Encyclopedia

Interlocutory Interlocutory is a law term which can refer to an order, sentence, decree, or judgment, given in an intermediate stage between the commencement and termination of a cause, used to provide a temporary or provisional decision on an issue. Thus, an interlocutory order is not final and is usually not subject to appeal.
Interlocutory appeal An interlocutory appeal, in the law of civil procedure is an appeal of a ruling by a trial court that is made before the trial itself has concluded. Most jurisdictions generally prohibit such appeals, requiring parties to wait until the trial has concluded before they challenge any of the decisions made by the judge during that trial.
Interlude (magic trick) Interlude is a stage illusion where one person appears to pass through the torso of another. Invented by Jim Steinmeyer, and originally performed by The Pendragons, it has since become a part of many illusionists' routines, including David Copperfield and Siegfried & Roy.
Interlude (video game) Interlude is a visual novel by originally released for the Sega Dreamcast on March 13, 2003, a rare occurance for visual novels, as most are released for the PC first. Playstation 2 and PC ports were later also released.
Intermarriage Intermarriage normally refers to marriage between people belonging to different religions, tribes, nationalities or ethnic backgrounds. It has also been used to mean the opposite, namely marriage within a small group.
Intermedia Intermedia was a concept employed in the mid-sixties by Fluxus artist Dick Higgins to describe the ineffable, often confusing, inter-disciplinary activities that occur between genres that became prevalent in the 1960s. Thus, the areas such as those between drawing and poetry, or between painting and theater could be described as intermedia.
Intermedia (hypertext) Intermedia was the third notable hypertext project to emerge from Brown University, after HES (1967) and FRESS (1969). Intermedia was started in 1985 by Norman Meyrowitz, who had been associated with earlier hypertext research at Brown.
Intermediate 1 Intermediate 1 is an educational qualification in Scotland on the Scottish Qualifications Authority (SQA) Scottish Qualifications Certificate (SQC) achievement ladder similar to General Level at Standard Grades; it is the next step after Access 3. It is delivered by the majority of Scottish secondary schools as part of the Higher Still reforms instituted in 2000 by the SQA and the Scottish Executive.
Intermediate 2 Intermediate 2 is an educational qualification in Scotland on the Scottish Qualifications Authority (SQA) Scottish Qualifications Certificate (SQC) achievement ladder similar to Credit Level at Standard Grades; it is the next step after Intermediate 1. It is delivered by the majority of Scottish secondary schools as part of the Higher Still reforms instituted in 2000 by the SQA and the Scottish Executive.
Intermediate density lipoprotein Intermediate density lipoproteins are a class of lipoproteins formed from the degradation of very low density lipoproteins, constituted essentially of triacylglycerols and cholesterol esters. They are cleared from the plasma into the liver by receptor-mediated endocytosis, or further degraded to form low density lipoproteins.
Intermediate distribution frame Intermediate distribution frame (IDF): In a central office or customer premises, a frame that (a) cross-connects the user cable media to individual user line circuits and (b) may serve as a distribution point for multipair cables from the main distribution frame (MDF) or combined distribution frame (CDF) to individual cables connected to equipment in areas remote from these frames.
Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis The Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis is an ecological hypothesis which proposes that that biodiversity is highest when disturbance is neither too rare nor too frequent. With low disturbance, competitive exclusion by the dominant species arises.
Intermediate fibers The biological function of intermediate fibers in Eukaryotic organisms is not quite clear. However, the high tensile strength of intermediate fibers suggests that their purpose is to aid in the cell's resistance to change in shape.
Intermediate film system The intermediate film system was a television process in which motion picture film was processed almost immediately after it was exposed in a camera, then scanned by a television scanner, and transmitted over the air. This system was used principally in Britain and Germany where television cameras were not sensitive enough to use reflected light, but could transmit a suitable image when a bright light was shown through motion picture film directly into the camera lens.
Intermediate frequency An intermediate frequency (IF) is a frequency to which a carrier frequency is shifted as an intermediate step in transmission or reception. It is the beat frequency between the signal and the local oscillator in a radio detection system.
Intermediate good Intermediate goods or producer goods are goods used as inputs in the production of other goods, such as partly finished goods or raw materials. A firm may make then use intermediate goods, or make then sell, or buy then use them.
