Encyclopedia

Internal Revenue Code of 1954 The Internal Revenue Code of 1954 was enacted by the United States Congress as Chapter 736, Public Law 83-591, and became law on August 16, 1954, succeeding the Internal Revenue Code of 1939. As enacted, the 1954 Code was published as Volume 68A of the United States Statutes at Large.
Internal Revenue Code section 1 Section 1 of the Internal Revenue Code ( or simply IRC §1), titled "Tax Imposed" is the law which requires all American individuals to pay a federal income tax, and sets forth the amount of the tax to be paid. A similar tax on corporations and other entities established to do business is set forth in IRC §11.
Internal Revenue Code section 355 Section 355 of the Internal Revenue Code allows a corporation to make a tax-free distribution to its shareholders of stock and securities in one or more controlled subsidiaries. If a set of statutory and judicial requirements are met, neither the distributing corporation nor its shareholders recognize gain or loss on the distribution.
Internal Revenue Code section 61 Section 61 of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC 61, ) defines "gross income," the starting point for determining which items of income are taxable for Federal income tax purposes in the United States. Section 61 states that "except as otherwise provided in this subtitle gross income means all income from whatever source derived".
Internal Revenue Code section 63 Section 63 of the Internal Revenue Code defines what constitutes Taxable income in the United States. The section sets forth that taxable income means gross income (which is broadly defined in Internal Revenue Code 61) minus whatever deductions are allowed by that chapter of the IRC.
Internal Revenue Code section 861 Internal Revenue Code 861, , titled "Income from sources within the United States" is a provision of the Internal Revenue Code which delineates what kinds of income shall be treated as income from sources within the United States, as opposed to income treated as income from sources outside the United States, for purposes of various taxes imposed by Subchapter N (sections 861 through 999) of Chapter 1 of Subtitle A of the Code.
Internal Revolutionary Organisation The Internal Revolutionary Organisation (Bulgarian: Вътрешна революционна организация) or IRO was a Bulgarian revolutionary organisation founded and built up by Bulgarian revolutionary Vasil Levski in the period between 1869 and 1871. The organisation represented a network of regional revolutionary committees which were governed by a Central Committee in the town of Lovech.
Internal security Internal security, or IS, is the act of keeping domestic peace within a country. It is often carried out by police, government personnel, or specialized military (such as the Itallian Carabinieri), Iranian Basij or paramilitary forces (such as the French GIGN or the german GSG-9).
Internal security in Moldova In 1995 the national police of Moldova were under the direction of the Ministry of Interior. Internal troops were reported to have 2,500 men, and the numbers of the OPON riot police (also known as the "Black Berets") were put at 900.
Internal set theory Internal set theory (IST) is a mathematical theory of sets developed by Edward Nelson which provides an axiomatic basis for a portion of the non-standard analysis introduced by Abraham Robinson. Instead of adding new elements to the real numbers the axioms introduce a new term - 'standard' - which can be used to make discriminations not possible under the conventional axioms for sets.
Internal sin The Christian concept of internal sin is the idea that sin (a crime of religion) may be committed not only by outward deeds but also by the inner activity of the mind, quite apart from any external manifestation. Thought crimes were as old as heresy, but the Reformation's alarms received new emphasis at the Council of Trent (Session XIV, chapter.
Internal standard An internal standard in analytical chemistry is a chemical substance that is added in a constant amount to samples, the blank and calibration standards in a chemical analysis. This substance can then be used for calibration by plotting the ratio of the analyte signal to the internal standard signal as a function of the analyte concentration of the standards.
Internal structure of the Moon The Moon is a differentiated body, being composed of a geochemically distinct crust, mantle, and core. This structure is believed to have resulted from the fractional crystallization of a magma ocean shortly after its formation about 4.
Internal Security Act The Internal Security Act (ISA) is the name given to statutes in Malaysia and Singapore. These laws originated in the wake of World War II, when a number of countries around the world introduced legislation that severely curtailed the rights of known or suspected communists.
Internal Security Act (Malaysia) The Internal Security Act 1960 (ISA) is a preventive detention law in force in Malaysia. Any person may be detained by the police for up to 60 days without trial for an act which allegedly threatens the security of the country or any part thereof.
