Encyclopedia

Gross Indecency: The Three Trials of Oscar Wilde Gross Indecency: The Three Trials of Oscar Wilde is a 1997 play written by Moisés Kaufman. It deals with Oscar Wilde's three trials on the matter of his relationship with Lord Alfred Douglas, which lead to charges of "committing acts of gross indecency with other male persons".
Gross leasable area Gross leasable area (GLA) in the retail development industry is term applied to shopping malls, lifestyle centers, outlet malls and other retail centers to indicate the amount of floor space available to be rented. Specifically, gross leasable area is defined as the total floor area designed for tenant occupancy and exclusive use, including any basements, mezzanines, or upper floors.
Gross metropolitan product A metropolitan area's gross domestic product, or GMP, is one of several measures of the size of its economy. Similar to GDP, GMP is defined as the market value of all final goods and services produced within a metropolitan area in a given period of time.
Gross motor skill The term gross motor skills refers to the abilities usually acquired through infancy to early childhood as part of the child's motor development. By the time they reach 2 years of age, almost all children are able to stand up, walk and run, walk up stairs etc.
Gross out Gross out describes a celebrated movement in art (often comic), which subversively aims to shock the audience with controversial material including toilet humour, nudity, and darkly twisted League of Gentlemen-style plot lines, usually serving the purpose of popular entertainment, though sometimes a vehicle of satirical social comment.
Gross Output Gross Output is an economic concept used in national accounts such as the United Nations System of National Accounts (UNSNA) and the US National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA). It is equal to the value of net output or GDP (also known as gross value added) plus intermediate consumption.
Gross premiums written When a non-life insurance company closes a contract to provide insurance against loss, the revenues (premiums) expected to be received over the life of the contract are called gross premiums written. Insurance companies often purchase reinsurance to protect themselves against the risk of a loss above a certain threshold; the cost of reinsurance (reinsurance premiums) is deducted from gross premiums written to arrive at net premiums written.
Gross primary production Primary production is the fixation of light energy into chemical compounds (the construction of sugars from CO2 and water; photosynthesis). Gross primary production then refers to the total amount of energy fixed by plants (the primary producers).
Gross profit Gross profit or sales profit or gross operating profit is the difference between revenue and the cost of making a product or providing a service, before deducting overheads, payroll, taxation, and interest payments.
Gross Primary Productivity The Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) of an ecosystem is the rate at which it accumulates biomass, including the energy it uses for the process of respiration. Thus it measures the total consumption of energy of the ecosystem.
Gross realm In esoteric, emanationist, and integral thought, the Gross realm or Gross Reality consititutes the end link of the chain of emanation. It is usually associated or identified with matter, objective physical reality and the world of the senses.
Gross Rent Multiplier Gross Rent Multiplier is the ratio of the price of a piece of a real estate investment to its annual rental income before expenses such as property taxes, insurance, and even utilities for vacation rental properties. Other expenses could include the cost of hiring a property management company.
Gross spread Gross spread refers to the fees that underwriters receive for arranging and underwriting an offering of debt or equity securities. The gross spread for an initial public offering (IPO) can be as high as 7%, while the gross spread on a debt offering can be as low as 0.
Gross trailer weight rating Gross trailer weight rating (GTWR) is the total weight of a trailer that is loaded to capacity, including the weight of the trailer itself, plus fluids, and cargo. The static tongue load, the weight of the trailer as measured at the trailer coupling, is 10-15% of the GTWR.
Gross up clause A gross up clause is a provision in a contract which provides that all payments must be made in the full amount, free of any deductions or withholdings, and without exercising any right of set-off. The provision will usually indicate that if there is a mandatory withholding or deduction by operation of law (usually with respect to tax), then the paying party shall "gross up" the payment so that the receiving party receives the same net amount.