Intermediate language In computer science, an intermediate language is the language of an abstract machine designed to aid in the analysis of computer programs. The term comes from their use in compilers, where a compiler first translates the source code of a program into a form more suitable for code-improving transformations, as an intermediate step before generating object or machine code for a target machine.
Intermediate logic In mathematical logic, an intermediate logic (also called superintuitionistic) is a propositional logic extending intuitionistic logic. Classical logic is the strongest consistent intermediate logic, whence the name (the logics are intermediate between intuitionistic logic and classical logic).
Intermediate people's court An intermediate people's court (中级人民法院) is the second lowest local people's court in the People's Republic of China. According to the Organic Law of the People's Courts of the People's Republic of China, the intermediate people's courts handle relevant important local cases for the first instance and hear the appeal case from the basic people's courts.
Intermediate polar An Intermediate Polar (also DQ Herculis Star) is a type of cataclysmic variable binary star system. In most cataclysmic variables, matter from a main-sequence companion star is gravitationally stripped by a white dwarf star in the form of an accretion disk.
Intermediate sanctions Intermediate sanctions is a term used in regulations enacted by the United States Internal Revenue Service that is applied to non-profit organizations who engage in transactions that inure to the benefit of a disqualified person within the organization. These regulations allow the IRS to penalize the organization and the disqualified person receiving the benefit.
Intermediate spiral galaxy An intermediate spiral galaxy is a galaxy that is in between the classifications of a barred spiral galaxy and an unbarred spiral galaxy. It is designated as SAB in the galaxy morphological classification scheme.
Intermediate Unit Intermediate Units are United States regional educational service agencies, established by the Pennsylvania General Assembly. Intermediate Units serve a given geographic area's educational needs and function as a step of organization above that of a public school district, but below that of the Pennsylvania Department of Education.
Intermediate zone The Intermediate zone, in Sri Aurobindo's philosophy, refers to a dangerous and misleading transitional spiritual and pseudospiritual region between the ordinary consciousness of the outer being and true spiritual realisation.
Intermediate-field region Intermediate-field region: For an antenna, the transition region--lying between the near-field region and the far-field region--in which the field strength of an electromagnetic wave is dependent upon the inverse distance, inverse square of the distance, and the inverse cube of the distance from the antenna. For an antenna that is small compared to the wavelength in question, the intermediate-field region is considered to exist at all distances between 0.
Intermediate-mass black hole An Intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) is a black hole whose mass is significantly more than stellar black holes (a few tens of the mass of the Sun) yet far less than supermassive black holes (a few millions of the mass of the Sun).
Intermediate-range ballistic missile An intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) is a ballistic missile with a range of 3,000-5,500 km. Classifying ballistic missiles by range is done mostly for convenience, but in principle there is very little difference between a low-performance ICBM and a high-performance IRBM.
Intermedio The intermedio, in Italian Renaissance music, is a kind of music which was performed between acts of a play. It was one of the important predecessors to opera (two of the others were monody and madrigal comedy).
Intermeshing rotor Intermeshing rotor or synchropter helicopters have two sets of contra-rotating propellers mounted on axles mounted at slightly oblique angles so that the blades intermesh without colliding. The arrangement allows the helicopter to forgo a tail rotor.
Intermetacarpal articulations Intermetacarpal Articulations - The bases of the second, third, fourth and fifth metacarpal bones articulate with one another by small surfaces covered with cartilage, and are connected together by dorsal, volar, and interosseous ligaments.
Intermetallics Intermetallics are alloys of two or more metals in a certain proportion, thereby forming a new chemical compound. The resulting compounds are chemically different from either of the two alloying agents, and offer additional benefits or drawbacks, depending on the intended use of the alloy.
Intermetamorphosis Intermetamorphosis is a delusional misidentification syndrome, related to agnosia. The main symptom is that a patient confuses the identities of familiar people or feels that he is being mistaken for someone else.
Intermezzo (opera) Intermezzo is a Bürgerliche Komödie mit sinfonischen Zwischenspielen (town comedy with symphonic interludes) or opera in two acts by Richard Strauss to his own German libretto. It premiered at the Dresden Semperoper on November 4, 1924.
Intermezzo pour deux pianos (Tailleferre) The Intermezzo pour deux pianos (in English: for Two Pianos) is a work written by Germaine Tailleferre in 1946. The work was one of the first written by Tailleferre after she returned to France from her exile in the United States during World War II.
