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Fetch-and-add
In computer science, the fetch-and-add CPU instruction is a special instruction that atomically modifies the contents of a memory location. In the x86 architecture, the instuction ADD with the first operand specifying a memory location is a fetch-and-add instruction that has been there since the 8086 (it just wasn't called that then), and with the LOCK prefix, is atomic across multiple processors.
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