Gross vehicle mass A Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM) is the maximum allowable total mass of a fully loaded motor vehicle, consisting of the tare mass (mass of the vehicle) plus the load (including passengers). The term is also occasionally used for trains
Gross vehicle weight rating A gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) is the maximum allowable total weight of a road vehicle that is loaded to capacity, including the weight of the vehicle itself plus fuel, passengers, cargo, and other miscellaneous items such as extra aftermarket parts. In the United States, two important GVWR numbers are 6,000 pounds (2,721 kg) and 8,500 pounds (3,856 kg).
Gross world product per capita The gross world per-capita in 2000 was approximately $7,200. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), in their Third Assessment Report (TAR), predicts a maximum gross world per-capita in 2100 of approximately $140,000 (in year 2000 dollars).
Gross-out film Gross-out films form a sub-genre of comedy movies in which the producers aim to "gross out" their audience with disgusting and disturbing material, such as sexual or "toilet" humor. Since the abolition of the Production Code and its replacement with the MPAA film rating system in the late 1960s, some filmmakers began to experiment with vulgar humor.
Gross-Pitaevskii equation The Gross-Pitaevskii equation is a nonlinear model equation for the order parameter or wavefunction of a Bose-Einstein condensate. It is similar in form to the Ginzburg-Landau equation and is sometimes referred to as a nonlinear Schrödinger equation.
Gross-Rosen concentration camp KL Gross-Rosen (GroĂź-Rosen) was a German concentration camp, located in Gross-Rosen, Lower Silesia (now RogoĹşnica, Poland). It was located directly on the rail line between Jauer (now Jawor) and Striegau (now Strzegom).
Gross-Wien Gross-Wien op. 440 is a waltz by Johann Strauss II written in 1891 and was a choral waltz for the Wiener Männergesang-Verein (Vienna Men's Choral Association) during the Vienna Fasching (Carnival) of the same year.
Grosse Ile Toll Bridge The Grosse Ile Toll Bridge is a swing bridge that crosses the Trenton Channel of the Detroit River connecting Grosse Ile Township, Michigan to the mainland in Riverview, Michigan which is located in Wayne County, Michigan.
Grosse Pointe (TV series) Grosse Pointe was an American television sitcom which aired on the WB Network during the 2000-2001 television season. Created by Darren Star, it was a satire depicting the behind-the-scenes drama on the set of a television show, and was inspired in large part by Star's experiences as the creator and producer of the nighttime soap Beverly Hills, 90210.
Grosse Pointe South High School Grosse Pointe South High School is one of two public high schools located in the Grosse Pointes, suburbs of Detroit, Michigan. The first public high school in the area, Grosse Pointe South was later joined by Grosse Pointe North High School in 1968.
Grosses messer A groĂźes Messer (meaning great knife or large knife, also called Langmesser or Hiebmesser) was a type of German single-edged weapon, similar to a falchion, that was used during the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries. groĂźes Messer, or simply Messer, was the term used in the 15th century, and the weapon in the 16th-century evolved into a type of wooden training weapon known as a Dussack.
Grosses vollständiges Universal-Lexicon The Grosses vollständiges Universal-Lexicon aller Wissenschafften und Künste ("Great Complete Encyclopaedia of all Sciences and Arts") is a 68-volume German encyclopedia published by Johann Heinrich Zedler between 1732 and 1754. It was the first encyclopaedia to include biographies of living people.
Grosshans subgroup In mathematics, in the representation theory of algebraic groups, an algebraic subgroup of an algebraic group is termed a Grosshans subgroup if it is an observable subgroup and the ring of functions on the quotient variety is finitely generated.
Grosskrotzenburg Power Station Grosskrotzenburg Power Station ( Grosskrotzenburg Staudinger Power Station) is a German, predominantly steam power plant beaconed with hard coal. It is convenient with Grosskrotzenburg in the Land of the Federal Republic Hessen.
GrossmĂĽnster The GrossmĂĽnster ("great minster") is an important Romanesque-style church in the history of the protestant reformation and one of the three major churches of ZĂĽrich, the others being the FraumĂĽnster and St. Peter.