Intermission An intermission or interval is a break between two performances or sessions, in events such as a theatrical play, opera or musical concert. Sometimes there is also an intermission (break) in the showing of a film, in particular if it is a long film.
Intermission (film) Intermission is a 2003 motion picture directed by John Crowley which tells a story of a young couple and people surrounding them. The film is set in Dublin, Ireland and is filmed in a TV drama style with several story-lines crossing over one another during the course of the film.
Intermission: the Greatest Hits Intermission: the Greatest Hits (often just called Intermission) is the seventh album released by dc Talk. It is compiled of songs from some of their earlier albums, including their best known album, Jesus Freak.
Intermittent explosive disorder Intermittent explosive disorder (IED) or Militant episode disorder (MED) is an uncommon disorder of the brain characterized by explosive outbursts of behaviour (throwing, breaking things, inflicting physical harm on others) that is disproportional to the provocation. It is an impulse control disorder.
Intermittent Fault An intermittent fault is a phenomenon common to all branches of engineering and also in computer software. It is defined as a malfunction of a device or system that occurs periodically, either at regular intervals or more commonly at irregular intervals.
Intermittent mechanism The intermittent mechanism or intermittent movement is the device by which film is regularly advanced and then held in place for a brief duration of time in a movie camera or movie projector. This is in contrast to a continuous mechanism, whereby the film is constantly in motion and the image is held steady by optical or electronic scanning methods.
Intermittent power sources Intermittent power sources are sources of power generation, primarily electricity, whose power output is normally either variable or intermittent. All power sources are intermittent in the sense that they can all fail or are taken off line for maintenance, so back-up generation has to be available for all generation types, including nuclear, large fossil-fuel thermal or renewables.
Intermittent Photic Stimulation In medicine, Intermittent Photic Stimulation, or IPS, is a form of visual stimulation used in conjunction with electroencephalography to investigate anomalous brain activity triggered by specific visual stimuli, such as flashing lights or patterns.
Intermittent rhythmic delta activity Intermittent Rhythmic Delta Activity (IRDA) is a type of brain wave abnormality found in electroencephalograms (EEG). It is found in the frontal (FIRDA) or occipital (OIRDA) areas of the brain and can be caused by a number of different reasons, some benign, unknown reasons, but also are commonly associated with lesions, tumors, and encephalopathies.
Intermodal freight transport Intermodal transport involves more than one mode of transport. For example, passenger stations which provide transfers between buses and trains are described as intermodal (see: intermodal passenger transport).
Intermodal passenger transport Intermodal passenger transport involves more than one mode of transport of passengers. Some modes of transportation have always been intermodal; for example, most major airports have extensive facilities for automobile parking and have good rail or bus connections to the cities nearby.
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (Public Law 102-240; ISTEA, pronounced Ice-Tea) is a United States federal law that posed a major change to transportation planning and policy, as the first U.S.
Intermodulation Intermodulation or intermod is the result of two signals of different frequencies being mixed together, forming additional signals at frequencies that are not in general at harmonic frequencies (integer multiples) of either. The largest intermodulation products appear at f1 + f2 or f1 − f2 (second-order intermodulation), and less so at 2f1 − f2 or 2f2 − f1 (third order intermodulation).
Intermodulation interference Intermodulation Interference (IMI) is the production in a nonlinear element of frequencies equal to the sums and differences of integral multiples of two or more frequency sources which cause EMI in another equipment or system. The nonlinear element may be internal or external to electronic systems.
Intermolecular force Intermolecular forces are electromagnetic forces that act between molecules or between widely separated regions of a macromolecule. These forces can be cohesive between like molecules in for example surface tension or adhesive between unlike molecules for example in capillary action.
Intermont, West Virginia Intermont is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County, West Virginia, USA located along West Virginia Route 259 on the Cacapon River. It was originally known as Mutton Run until 1920 when its name was changed to Intermont.
Intermontane Islands The Intermontane Islands were a giant chain of active volcanic islands somewhere out in the Pacific Ocean during the Triassic time beginning around 245 million years ago. The giant chain of islands were 600 to 800 miles long and rode atop a microplate known as the Intermontane Plate.
Intermontane Plate The Intermontane Plate was an ancient oceanic tectonic plate, that lay on the west coast of North America about 195 million years ago. The Intermontane Plate had a chain of volcanic islands called the Intermontane Islands.