Internal Security Department Internal Security Department (ISD) is an agency of the Government of Singapore under the hierarchy of the Ministry of Home Affairs, a ministry of interior. It was formerly part of the Ministry of the Interior and Defence until it was split in 11 August, 1970.
Internal Security Unit The Internal Security Unit (ISU) was the name given to a counter intelligence and interrogation unit that operated within the former paramilitary organisation the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA). This unit was often referred to as the Nutting Squad.
Internal Services in the European Commission The term Internal Service refers to a collection of Directorate-Generals and Services within the European Commission that provide services to the policy-making DGs or perform set administrative tasks. They are not policy-making themselves.
Internal transcribed spacer The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) is a concept in molecular biology. The spacer is a sequence of RNA in a primary transcript that lies between precursor ribosomal subunits and is removed by splicing when the structural RNA precursor molecule is processed into a ribosome.
Internal Thracian Revolutionary Organisation The Internal Thracian Revolutionary Organisation (bulg. Вътрешна тракийска революционна организация), ITRO, was a Bulgarian revolutionary organisation active in Western Thrace and southern Bulgaria between 1922 and 1934.
Internal Troops Internal Troops, full name Internal Troops of the Ministry for Internal Affairs (Russian: Внутренние войска Министерства внутренних дел, Vnutrenniye Voiska Ministerstva Vnutrennikh Del; abbreviated ВВ, VV) is the uniformed gendarmerie-like force in the now-defunct Soviet Union and its successor countries, particularly, in Russia and Ukraine. Internal Troops are subordinated to Internal Affairs Ministries (police) of the respective countries.
Internal waters Completely enclosed seas, lakes, and rivers are considered internal waters, as are waters landward of lines connecting fringing islands along a coast or landward of lines across the mouths of rivers that flow into the sea.
Internal Western Outland Revolutionary Organisation The Internal Western Outland Revolutionary Organisation (bulg. Вътрешна западнопокрайненска революционна организация), IWORO, was a Bulgarian revolutionary organisation active in the Western Outlands in Serbia between 1921 and 1941.
Internalization In social sciences such as psychology and sociology, to internalize something is to incorporate that something (or a representation of that something) into one's 'self', where the 'self' in question may take many forms, such as for example a person, an organisation, or a society. The 'something' internalized may also take many forms, for example including concepts, relationships, values, and norms of behaviour.
Internalized oppression In sociology and psychology, internalized oppression is the manner in which an oppressed group comes to use against itself the methods of the oppressor. For example, sometimes members of marginalized groups hold an oppressive view toward their own group, or start to believe in negative stereotypes of themselves.
Internally displaced person An internally displaced person (IDP) is someone who has been forced to leave their home for reasons such as religious or political persecution or war, but has not crossed an international border. The term is a subset of the more general displaced person.
International International or internationally describes interaction between nations, or encompassing two or more nations, constituting a group or association having members in two or more nations, or generally reaching beyond national boundaries. "International" is also commonly used to signify "outside of the country".
International (passenger train) The International was a named passenger train originally operated by the Great Northern Railway between Seattle, Washington, and Vancouver, British Columbia. This route began in 1950 as the International Limited, and was restored in 1995 using a Talgo Pendular train set purchased by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) as Amtrak's Mount Baker International service and is still in operation as part of its Amtrak Cascades train.
International adoption of South Korean children The International adoption of South Korean children is a recent historical process triggered initially by casualties of the Korean War after 1953. The initiative was taken by religious organizations in the United States, Australia, and many European nations, and eventually developed into various apparatus that sustained adoption as a socially integrated system.
International aid to Palestinians Governments and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) around the world as well as agencies of the United Nations have given aid to the Palestinian Authority and/or to Palestinian organisations. The list shows recent figures in United States dollars.
International airport An International airport is an airport typically equipped with customs and immigration facilities to handle international flights to and from other countries. Such airports are usually larger, and often feature longer runways and facilities to accommodate the large aircraft commonly used for international or intercontinental travel.
International auxiliary language An international auxiliary language (sometimes abbreviated as IAL or auxlang) or interlanguage is a language meant for communication between people from different nations who do not share a common native language. An auxiliary language is primarily a second language.
International A-Class Catamaran The A-Class Catamaran, often abbreviated to A-Class, is a developmental class sailing catamaran for singlehanded racing. The class was founded during the 1960's and was part of the 4-tier IYRU (now ISAF) approach to divide up the sports catamaran sailing scene into 4 separate groups.