Grossmont High School Grossmont High School is the oldest high school in San Diego’s East County. Its mascot is the Foothiller, so chosen because, at the time of the school’s construction, East County was much more isolated from the rest of San Diego than it is today and was often referred to as “the boondocks” or “the foothills.
Grossmont Union High School District The Grossmont Union High School District (GUHSD) is a public school district located in eastern San Diego County, California, and serves high school, adult school, and Regional Occupational Program (ROP) students in the cities of El Cajon, La Mesa, Lemon Grove, and Santee; and the unincorporated communities of Alpine, Casa de Oro, Crest, Dehesa, Dulzura, Jamul, Lakeside, Mount Helix, Rancho San Diego, and Spring Valley.
Grossolano Grossolanus, Grossolano, or Grosolano, born Peter, was the Archbishop of Milan from 1102 to 1112. He succeeded Anselm IV, who had made him vicar during his absence on the Crusade of 1101, and was succeeded by Jordan, who had been his subdeacon.
Grossology Grossology (ISBN 0-201-40964-X) is a non-fiction children’s book written by Sylvia Branzei and published by Planet Dexter in 1995. It is a frank, thorough, yet light-hearted examination of various unappealing bodily functions and medical conditions.
Grossular Grossular or Grossularite is a calcium-aluminium garnet with the formula Ca3Al2(SiO4)3,Gemological Institute of America, GIA Gem Reference Guide 1995, ISBN:0-87311-019-6 though the calcium may in part be replaced by ferrous iron and the aluminium by ferric iron. The name grossularite is derived from the botanical name for the gooseberry, grossularia, in reference to the green garnet of this composition that is found in Siberia.
Grosswojwod Grosswojwod (great voivod, great duke) is the German version, official under the Habsburg monarchy in the case of the present Serbian autonomous region Vojvodina, of an original Slavonic (more precisely, Serbo-Croatian) title of the comparative semantic model (see Great King), augmenting the far more common Slavonic family of princely titles (including Wojwod) discussed in the Voivod article.
Grosvenor Arch Grosvenor Arch is a unique sandstone double arch located in southern Utah. It is named to honor Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor (1875-1966), a president of the National Geographic Society, publishers of the National Geographic Magazine.
Grosvenor Bridge (Chester) The Grosvenor Bridge is a single-span arch road bridge which crosses the River Dee at Chester in England. The bridge was designed by Thomas Harrison, and was opened by Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld on 17 October 1832, although it was not open to traffic until November 1833.
Grosvenor gambit In the game of bridge, a 'Grosvenor gambit' or 'Grosvenor Coup' is a psychological play, usually made by a defender, in which declarer is purposely given the chance to gain one or more tricks, or sometimes even to make his contract, but to do so he must play for his opponents to have made an illogical play.
Grosvenor House Hotel The Grosvenor House Hotel is one of the largest and most famous luxury hotels in London. It was built in the 1920s on the site of the former London residence of the Dukes of Westminster, whose family name is Grosvenor.
Grosvenor Square Grosvenor Square (pronounced "Grove-nuh Square") is a large garden square in the exclusive Mayfair district of London. It is the centrepiece of the Mayfair property of the Dukes of Westminster, and takes its name from their surname, "Grosvenor".
Grot-Rowecki The Grot-Rowecki is a freighter which collided with the French chemical tanker Ece in the English Channel on January 31 2006, leading to the sinking of the tanker, and the release of 10000 tonnes of phosphoric acid into the channel. It is named after Stefan Grot-Rowecki, a Polish general in the Second World War.
Grotbags Grotbags is the name of a fictional witch who is a popular fixture on British children's television. A character sculpted very much in the mould of the traditional pantomime villain, Grotbags has always been played by actress and singer Carole Lee Scott in a costume comprising distinctive vivid green make-up and a witch's cape and hat.
