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Irish Militant Tendency Irish Militant Tendency was the Irish section of the Committee for a Workers International in the 1970s and 1980s when it practiced entrism in the Irish Labour Party. After being expelled from Labour the group formed what is now the Socialist Party.
Irish Mob The Irish Mob, or Irish Mafia, is one of the oldest organized crime groups in the United States, in existence since the early 19th century. Originating in Irish American street gangs, as immortalized by author Herbert Asbury's 1926 book The Gangs of New York, the Irish Mob has appeared in most major American cities, including Boston, New York City, New Orleans, Cleveland, Philadelphia, Providence, Kansas City, St.
Irish Mob Wars The Irish Mob Wars was a conflict in the 1960s between the two dominant New England Irish-American organized crime gangs in Massachusetts: the Charlestown Mob in Boston, led by brothers Bernard and Edward "Punchy" McLaughlin, and the Winter Hill Gang of Somerville (just north of Boston) headed by James "Buddy" McLean.
Irish Monarchs Irish Monarchs ruled various kingdoms and territories in Ireland for much of its history, though Ireland was never consolidated as a kingdom until Henry VIII in 1542. Until that time, Ireland had a number of High Kings and petty kings.
Irish Mountaineering Club The Irish Mountaineering Club (in Irish, Cumann Sléibhteoireachta na hÉireann, usually called "The IMC") is a mountaineering club based in Dublin, Ireland. Its activities encompass all aspects of mountaineering, but its climbing activities are most prominent.
Irish Museum of Modern Art The Irish Museum of Modern Art, also known as IMMA, opened in May 1991 and is Ireland's leading national institution exhibiting and collecting modern and contemporary art. It is located in the Royal Hospital, Kilmainham, a fine 17th-century building near Heuston Station to the west of Dublin's city centre.
Irish Museums Association The Irish Museums Association is a voluntary, not for profit organisation dedicated to promoting the interests of museums and those who work in them throughout Ireland, both north and south. The IMA organises an annual conference in February, an Annual Lecture in November, publishes newsletters in Spring and Autumn and produces a journal Museum Ireland (ISSN 0961 9690) each Winter.
Irish name A formal Irish Gaelic name consists of a given name and a surname, as in English. Surnames in Irish are generally patronymic in etymology, although they are no longer literal patronyms, as Icelandic names are; for example Karlsson (Son of Karl) or Johansdottir (Daughter of Johan).
Irish national ice hockey team Team Ireland is the National Squad run by the Irish Ice Hockey Association, which competes in the International Ice Hockey Federation, Division Three. The National Squad is ranked 44th in the world in men's ice hockey as of 2006.
Irish neutrality Irish neutrality has been a policy of the Irish Free State and its successor the Republic of Ireland since independence from the United Kingdom in 1922. This article concerns the exact nature of Irish neutrality in practice.
Irish National Federation The Irish National Federation was a nationalist political party in Ireland. It was founded in March 1891 by former members of the National League who had left in protest at Charles Parnell's relationship with Kitty O'Shea.
Irish National Invincibles The Irish National Invincibles, usually known as "the Invincibles" were an extremist nationalist group, largely composed of former Irish Republican Brotherhood members operating independently of the IRB.
Irish National Land League The Irish Land League was an Irish political organization of the late 19th century which sought to help poor tenant farmers. Its primary aim was to abolish "landlordism" in Ireland and enable tenant farmers to own the land they worked on.
Irish National Liberation Army The Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) is an Irish republican paramilitary organization which was formed on December 8, 1974. Sharing a common ideology with the Irish Republican Socialist Movement (a political wing, the Irish Republican Socialist Party (IRSP), was formed the same day).
Irish National War Memorial Gardens The Irish National War Memorial Gardens are dedicated to to the memory of the 49,400 Irish soldiers who died between 1914-1918 in the First World War (Great War). They were designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens (1869-1944).
Irish Nationwide Irish Nationwide is a building society based in the Republic of Ireland. It has a branch network throughout the country and also has UK branches in Belfast and London as well as an Isle of Man division, based in Douglas.
Irish one pound coin The one pound coin was introduced on 20 June 1990. The design is of a red deer, by the Irish artist Tom Ryan, and based on photographs taken by Sean Ryan of red deer from the Irish national deer herd in Killarney National Park.
Irish Open SC Championships The Irish Open Short Course Championships along with the Irish LC Championships, are the highest level competition which takes place in Ireland. Commonly referred to as 'The Nationals' the competition is run by Swim Ireland and takes place each year at the end of July/beginning of August and traditionally close that national swimming season.