International Academic Friends of Israel The International Academic Friends of Israel (IAFI) is a non-profit organization of leading academics and scientists set up to support the free and open exchange of ideas within the international academic community,
International Academy The International Academy, or IA, is a high school located in Bloomfield Hills, Oakland County, Michigan. It is a public, tuition-free, school of choice for students of about a dozen Oakland County school districts collaborating in consortium with university and business partners.
International Academy of Design and Technology The International Academy of Design and Technology (IADT) is a private media arts college accredited by the Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools (ACICS). Locations throughout the United States and Canada offer associate's degree/diploma and bachelor's degree courses in merchandising, advertising, fashion design, interior design, information technology, web design, digital audio production, digital video production, video game design, and computer graphics design.
International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences The International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences was founded in 1998 to help drive the progress of the Internet and evolving forms of new media. The academy selects the nominees and winners for the Webby Awards.
International Academy of Oral Medicine and Toxicology The International Academy of Oral Medicine and Toxicology is formally chartered as a Canadian non-profit corporation, representing dental, medical and research professionals who advocate mercury-free dentistry, the safe removal of mercury dental fillings, and improved standards for dental practices. THe IAOMT North American office is located in ChampionsGate, Florida, U.
International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science The International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science is an international scientific learned society covering all applications of quantum theory to chemistry and chemical physics. It was created in Menton in 1967.
International Accounting Standards Committee International Accounting Standards Committee was founded in June 1973 in London and restructured to the International Accounting Standards Board on April 1, 2001. It was responsible for developing the International Accounting Standards and promoting the use and application of these standards.
International Accounts Payable Professionals International Accounts Payable Professionals is a non-profit educational organization dedicated to the professional advancement of individuals in the accounts payable field by supporting National, Regional, and Local networking. They provide educational programs and resources along with training on leading edge technologies to promote and increase the awareness of AP as a professional discipline.
International Accreditation Agency for Online Universities International Accreditation Agency for Online Universities, IAAOU, is an unrecognized "accreditation" board that has no status with the United States Department of Education (USDE) or the Council for Higher Education Accreditation(CHEA).Without USDE and CHEA recognition, such "accreditations" are essentially meaningless.
International Action International Action is a small, non-violent, political group in Hong Kong campaigning a range of issues including social justice, human rights and democracy. The group was founded in 2004 and is made up of young locals and expatriates.
International Actuarial Association The International Actuarial Association, also known as the IAA, is the successor to the Comité Permanent des Congrès d’Actuaires, established in 1895 as an association of individuals, and which took its current name in 1968.
International Advisory and Monitoring Board The International Advisory and Monitoring Board was appointed to oversee the Coalition Provisional Authority's disbursements from the humanitarian Development Fund for Iraq. When the CPA was authorized to manage the DFI by United Nations resolution 1483.
International Aerial Robotics Competition The International Aerial Robotics Competition (IARC) began in 1991 on the campus of the Georgia Institute of Technology. Since 1991 collegiate teams, with the backing of industry and government have fielded autonomous flying robots in an attempt to perform missions that required robotic behaviors never before exhibited in a flying machine.
International Aerobatics Club The International Aerobatics Club, a devision of the Experimental Aircraft Association and the National Aeronautics Association governs Aerobatics and competition aerobatics in the United States under the regulation of the Federation Aeronautique Internationale. The International Aerobatics Club was founded in 1970 as an evolution of the Experimental Aircraft Association "Precision Flying Division" with the goal of an organized method for advancing aerobatic skills of its members via a "building block" competition system.
International Aeronautics and Space Administration In the science fiction television series Farscape, the International Aeronautics and Space Administration (IASA) is a fictional alliance of space agencies of many nations. As the name may suggest, it is an international version of the United States' National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and may have even absorbed much (if not all) of NASA's assets, including personnel.
International African Institute The International African Institute (IAI) was founded (as the International Institute of African Languages and Cultures) in 1926 in London for the study of African Languages. Diedrich Hermann Westermann was co-director from 1926 to ????.
International Agency for Research on Cancer The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC, or CIRC in its French acronym) is an intergovernmental agency forming part of the World Health Organisation of the United Nations. Its main offices are in Lyon, France.