Grote Hollandse Waard The Grote Waard or Zuid-Hollandse Waard was a farming region between Zuid-Holland and Brabant, that disappeared in the Sint-Elisabethsvloed (1421). Parts of this polder are now separated by water: Hoekse Waard, Eiland van Dordrecht, the Biesbosch, and parts of Noord-Brabant.
Grote Mandrenke The Grote Mandrenke (Dutch: "Great Drowning of Men") was the name of a massive southwesterly Atlantic gale, (see also European windstorm), which swept across England, the Netherlands, northern Germany and Schleswig around January 16 1362, causing at minimum 25,000 deaths.
Grote Reber Grote Reber (December 22, 1911 – December 20, 2002) was one of the pioneers of radio astronomy. He was instrumental in repeating Karl Jansky's pioneering but somewhat simple work, and conducted the first sky survey in the radio frequencies.
Grote Spectrum Encyclopedie The Grote Spectrum Encyclopedie ("Great Spectrum Encyclopedia") (published by Uitgeverij het Spectrum, Utrecht between 1974 en 1980) is a Dutch encyclopedia which treats subjects in 5000 large and comprehensive articles (like the Encyclopaedia Britannica) with a clear accent on the social sciences. The encyclopedia is functionally illustated en consists of 20 volumes A-Z, and four index volumes with references to lemmas within the treated subjects.
Grotesque When commonly used in conversation, grotesque means strange, fantastic, ugly or bizarre, and thus is often used to describe weird shapes and distorted forms such as Halloween masks or gargoyles on churches. More specifically, the grotesque forms on buildings which are not used as drainspouts should not be called gargoyles, but rather referred to simply as grotesques, or chimeras.
Grotesque (chess) In chess, a grotesque is a problem or endgame study which features a particularly unlikely initial position, especially one in which White fights with a very small force against a much larger black army. Grotesques are generally intended to be humorous.
Grotesque (The X-Files) "Grotesque" is the fourteenth episode of the third season of The X-Files. Agents Mulder and Scully join Mulder's former mentor, the FBI's chief profiler, on a case involving a serial killer who claims to be possessed by a demonic force.
Grothendieck group In mathematics, the Grothendieck group construction in abstract algebra constructs an abelian group from a commutative monoid in the best possible way. It takes its name from the more general construction in category theory, introduced by Alexander Grothendieck in his fundamental work of the mid-1950s that resulted in the development of K-theory.
Grothendieck spectral sequence In mathematics, in the field of homological algebra, the Grothendieck spectral sequence is a technique that allows one to compute the derived functors of the composition of two functors Gcirc F, from knowledge of the derived functors of F and G.
Grothendieck topology In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a Grothendieck topology is a structure on a category C which makes the objects of C act like the open sets of a topological space. Grothendieck topologies axiomatize the notion of an open cover.
Grothendieck's Galois theory In mathematics, Grothendieck's Galois theory is a highly abstract approach to the Galois theory of fields, developed around 1960 to provide a way to study the fundamental group of algebraic topology in the setting of algebraic geometry. It provides, in the classical setting of field theory, an alternative perspective to that of Emil Artin, whose treatment from about 1930 became standard.
Grothendieck's relative point of view Grothendieck's relative point of view is a heuristic applied in certain abstract mathematical situations, with a rough meaning of taking for consideration families of 'objects' explicitly depending on parameters, as the basic field of study, rather than a single such object. It is named for Alexander Grothendieck, who made extensive use of it in treating foundational aspects of algebraic geometry.
Grothendieck's Séminaire de géométrie algébrique In mathematics, Alexander Grothendieck's Séminaire de géométrie algébrique was a unique phenomenon of research and publication outside of the main mathematical journals, reporting on work done starting from 1960 and centred on the IHÉS near Paris (the official title was the seminar of Bois Marie, the small wood on the estate in Bures-sur-Yvette where the IHÉS is located). The seminar notes were eventually published in twelve volumes, almost all in the Springer Lecture Notes in Mathematics series.