Irish penal rosary The Irish Penal Rosary was a single-decade rosary used in Ireland during penal times when religious objects were forbidden. This version of the rosary is easily hidden, allowing devout Roman Catholics to pray with less fear of being detected.
Irish penny coin The penny coin was the third smallest denomination of the Irish pound at 1/240 of a pound. At the time of the coin's introduction it was described as "most frequently used by the women of the house and by the children", this description today would almost certainly lead to accusations of sexism but in the Irish Free State of 1928 it caused little effect.
Irish phonology The phonology of the Irish language varies from dialect to dialect; there is no standard pronunciation of the language. Therefore, this article focuses on phenomena that pertain generally to most or all dialects, and on the major differences among the dialects.
Irish pirate radio Pirate radio in Ireland has had a long history, with hundreds of stations having operated from within the country. Due to past lax enforcement of the rules, the lack of commercial radio until 1989, and the small physical size of the country, pirate radio has proliferated up to recent years.
Irish poetry The history of Irish poetry includes the poetries of two languages, one in Irish and the other in English. The complex interplay between these two traditions, and between both of them and other poetries in English, has produced a body of work that is both rich in variety and difficult to categorise.
Irish presidential election, 1945 The Irish presidential election in 1945 was Ireland's first contested presidential election. With the decision of President Douglas Hyde not to seek a second term, Fianna Fáil decided to nominate its deputy leader, An Tánaiste Sean T.
Irish presidential election, 1959 In the Irish presidential election in 1959 Fianna Fáil's founder and longterm leader, Taoiseach Éamon de Valera (under pressure from members of his party) decided to leave active party politics and seek the presidency. The main opposition party, Fine Gael, decided to run its defeated candidate in 1945, General Sean MacEoin, against him.
Irish presidential election, 1966 In the Irish presidential election in 1966 President Éamon de Valera reluctantly agreed under Fianna Fáil party pressure to seek a second term. Fine Gael decided to run one of its younger TDs, Tom O'Higgins against him.
Irish presidential election, 1973 In the Irish presidential election in 1973, with President de Valera constitutionally barred from seeking a third term, Fianna Fáil sought to get former Tánaiste Frank Aiken to run for the presidency, but he declined. Under pressure, former Tánaiste Erskine Hamilton Childers agreed to run.
Irish presidential election, 1976 The 1976 Irish presidential election was precipitated by the sudden resignation of President Ó Dálaigh in October 1976, following an attack on him by Paddy Donegan, the Irish Minister for Defence in which the Minister called the President a "thundering disgrace" and implied he was disloyal to the state.1 Ó Dálaigh's resignation followed Dáil Éireann's decision to vote confidence in the minister in the ensuring row.
Irish presidential election, 1983 In the Irish presidential election in 1983 outgoing President Hillery agreed under enormous political pressure to seek a second term. Though former Nobel and Lenin Peace Prize winner Sean MacBride made it known in the Sunday Press newspaper that he wanted to contest the office, only Hillery was nominated and was declared re-elected without the need for a popular vote.
Irish presidential election, 2004 The date for Ireland's presidential election was set for 22 October, 2004. However, nominations closed at noon on 1 October and the incumbent president, Mary McAleese, who had nominated herself in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, was the only person nominated.
Irish Parliamentary Party The “”Irish Parliamentary Party”” (IPP) (commonly called the Irish Party) was formed in 1882 by Charles Stewart Parnell, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament (MPs) elected to the House of Commons at Westminster within the United Kingdom up until 1918. Its central objectives were legislative independence for Ireland and land reform.
Irish Peatland Conservation Council The Irish Peatland Conservation Council (IPCC) is a national organisation established in 1982 to conserve and protect a representative sample of Irish bogs. Its headquarters are located at the Bog of Allen Nature Centre, Lullymore, Rathangan, Co.
Irish People's Liberation Organisation The Irish People's Liberation Organisation was a small Irish republican paramilitary organization which was formed in 1986 by disaffected and expelled members of the Irish National Liberation Army whose factions coalesced in the aftermath of the supergrass trials. It developed a reputation for intra-republican violence and criminality, before being forcibly disbanded by the Provisional Irish Republican Army in 1992.
Irish Potato Famine (1845–1849) The Great Famine or the Great Hunger (Irish: An Gorta Mór or An Drochshaol), known more commonly outside of Ireland as the Irish Potato Famine, is the name given to the famine in Ireland between 1845 and 1849. The Famine was due to the appearance of "the Blight" (also known as phytophthora)– the potato fungus that almost instantly destroyed the primary food source for the majority of the island's population.