Intermountain Intermountain is the designation of a bipolar HVDC transmission line between the power station of Intermountain in Utah and the static inverter plant Adelanto in Los Angeles. The Intermountain is a bipolar overhead line with a length of 785 km can transfer a maximum power of 1920 megawatts at ±500 kV.
Intermountain Airlines Intermountain Airlines also known as Intermountain Aviation and Intermountain Airways was a CIA airline front company. Intermountain performed covert operations for the CIA in Southeast Asia and elsewhere during the Vietnam War era.
Intermountain Healthcare Intermountain Healthcare, formerly known as Intermountain Health Care (IHC), is a not-for-profit healthcare system and is the largest health care provider in the Intermountain West. Intermountain Healthcare provides hospital and other medical services in Utah, and Idaho.
Intermountain states The intermountain states (also Intermountain West and the Great Basin) of the United States of America are generally considered to be Utah, Idaho, and Nevada. The intermountain states are so named because they lie between (or at least amidst) the Rocky Mountains, the Sierra Nevada and the Cascades.
InterMUD InterMUD or interMU* communications is the commonly accepted terminology for different methods of allowing MUDs to communicate with each other. Some of the more common of these methods are custom protocols over the internet, IPC messages, and bots.
Intern In North America, an intern is one who works in a temporary position with an emphasis on education rather than merely employment, making it similar in some respects to an apprenticeship. Interns are usually college or university students or other young adults.
Intern architect Intern Architect is a term often used to describe a person who has successfully completed a professional degree in Architecture and is studying for the professional certification exam. Some states prohibit the use of the word "architect" (or any derivation there of) from any person not already licensed to practice Architecture.
Intern Development Program The Intern Development Program (IDP) is a national program in the United States designed to provide structured training for intern architects to insure that they are exposed to most aspects of the architectural profession prior to sitting for the Architect Registration Examination.
Internacia Seminario Internacia Seminario (IS) (English: International Seminar) is the most important Esperanto youth meeting organized by the German Esperanto Youth (GEJ) at the end of every year in a different German city, December 27 to January 3.
Internal affairs (law enforcement) The internal affairs (United States terminology) division of a law enforcement agency investigates incidents and plausible suspicions of lawbreaking and professional misconduct attributed to officers on the force. In different systems, internal affairs can go by another name such as "professional standards," "inspectorate general", Office of Professional Responsibility or similar.
Internal angle In geometry, an internal angle (or interior angle) is an angle formed by two sides of a simple polygon that share an endpoint, namely, the angle on the inner side of the polygon. A simple polygon has exactly one internal angle per vertex.
Internal audit Internal auditing is a management-oriented discipline that has evolved rapidly since World War II. Once a function primarily concerned with financial and accounting matters, internal auditing now addresses the entire range of operating activities and performs a correspondingly wide variety of assurance and consulting services.
Internal Affairs (band) Internal Affairs are a straight edge hardcore punk band from Los Angeles, CA, fronted by Corey Williams, former guitarist of Carry On. They specialize in short, fast, angry music with influences from Infest to Madball.
Internal Affairs (group) Internal Affairs is an original Hip-Hop group based out of Calgary, consisting of three writer/poets/vocalists; Concept, Homage, and Femme-Shui and their DJ/Producer; Decline. Internal Affairs also has a live band that helps out to re-create the sounds that can be heard on Internal Affairs two releases; the Lost Scriptures and Sweet Home Babylon.
Internal ballistics Internal ballistics, a subfield of ballistics, is the study of a projectile's behaviour from the time its propellant is ignited to the time it exits from the gun barrel. The study of internal ballistics is important to designers and users of firearms of all types, from small-bore Olympic rifles and pistols, to high-tech artillery.
Internal bleeding Internal bleeding is bleeding occurring inside the body. It may be caused by high blood pressure (by causing blood vessel rupture) or other forms of injury, especially high speed deceleration occurring during an automobile accident, which can cause organ rupture.
Internal Branding Internal Branding is a concept that merges the disciplines of marketing and human resources. Developed by Dr Nikolaus Eberl and Herman Schoonbee as an academic discipline, Internal Branding is about aligning employee commitment to delivering the brand promise of the organisation.
Internal cerebral veins The internal cerebral veins (veins of Galen; deep cerebral veins) drain the deep parts of the hemisphere and are two in number; each is formed near the interventricular foramen by the union of the terminal and choroid veins.