Grothendieck–Hirzebruch–Riemann–Roch theorem In mathematics, specifically in algebraic geometry, the Grothendieck–Riemann–Roch theorem is a far-reaching result on coherent cohomology. It is a generalisation of the Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch theorem, about complex manifolds, which is itself a generalisation of the classical Riemann-Roch theorem for line bundles on compact Riemann surfaces.
Grothendieck–Katz p-curvature conjecture In mathematics, the Grothendieck–Katz p-curvature conjecture is a problem on linear ordinary differential equations, related to differential Galois theory and in a loose sense analogous to the result in the Chebotarev density theorem considered as the polynomial case. It is a conjecture of Alexander Grothendieck from the late 1960s, and apparently not published by him in any form; it has been publicised, reformulated and in some cases related to deformation theory proved by Nick Katz in a series of papers.
Groton Long Point Yacht Club Groton Long Point Yacht Club (GLPYC) was charted in 1934 in the burgeoning beach community of Groton Long Point, Connecticut and remains active today. Functioning during the summer as something akin to a summer camp, the Yacht Club runs classes in sailing (Blue Jays, Optimists, Sea Shells, Lasers and A-Boats), swimming, tennis and sports.
Groton School Groton School is a private, Episcopal, college preparatory boarding school located in Groton, Massachusetts. It enrolls approximately 350 boys and girls, from the eighth (IInd Form) through twelfth grades (VIth Form).
Grotrian (crater) Grotrain is a lunar impact crater that is located on the southern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. It lies to the north of the huge Schrödinger walled-basin, within the radius of that formation's outer blanket of ejecta.
Grotta di Cocceio Grotta di Cocceio, also known as the Cocceius Tunnel, is a straight-line subterranean gallery nearly a kilometer in length connecting Lake Avernus with Cumae north of Naples, Italy. It was burrowed clean through the tufa stone of Monte Grillo from 38-36 BCE.
Grotta Gigante Grotta Gigante also known as Riesengrotte or as Grotta di Brisciachi, is a giant cave on the Italian side of the Trieste Karst. Its central cavern is 107m high, 65m wide and 160m long putting it in the 1995 Guinness Book of Records as the world's largest tourist cave.
Grottasöngr Gróttasöngr or the Song of Grótti is an Old Norse poem, sometimes counted among the poems of the Poetic Edda. The poem is preserved in one of the manuscripts of Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda along with a myth explaining its context.
Grotten Grotten (Norwegian for The Grotto), is an honorary residence owned by the Norwegian state. It is located on the premises of the Royal Palace in the city centre of Oslo, and given as a permanent residence to a person specifically bestowed this honour by the King of Norway.
Grotthuss mechanism The Grotthuss Mechanism is the mechanism by which an 'excess' proton or protonic defect diffuses through the hydrogen bond network of water molecules or other hydrogen bonded liquids through the formation/cleavage of covalent bonds.
Grotthuss-Draper law The Grotthuss-Draper law (also called Principle of Photochemical Activation) states that only that light which is absorbed by a system can bring about a photochemical change. It was first proposed in 1874 by Theodor Grotthuss and John W.
Grotto A Grotto (Italian grotta) is any type of natural or artificial cave that is associated with modern, historic or prehistoric use by humans. When it is not an artificial garden feature, a grotto is often a small cave near water and often flooded or liable to flood at high tide.
Grotto of the Redemption The Grotto of the Redemption is a private park located in West Bend, Iowa. A conglomeration of nine grottos depicting scenes in life of Jesus, the Grotto contains a large collection of minerals and petrifications and claims to be the largest grotto in the world.
Groudle Glen Railway The Groudle Glen Railway is a narrow gauge railway, built in the late Victorian era in response to increasing demand for transportation down Groudle Glen brought on by the introduction of the Manx Electric Railway. The headland was developed, with a zoo being created and the railway being built.
Groucho Club The Groucho Club is a well-known private arts and media club in Dean Street, Soho, London, England that opened in 1985 as "the antidote to the traditional club." In this spirit, the club was named for Groucho Marx because of his famous remark that he would not wish to join any club that would have him as a member.