International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness The International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness (IAPB) is a coordinating, umbrella organization to lead an international effort in mobilizing resources for blindness prevention activities. It was set up on January 1, 1975, by the late Sir John Wilson, the Founder President.
International Agreement on the Neutrality of Laos International Agreement on the Neutrality of Laos is an international agreement signed in Geneva on July 23 1962 between 14 states and Laos. It was a result of the International Conference on the Settlement of the Laotian Question which lasted from May 16, 1961 to July 23, 1962.
International Air Cadet Exchange Each summer (northern hemisphere), for a two week period beginning approximately on the third Tuesday of July and ending on the first Tuesday of August, hundreds of cadets from twenty nations broaden their understanding of aviation and different cultures through the International Air Cadet Exchange (IACE). Hundreds more youth, families, aerospace professionals and community leaders benefit from the Exchange by serving as hosts, tour guides and escorts, or by simply participating in local activities alongside the international cadets.
International Air Transport Association The International Air Transport Association is an international industry trade group of airlines headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, Canada (where the ICAO also happens to be headquartered, even though they are different entities).
International AIDS Conference The International AIDS Society is the custodian of the International AIDS Conferences, the paramount gathering of all disciplines in HIV/AIDS now held every two years. These prestigious conferences provide a unique forum for the interaction of science, community and leadership with the goal of bringing knowledge together for changes in the world's response to HIV/AIDS.
International AIDS Vaccine Initiative A public-private partnership dedicated to producing a preventive vaccine against HIV infection, suitable for use in the most affected developing countries. To date, no such vaccine exists but scientific consensus suggests that its development is feasible.
International Alliance of Catholic Knights The International Alliance of Catholic Knights (IACK)is a non-governmental organization made up of the national and international leaders of fifteen Roman Catholic fraternal societies. The Alliance was founded in 1979 in Glasgow, Scotland, at a gathering of the Supreme Knights of six fraternal societies to celebrate the golden jubilee of the Knights of Saint Columba Asociaiones Internacionales de Fieles (Spanish) (2004), Pontifical Council for the Laity, Roman Curia, Vatican City; url accessed June 1, 2006 Its constitution was written and approved at the 1980 Supreme Council meeting of the Catholic Order of the Knights of da Gama in South Africa, International Alliance of Catholic Kights, Knights of St.
International Alliance of Research Universities The International Alliance of Research Universities (IARU) was launched in January 2006 as a leading co-operative network of 10 international research-intensive universities. At the launch the presidents elected Australian National University Vice-Chancellor Professor Ian Chubb as chairman for 2006-07.
International Amateur Radio Union The International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) is an international confederation of national amateur radio organisations that allows a forum for common matters of concern and collectively represents matters to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). The IARU was formed in 1925.
International Americas Cup Class The International Americas Cup Class is a class of sailing vessels that was developed for the America's Cup competition. These yachts which, while not identical, are all designed to a particular formula, so as to make the boats involved in a competition roughly comparable, while still giving individuals the freedom to experiment with the details of their designs.
International Animated Film Association The International Animated Film Association (Association International du Film d'Animation) or ASIFA is an international non-profit organization founded in 1960 in Annecy France by the most well known animation artists of the time such as the Canadian animator, Norman McLaren. There are now more than 30 chapters of the Association located in many countries of the world.
International Anthony Burgess Foundation The International Anthony Burgess Foundation is a UK charity set up to back research into the life and achievements of the influential 20th-century novelist Anthony Burgess. It is housed in a Victorian-era villa in Withington, Manchester, England, very near Burgess's birthplace.
International Anti-Bribery Act of 1998 The International Anti-Bribery Act of 1998 is a United States federal law that amends the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act by implementing the provisions of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions.The act makes it illegal for a citizen or corporation of the United States or a person or corporation acting within the United States to influence, bribe or seek an advantage from a public official of another country.
International Apostolic Fellowship The International Apostolic Fellowship, Inc. (IAF) is a fellowship of Apostolic ministers dedicated to re-uniting all Apostolic Christians previously divided through personal, racial, or denominational divisions.
International Appalachian Trail The International Appalachian Trail (IAT; French: Sentier International des Appalaches, SIA) is a hiking trail which runs from the northern terminus of the Appalachian Trail at Mount Katahdin, Maine to the northernmost tip of the Appalachian Mountains at Belle Isle, Newfoundland and Labrador.