Internal colonialism Internal Colonialism refers to political and economic inequalities between regions within a single society. The term may be used to describe the uneven effects of state development on a regional basis and to describe the exploitation of minority groups within the wider society.
Internal combustion engine The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the burning of a fuel occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. This exothermic reaction of a fuel with an oxidizer creates gases of high temperature and pressure, which are permitted to expand.
Internal conversion Internal conversion is a radioactive decay process where an excited nucleus interacts with an electron in one of the lower electron shells, causing the electron to be emitted from the atom. Thus, in an internal conversion process, a high-energy electron which appears to be a classical beta particle is emitted from the radioactive atom, but without beta decay taking place.
Internal conversion (chemistry) Internal conversion is defined as a transition between one set of atomic (or molecular) electronic excited levels to another set of the same spin multiplicity (for example, the second singlet state to the first singlet state). It is sometimes called "radiationless de-excitation", because no photons are emitted.
Internal Coordinate Mechanics ICM stands for Internal Coordinate Mechanics and was first designed and built to predict low energy conformations of biomolecules. ICM also is a programming environment for various tasks in computational structural biology, sequence analysis and rational drug design.
Internal Counter-Intelligence Service The Internal Counter-Intelligence Service (ICIS) is a fictional military organization from the UNIT audio plays by Big Finish. A highly nationalistic and xenophobic organisation, they were originally intended to be a uniquely British replacement for the UK branch of UNIT in fighting extra-territorial threats; instead, they turned out to be a major threat.
Internal documentation Computer software is said to have Internal Documentation if the notes on how and why various parts operate is included in the source code as comments. It is often combined with meaningful variable names with the intention that another programmer some time in the future can easily read straight through the code and gain a reasonably good understanding of what it does and how it does it.
Internal Dobrujan Revolutionary Organisation The Internal Dobrujan Revolutionary Organisation (; ) or IDRO was a Bulgarian nationalist and revolutionary organisation active in Romanian Dobruja from 1923 to 1940. It was labeled 'a terrorist organization' by the Romanian government, though in Bulgaria it was regarded as a liberation movement.
Internal energy In thermodynamics, the internal energy of a thermodynamic system, or a body with well-defined boundaries, denoted by U, or sometimes E, is the total of the kinetic energy due to the motion of molecules (translational, rotational, vibrational) and the potential energy associated with the vibrational and electric energy of atoms within molecules or crystals. It includes the energy in all the chemical bonds, and the energy of the free, conduction electrons in metals.
Internal Exile Internal Exile ("A Collection of a Boy's Own Stories") was Fish's second solo album after leaving Marillion in 1988. The album, released 28 October1991, was inspired by the singer's past, his own personal problems and his troubled experiences with his previous record label EMI.
Internal fertilization Internal fertilization is a form of animal fertilization of an ovum by spermatozoon within the body of an inseminated animal, whether female or hermaphroditic. This is distinct from external fertilization, where the union of the ova and spermatoza occur outside of the organism.
Internal field separator In Unix operating systems, internal field separator (abbreviated IFS) refers to the character or characters designated as whitespace by the operating system. IFS is actually a system variable, and it can be modified, which is useful programmatically in a number of ways.
Internal focus lens An internal focus lens (sometimes known as If) is a Photographic lens design in which focus is shifted by moving the inner lens group or groups only, without any rotation or shifting of the front lens element. This makes it easy to use, for example, a screwed-in polarizing filter or a petal shaped lens hood.
Internal forum Internal forum is a term used in moral theology referring to the private realm of one's personal conscience or an act of judgement applying the universal truth to a particular situation, such as the sacrament of reconciliation. The term is frequently used in association with dealing with decisions that cannot be adequately handled in the public external forum regulated by canon law, such as in cases involving the reception of the Eucharist by those who have civilly divorced and remarried without an annulment.
Internal goal stanchion An internal goal stanchion is part of a football goalpost. It is a stuctural arm which projects backward from the top of the upright; it is used to support the goal net, so that the net forms a roughly box shape, rather than a simple triangular prism (which can foul players, particularly the goalkeeper, during close play in the goalmouth).
Internal intercostal muscles The Intercostales interni (Internal intercostals) are eleven in number on either side. They commence anteriorly at the sternum, in the interspaces between the cartilages of the true ribs, and at the anterior extremities of the cartilages of the false ribs, and extend backward as far as the angles of the ribs, whence they are continued to the vertebral column by thin aponeuroses, the posterior intercostal membranes.