Groucho glasses Groucho glasses are a novelty disguise that caricature Groucho Marx. Typically consisting of black horn-rimmed glasses with attached eyebrows, large plastic nose, and bushy moustache, Groucho glasses were first retailed in the 1940s.
Ground attack aircraft A ground-attack aircraft is an aircraft that is designed to operate in direct support of ground forces such as infantry, tanks and other fighting vehicles. Their use is therefore tactical rather than strategic, operating at the front of the battle rather than against targets deeper in the enemy's rear.
Ground blizzard Ground blizzard refers to a weather condition where loose snow or ice on the ground is lifted and blown by strong winds. The primary difference between a ground blizzard as opposed to a regular blizzard is that in a ground blizzard no precipitation is produced at the time, but rather all the precipitation is already present in the form of snow or ice at the surface of the earth.
Ground bounce In electronic engineering, ground bounce is a phenomenon associated with transistor switching where the gate voltage can appear to be less than the local ground potential, causing the unstable operation of a logic gate.
Ground bracelet A ground bracelet or grounding strap is a device that helps prevent the build-up of static electricity in a human body. The bracelet or strap is worn around one wrist (usually left for right-handed individuals, right for left-handed individuals), with the other end of the strap connected to a grounded object.
Ground burst A groundburst is when an air-dropped bomb explodes after hitting the ground. These weapons are set off by trigger mechanisms (fuses) that are activated when the bomb strikes the ground or something equally hard, such as a concrete building.
Ground control Ground control is an informal term which depending on context could refer to either air traffic control, in charge of the controlled areas on an airport, or a mission control center such as the one at Johnson Space Center, responsible for spaceflight. Ground Control is also the name of a computer game by Massive Entertainment.
Ground control station A ground control station (GCS) is a land- or sea-based control center that provides the facilities for human control of unmanned vehicles in the air or in space. A GCS could be used to control unmanned aerial vehicles or rockets within or above the atmosphere.
Ground Control Ground Control is a 2000 real-time tactics computer game developed by Massive Entertainment and was at the time a forerunner in its genre, winning many industry awards. It features 3D graphics and a free-floating camera which allows one to zoom in and out and view the action from any angle, from a bird's-eye view to the perspective of one's own assault units at ground level.
Ground Control II: Operation Exodus Ground Control II: Operation Exodus is a 2004 computer game developed by Massive Entertainment and by them classified as a real-time tactics game. (Massive Entertainment's Henrik Sebring, lead developer for Ground Control II: Operation Exodus, describes the game as real-time tactics) It is a sequel to Ground Control, the award winning game of the same genre.
Ground Control series Ground Control is a series of games of real-time tactical video games developed for Microsoft Windows based PCs by Massive Entertainment. The series is popular for its focus on strategy and lack of resource management found in most real-time strategy games.
Ground effect The term Wing In Ground effect (sometimes misleadingly referred to simply as Ground effect - this being a generic term describing all aerodynamic effects due to a flying body's proximity to the groundSee also vortex ring) refers to the increase in lift experienced by an aircraft as it approaches within roughly 1/4 of a wingspan's length of the ground or other level surface (such as the sea). It can present a hazard for inexperienced pilots who are not accustomed to correcting for it on their approach to landing, but it has also been used to effectively enhance the performance of certain kinds of aircraft whose planform has been adapted to take advantage of it, such as the Russian ekranoplans.
Ground effect vehicle A Ground effect vehicle (GEV) is a vehicle that takes advantage of the aerodynamic principle of ground effect (or Wing-in-ground). GEVs were originally called Ekranoplans, after the original vehicles created in the former Soviet Union; this name is now used to describe the now Russian designed vehicles and their variants, with GEV being used as the more generic term for this class of vehicle.
Ground fighting Ground fighting (in martial arts sometimes referred to as "ground work" or "ground game") is hand-to-hand combat which takes place while the combatants are on the ground, generally involving a degree of grappling. The term is commonly used in martial arts and combat sports to designate the set of techniques employed by a combatant that is on the ground, as opposed to techniques employed in stand-up fighting.