International Arbiter International Arbiter is a title awarded by the world governing body of chess, FIDE, to individuals deemed capable of acting as arbiter in important events (the arbiters are responsible for ensuring the rules and laws of chess are adhered to). The title was established in 1951.
International Arbitration and Peace Association The International Arbitration and Peace Association is an organization founded in London, in 1880 by Hodgson Pratt (1824-1907), an English pacifist. Its stated objective was the use of arbitration and peace in place of armed conflicts and force.
International Arctic Research Center The International Arctic Research Center, or IARC, established 1997, is a research institution focused on integrating and coordinating study of climate change in the Arctic. The primary partners in IARC are Japan and the United States.
International Artists International Artists (IA) was an independent record label based in Houston, Texas that existed from 1965 to 1970. During its existence IA released 13 albums and 39 singles and passed through the hands of several owners, including Lelan Rogers, brother of country singer Kenny Rogers.
International Artists Records International Artists Records (IA) is a current and active recording company based in New York City which started in 1956 for the express purpose of furthering classical music. It came under new ownership in 1972 and since that time has been involved with the Musical Publications, Records, CDs, DVDs, and concerts industry.
International Arts and Film Foundation The International Arts and Film Foundation is a non-profit foundation based in Tampa Bay, Florida and Reno, Nevada with an emphasis on children interested in performing and visual arts including film production.
International Assemblies of God Fellowship The International Assemblies of God Fellowship is an independent, cooperative fellowship of ministers, ministries and churches of Trinitarian Baptistic Pentecostals. Most of its congregations are located in the South ( Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina).
International Association for Cereal Science and Technology The International Association for Cereal Science and Technology (ICC) was founded in 1955 and was originally called the International Association for Cereal Chemistry. It was set up to develop international standard testing procedures for cereals and flour.
International Association for Computing and Philosophy The International Association for Computing and Philosophy (IACAP) is a professional, philosophical association emerging from a history of conferences that began in 1986. Adopting its mission from these conferences, the IACAP exists in order to promote scholarly dialogue on all aspects of the computational/informational turn and the use of computers in the service of philosophy.
International Association for Cryptologic Research The International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR) is a non-profit scientific organization whose purpose is to further research in cryptology and related fields. The IACR sponsors some of the major conferences and workshops in the field of cryptography, publishes the Journal of Cryptology, and maintains the Cryptology ePrint Archive.
International Association for Energy Economics International Association for Energy Economics (IAEE) is an international non-profit society of professionals interested in energy economics. IAEE was founded in 1977, in the period of the energy crisis, when it became obvious that lack of knowledge on energy economics is one of the problems when dealing with the short- and long-term issues of energy supply and demand.
International Association for Food Protection The International Association for Food Protection (IAFP), founded in 1911, is a non-profit association of food safety professionals. Comprised of a diverse membership of over 3,000 Members from 50 nations, the Association is dedicated to the education and service of its Members, as well as industry personnel.
International Association for Human Values The International Association of Human Values (IAHV), a non-profit organisation founded in Geneva in 1997 develops and promotes programs of personal development to encourage the practice of human values in everyday life. It also has programs of community education that foster greater awareness of the shared values among the diverse cultures.
International Association for Professional Base Ball Players The International Association of Professional Base Ball Players was the name for two separate Canadian-American baseball leagues that operated from 1877 through 1880 and also in 1888 and 1889. Some baseball historians consider the International Association the first minor league; others point out that the league was conceived as a rival to the National League, now thought of as the sole major league of the era.
International Association for Promotion of Christian Higher Education The International Association for Promotion of Christian Higher Education (IAPCHE) was founded in 1975. In 2005, the worldwide organization consisted of five regional bodies: one each for Africa, Asia/Oceania, Europe, Latin America, and North America.
International Association for the Advancement of Ethnology and Eugenics The International Association for the Advancement of Ethnology and Eugenics (IAAEE) was a prominent group in the promotion of eugenics and segregation, and the first publisher of Mankind Quarterly. IAAEE was founded in 1959 and has headquarters in Edinburgh, Scotland.
International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement The International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) is an association of national research institutions and government research agencies related to education. The IEA is an independent organization.