Internal intussusception Internal intussusception of the rectum is a medical symptom associated with straining to defecate, usually associated with chronic constipation and diagnosed by defecography. Surgical interventions to correct the problem have exhibited limited success, usually treating the intussusception but not always relieving the patient's symptoms.
Internal labor market According to Doeringer and Piore (1), internal labor markets are an administrative unit within a firm in which pricing and allocation of labor is governed by a set of administrative rules and procedures. The remainder of jobs within the ILM is filled by the promotion or transfer of workers who have already gained entry (1).
Internal marketing Internal marketing (IM) is an ongoing process that occurs strictly within a company or organization whereby the functional process aligns, motivates and empowers employees at all management levels to consistently deliver a satisfying customer experience.
Internal medicine Doctors of internal medicine ("internists") are medical specialists who focus on adult medicine and have had special study and training focusing on the prevention and treatment of adult diseases. At least three of their seven or more years of medical school and postgraduate training are dedicated to learning how to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases that affect adults.
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (United) The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (United) (1925-1936) (in Macedonian: Vnatrešna Makedonska Revolucionerna Organizacija (Obedinena), Внатрешна Македонска Револуционерна Организација, in Bulgarian: Vatreshna Makedonska Revolyucionna Organizaciya (?), Вътрешна Македонска Революционна Организация, VMRO), commonly known in English as IMRO (United) or VRMO (United), was the name of a revolutionary political organization active in Macedonia.
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization–Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization–Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity (Macedonian:Внатрешно-Македонска Револуциона Организација–Демократска Партија за Македонско Национално Единство, or Vnatrešno-Makedonska Revoluciona Organizacija–Demokratska Partija za Makedonsko Nacionalno Edinstvo), or VMRO–DPMNE is a political party in the Republic of Macedonia. The party describes itself as a Christian Democratic party which supports the admission of Macedonia to NATO and the European Union.
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization–People's Party Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization–People's Party (Vnatrešno-Makedonska Revoluciona Organizacija–Narodna Partija) is a conservative political party in the Republic of Macedonia formed by the followers of the former Prime Minister Ljubco Georgievski who have split from the VMRO–DPMNE. The VMRO–NP was founded in Skopje on 4 July 2004.
Internal occipital crest In the occipital bone, the lower division of the cruciate eminence is prominent, and is named the internal occipital crest; it bifurcates near the foramen magnum and gives attachment to the falx cerebelli; in the attached margin of this falx is the occipital sinus, which is sometimes duplicated.
Internal passport An internal passport is an identification document issued in some countries. Its main purpose is similar to that of an identity card, however in some countries internal passports had other restrictive functions.
Internal reconstruction Internal reconstruction is a method of using the internal characteristics of a single language to recover information about how the language appeared at an early point in time. Whereas the comparative method compares variations between languages — such as in sets of cognates — under the assumption that they descend from a single proto-language form, internal reconstruction compares variant forms within a single language under the assumption that they descend from a single, regular form.
Internal resorption Internal resorption is an unusual condition of a tooth when the dentin and pulpal walls begin to resorb centrally within the root canal. The first evidence of the lesion may be the appearance of a pink-hued area on the crown of the tooth; this condition is referred to pink tooth of Mummery, and represents the hyperplastic, vascular pulp tissue filling-in the resorbed areas.
Internal ribosome entry site An internal ribosome entry site, abbreviated IRES, is a nucleotide sequence that allows for translation initiation in the middle of a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence as part of the greater process of protein synthesis. Usually, in eukaryotes, translation can only be initiated at the 5' end of the mRNA molecule, since 5' cap recognition is required for the assembly of the initiation complex.
Internal rotary inspection system Internal rotary inspection system (IRIS) is an ultrasonic method for the nondestructive testing of pipes and tubes. The IRIS probe is inserted into a tube that is flooded with water, and the probe is pulled out slowly as the data is displayed and recorded.
Internal Revenue Code The Internal Revenue Code (or IRC) (more formally, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) is the main body of domestic statutory tax law of the United States organized topically, including laws covering the income tax (see Income tax in the United States), payroll taxes, gift taxes, estate taxes and statutory excise taxes. The Internal Revenue Code is published as title 26 of the United States Code (USC), and is also known as the internal revenue title.

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