Ground frame A ground frame is a small assembly of interlocked mechanical levers located beside a railway, usually at ground level. A ground frame does not normally require any form of shelter since it is usually operated by traincrew and not permanently staffed.
Ground Force Ground Force is a BBC "lifestyle" or "makeover" television programme in which a team of gardeners descend on an individual's garden and remake it for the cameras, within two days, against the clock, while that individual is lured away on some pretext. Ground Force started in 1997.
Ground Force of Ukrainian Armed Forces The Ukrainian Ground Forces () were formed from the Soviet Army formations, units, and establishments, including three military district headquarters (the Kiev, Carpathian, and Odessa), that were on Ukrainian soil when the Soviet Union collapsed in 1990-2. After many hostilities of Russia the Armed Forces of Ukraine began developing and upgrading old, current and even new military equipment for example:
Ground glass joint Ground glass joints are used in laboratories to quickly and easily fit leak-tight apparatus together from commonly available parts. For example, a round bottom flask, Liebig condenser, and oil bubbler with ground glass joints may be rapidly fitted together to reflux a reaction mixture.
Ground granulated blast furnace slag Ground granulated blastfurnace slag (GGBS or GGBFS) is obtained by quenching molten iron blast furnace slag (a by-product of iron and steel making) in water or stream, to produce a glassy granular product that is then dried and ground into a fine powder.
Ground jay The ground jays or ground choughs belong to a very distinct and interesting group of the passerine order of birds in the genus Podoces of the crow family Corvidae that inhabit high altitude semi-desert areas from central Asia to Mongolia.
Ground loop (aviation) In aviation, a ground loop refers to the rapid rotation of a fixed-wing aircraft in the horizontal plane whilst on the ground. Aerodynamic and centrifugal forces may cause one wing to rise, which may then cause the other wingtip to touch the ground.
Ground loop (electricity) In an electrical system, ground loop refers to a current, generally unwanted, in a conductor connecting two points that are supposed to be at the same potential, that is, ground, but are actually at different potentials. Ground loops can be detrimental to the intended operation of the electrical system.
Ground Launched Cruise Missile The Ground Launched Cruise Missile, or GLCM, (officially designated BGM-109G Gryphon) was the United States Air Force's counter to the mobile medium- and intermediate- range ballistic nuclear missiles deployed by the Soviet Union in Eastern Bloc European countries during the latter years of the Cold War. The GLCM and the U.
Ground mat A ground mat or grounding mat is a flat, flexible pad used for working on electrostatic sensitive devices. It is generally made of a conductive plastic or metal mesh covered substrate which is electrically attached to ground.
Ground mobile forces Ground mobile forces or GMF is a term used within the United States military that normally refers to communications units and their equipment. It is most often found in reference to satellite communications, which has proven to be far more successful in rapid deployment of ground communications terminals than ground-to-ground terminals, due to the wide range of satellite footprints and the relative ease of finding an unhindered line of sight due to a more vertical look angle.
Ground paintings Ground paintings are an art form native to Australia. They are created using various minerals to pigment plant material, which is then meticulously arranged by several people to form a picture of a historic event.
Ground pressure Ground pressure is the pressure exerted on the ground by the tires or tracks of a motorized vehicle, and is one measure of its potential mobility, especially over soft ground. Ground pressure can be measured in pounds per square inch (PSI).
Ground propulsion Ground propulsion is a different term than transport, because it refers to solid bodies being propelled. Those bodies may be mounted on vats or using wheels while the latter dominates for standard applications.
Ground Parrot The Ground Parrot (Pezoporus wallicus) is one of only four ground-dwelling parrots in the world, the others being its closest relative, the extremely rare Night Parrot, the somewhat closely related Antipodes Island Parakeet, and the unrelated highly endangered kakapo from New Zealand.

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