International Association for the Protection of Industrial Property The International Association for the Protection of Industrial Property or AIPPI, an acronym for Association Internationale pour la Protection de la Propriété Intellectuelle in French, is a non-profit international organisation of intellectual property (IP) professionals, academics and owners of intellectual property. AIPPI was established in 1897 and is based in Zurich, Switzerland.
International Association for the Study of Pain The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) is an international professional organisation for doctors and other health professionals involved in the diagnosis, treatment and scientific study of pain, as well as education and training in the field of pain medicine. The IASP was founded in 1973.
International Association for Veterinary Homeopathy The International Association for Veterinary Homeopathy, also known as the IAVH, was founded in Luxembourg in 1986 by a nucleus of veterinarians (or veterinbary surgeons) with an interest in homeopathy. The initiative came from The Netherlands (Drs A Westerhuis (NL), Drs J van der Heul (NL) and Drs W Roelofsen (NL).
International Association of Amateur Heralds The International Association of Amateur Heralds (IAAH) is a group of heraldic enthusiasts from around the world that exists to discuss all aspects of heraldry. It was formerly known only as the Association of Amateur Heralds, or AAH.
International Association of Analytical Psychologists The International Association of Analytical Psychologists (IAAP) is the international association of those who practice analytical psychology, which is to say, psychology in the tradition of Carl Jung. It is based in Zurich and was founded in 1955.
International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators The International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators (IAATO) is a tour operator member organization founded in 1991 to advocate, promote and practice safe and environmentally responsible private-sector travel to the Antarctic.
International Association of Anti-Corruption Authorities International Association of Anti-Corruption Authorities (IAACA) is a non-governmental organization established as a result of the special meeting held at the UN Office in Vienna on 19-20 April 2006. It's head quarter resides in Beijing, China.
International Association of Arson Investigators The International Association of Arson Investigators (abbreviated IAAI) is a professional association of individuals who conduct fire investigations. The IAAI provides resources for training, research, and technology for fire investigators around the world.
International Association of Art Critics The International Association of Art Critics (AICA) was founded in 1950 to revitalize critical discourse, which suffered under Fascism during World War II. AICA was initially affiliated with UNESCO as a non-governmental organization.
International Association of Astronomical Artists The International Association of Astronomical Artists (IAAA), is a non-profit foundation whose members implement and participate in astronomical and space art projects, promote education about space art and foster international cooperation in artistic work inspired by the exploration of the Universe.
International Association of Athletics Federations The International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) is the international governing body for the sport of athletics (known in some parts of the world as "track and field"). It was founded in 1912 at its first Congress in Stockholm, Sweden by representatives from 17 national athletics federations as the International Amateur Athletics Federation.
International Association of Bridge, Structural, Ornamental and Reinforcing Iron Workers The International Association of Bridge, Structural, Ornamental and Reinforcing Iron Workers is a union in the United States and Canada, which represents primarily construction workers, as well as shipbuilding and metal fabrication employees.
International Association of Consulting Actuaries The International Association of Consulting Actuaries first met in 1960, and was formally constituted, separate from the International Actuarial Association, in 1968. It holds international meetings every other year to consider issues of concern to consulting actuaries.
International Association of Crime Analysts The International Association of Crime Analysts (IACA) is a professional association founded in 1990 to provide training, literature, networking, and professional development resources to individuals involved in the crime analysis profession. It also advocates for the development of crime analysis programs in law enforcement agencies.
International Association of Educators International Association of Educators (INASED) is a non-profit, non-partisan and non-governmental international organization. The organization aims to develop new pedagogies and alternative languages for multi-cultural communication and understanding.
International Association of Emergency Managers The International Association of Emergency Managers (abbreviated IAEM) is a non-profit educational organization for emergency management professionals around the world. The organization certifies individuals as Certified Emergency Managers (CEM).
International Association of Financial Engineers The International Association of Financial Engineers (IAFE) is a non-profit professional society dedicated to fostering the field of financial engineering. The IAFE hosts several panel discussions throughout the year to discuss the issues that affect the industry from both academic and professional angles.
International Association of GeoChemistry The IAGC (International Association of GeoChemistry, formerly known as the International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry) is affiliated with the International Union of Geological Sciences and has been one of the pre-eminent international geochemical organizations for over thirty-five years. The principal objective of the IAGC is to foster co-operation in, and advancement of, geochemistry in the broadest sense.

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