other.
Ethnocentrism Ethnocentrism or ethnocentricity is the tendency to look at the world primarily from the perspective of one's own culture. This term was coined by William Graham Sumner, a social evolutionist and professor of Political and Social Science at Yale University.
Ethnocide Ethnocide is a concept related to genocide; unlike genocide, which has entered into international law, ethnocide remains primarily the province of ethnologists, who have not yet settled on a single cohesive meaning for the term.
Ethnocracy Ethnocracy, also known as an ethnic democracy, is a form of government where representatives of a particular ethnic group(s) hold a number of government posts disproportionately large to the percentage of the total population that the particular ethnic group(s) represents and use them to advance the position of their particular ethnic group(s) to the detriment of others. The minority ethnic groups are systematically discriminated against by the state and may face repressions or violations of human rights at the hands of state organs.
Ethnoecology Ethnoecology is the study of the way different groups of people in different locations understand their environment and their relationship within it. It seeks to understand how we as humans have interacted with the environment and how these intricate relationships have been sustained over time.
Ethnogeology Ethnogeology is the study of how geological features were understood by ancient peoples around the globe in specific reference to traditional knowledge and to the stories and ideas passed down. The focus in past research tends to be on the unique ideas and knowledge of minorities and distinct cultural groups, and less on universal and cross cultural knowledge discovered by humanity as a whole.
Ethnographic Museum (Belgrade) The Ethnographic Museum (Serbian Cyrillic: Етнографски Mузеј / Etnografski Muzej) in Belgrade, Serbia is one of the most recognised in the region. The museum has an array of exhibitions but permanent exhibition (is the most famous having 3 levels of items such as jewellery, Serbian customs, Serbian folk costume, Serbian national architecture, Serbian economy, cattle breeding, Serbian transportation and many other historic items related to Serbian culture.
Ethnographic realism Within the field of anthropology and other social sciences, ethnography is a genre of writing used to describe human social and cultural interactions. Ethnographic realism is a style of ethnographic writing that narrates the author's experiences and observations as if the reader was witnessing or experiencing events first hand.
Ethnography Ethnography (from the Greek ethnos = people and graphein = writing) refers to the genre of writing that presents varying degrees of qualitative and quantitative descriptions of human social phenomena, based on fieldwork. Ethnography presents the results of a holistic research method founded on the idea that a system's properties cannot necessarily be accurately understood independently of each other.
Ethnography Museum of Ankara The Ethnography Museum of Ankara is located on on the site of a Muslim cemetery on a hill in Namazgah, Ankara, Turkey. The hill was granted to Ministry of National Education in order to be built as museum according to Decree of Cabinet of Ministers dated November 15, 1925 by General Directorate of Charity Foundations.
Ethnochoreology Ethnochoreology is the study of dance through the application of a number of disciplines such as Anthropology, Musicology, Ethnography, etc. The word, itself, is relatively recent and means, literally, “the study of folk dance”, as opposed to, say, the formalized entertainment of classical ballet.
Ethnolichenology Ethnolichenology is the study of the relationship between lichens and people. Lichens have and are being used for many different purposes by human cultures on every continent, with the possible exception of Australia.
Ethnological Society of London The Ethnological Society of London was founded in 1843 by a breakaway faction of the Aborigines' Protection Society (APS). It quickly became one of England's leading scientific societies, and a meeting-place not only for students of ethnology but also for archaeologists interested in prehistoric societies.
Ethnologue Ethnologue: Languages of the World is a web and print publication of SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics), a Christian linguistic service organization which studies lesser-known languages primarily to provide the speakers with Bibles in their native language.
Ethnologue list of most spoken languages This list gives the most spoken languages in the world according to the Ethnologue, a widely cited reference for languages around the world. The Ethnologue is sometimes criticised for using out-of-date data, but there is no available fully authoritative source for numbers of first language speakers which uses the same criteria for counting in each case.
Ethnology Ethnology (Greek ethnos: people) is a genre of anthropological study, involving the systematic comparison of the folklore, beliefs and practices of different societies. Compared to ethnography, the study of single groups through direct contact with the culture, ethnology takes the research that ethnographers have compiled and then compares and contrasts different cultures.
Ethnomathematics Ethnomathematics is the study of mathematics that considers the culture in which mathematics arises. It especially focuses on the mathematics that is part of general culture, rather than formal, academic mathematics, though some ethnomathematicians study formal mathematics as an artifact of a particular culture or cultures.
Ethnomethodology Ethnomethodology (literally, 'the study of people's (folk) methods') is a sociological discipline which focuses on the ways in which people make sense of their world, display this understanding to others, and produce the mutually shared social order in which they live. The term was initially coined by Harold Garfinkel in the 1960s.
Ethnomusicology Ethnomusicology (from the Greek ethnos = nation and mousike = music), formerly comparative musicology, is the study of music in its cultural context, cultural musicology. It can be considered the anthropology or ethnography of music.
Ethnomycology Ethnomycology is the study of the historical uses and sociological impact of fungi, and can be considered a subfield of ethnobotany or ethnobiology. The term "ethnomycology" is often used in the context of the study of psychoactive mushrooms such as psilocybin-containing mushrooms or Amanita muscaria.
Ethnoornithology Ethnoornithology (also ethno-ornithology) is the study of the relationship between people and birds (from "ethno-" - relating to people and culture - and "ornithology" - the study of birds). It is a branch of ethnozoology and so of the wider field of ethnobiology.
Ethnopoetics Ethnopoetics is the study of folk poetry traditions. Typically it has been undertaken as studies of folk poetry of non-western, often indigenous peoples, even though the term could be applied to the study of all folk poetries.
Ethnopolitics Ethnopolitics, formerly known as Global Review of Ethnopolitics, is a peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on the intersection of ethnic groups and politics. It was established in the United Kingdom by the Political Studies Association.
Ethnotaxonomy The term ethnotaxonomy refers either to that subdiscipline within ethnology which studies the taxonomic systems defined and used by individual ethnic groups, or to the operative individual taxonomy itself, which is the object of the ethnologist's immediate study.
Ethnoveterinary medicine Many non-Western traditions of veterinary medicine exist, such as acupuncture and herbal medicine in China, Tibetan veterinary medicine, Ayurveda in India, etc. These traditions have written records that go back thousands of years, for example the Jewish sources in the Old Testament and Talamud and the Sri Lankans 400-year-old palm-leaf frond records of veterinary treatments (Hadani and Shimshony, 1994).
Ethocybin Ethocybin (also known as CEY-39 and 4-phosphoraloxy-DET) is a homologue of the mushroom alkaloid psilocybin, and a semi-synthetic psychedelic alkaloid of the tryptamine family. Effects of ethocybin are comparable to those of a shorter LSD or psilocybin, although intensity and duration vary depending on dosage, individual physiology, and set and setting.
Ethogram In ethology, an ethogram is a catalogue of the discrete behaviors typically employed by a species. These behaviors are sufficiently stereotyped that an observer may record the number of such acts, or the amount of time engaged in the behaviours in a time budget.
Ethon In Greek mythology, Ethon or The Eagle Kaukasios was a gigantic eagle born of the monsters Typhon and Echidna. As punishment for stealing fire from Mount Olympus, Zeus had Prometheus chained to Mount Caucasus, where Ethon was set to gnaw on his liver.
Ethonomics Ethonomics is the provisional name for the discipline of formally mapping and defining the prioritization of values within value systems, with the intent of understanding differences between seemingly disparate value systems, the people who hold those value systems, and the decisions they make based on those value systems. The intent is also to provide a mechanism for resolving conflicts between value systems through rational analysis.

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