Irish Premier League The Irish Premier League is the top tier of the Irish Football League, which operates in Northern Ireland. It should not be confused with the Football League of Ireland, which operates in the Republic of Ireland.
Irish Public Records Office The Irish Public Records Office was an archive of political, religious and administrative documents dating back to the 12th century. It was housed in the Four Courts building in the centre of Dublin until 1922, when it was destroyed in controversial circumstances during the Dublin fighting in the Irish Civil War.
Irish question The Irish Question is the phrase used for the internal dispute in Britain concerning Irish nationalism and calls for independence. This ended in the separation of an independent country, at first known as the Irish Free State, now called Ireland, from Northern Ireland which remained part of the United Kingdom.
Irish Quebecers In modern Quebec many Quebecers are partly of Irish descent, making them Irish Quebecers. It is estimated that about 40% of French-speaking Quebecers have Irish ancestry on at least one side of their family tree.
Irish rebel music Irish rebel music is a sub genre of Irish folk music, with much the same instrumentation, but with lyrics about the fight for Irish freedom, people who were involved in liberation movements, Celtic unity, and attacks on the 'British invaders'. Over the years, a number of bands have performed "Crossover" music, that is, Irish rebel lyrics and instrumentation mixed with other, more pop styles like hip hop.
Irish regiment An Irish regiment is a regiment (or similar military unit), excepting those actually in the Irish Defence Forces, that at some time in its history has or had intentional recruitment consisting primarily of members either from Ireland or of Irish descent. Irish regiments took part in several conflicts in world history.
Irish republican legitimatism Irish republican legitimatism is a term that may be used to describe a current within Irish republicanism that denies the legitimacy of the political entities of Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland and argues that the Irish Republic continues to exist.
Irish rock Rock and roll has been a part of the music of Ireland since the 1960s, when the British Invasion brought British blues, psychedelic rock and other styles to the island. The Irish music scene in the 1960s and much of the 1970s was dominated by the unique Irish phenomenon of the 'Showbands' which were groups of professional performers who played at dancehalls and clubs across the country putting on a professional 'show' and playing all the American and British hits of the era.
Irish round tower Irish round towers are early medieval stone towers of a type found mainly in Ireland and a few in Scotland. Though there is no certain agreement as to their purpose, it is thought they were principally bell towers, places of refuge, or a mixture of these.
Irish Rebellion of 1641 The Irish Rebellion of 1641 began as an attempted coup d'état by Irish Catholic gentry, but rapidly degenerated into bloody intercommunal violence between native Irish Catholics and English and Scottish Protestant settlers. The rising was sparked off by Catholic fears of an impending invasion of Ireland by anti-Catholic forces of the English Long Parliament and the Scottish Covenanters.
Irish Rebellion of 1798 The Irish Rebellion of 1798 (Éirà Amach 1798 in Irish), or 1798 rebellion as it is known locally, was an uprising in 1798, lasting several months, against the British dominated Kingdom of Ireland. The United Irishmen, a republican revolutionary group influenced by the ideas of the American and French Revolutions, were the main organizing force behind the rebellion.
Irish Recorded Music Association The Irish Recorded Music Association (IRMA) is the Irish record industry association. They are a not-for-profit association set up by record companies and companies carrying on associated trades in the Republic of Ireland, to provide members with a convenient means to discuss matters of common interest between themselves and to provide a medium to represent the Irish record industry in negotiations with Government Departments and other interested parties.
Irish Reform Act 1832 The Irish Reform Act 1832 was an Act of Parliament that introduced wide-ranging changes to the election laws of Ireland. The act was passed at approximately the same time as the Reform Act 1832, which applied to England.
Irish Refugee and Integration Agency The Refugee and Integration Agency (RIA) was established by the Irish government on 2 April 2001. Resulting from the merger of the Direcorate for Asylum Support Services and the Refugee Agency (which was part of the Department of Foreign Affairs), it is part of the Department of Justice, Equality and Law Reform.
Irish Republic The Irish Republic (Irish: Poblacht na hÉireann or Saorstát Éireann) was a unilaterally declared independent state of Ireland proclaimed in the Easter Rising in 1916 and established in 1919 by Dáil Éireann. Its existence coincided with the Irish War of Independence of 1919-1922 between the Irish Republican Army and the forces of the United Kingdom.
Irish Republican Army This article is about the historical army of the self-proclaimed Irish Republic (1919–1922) which fought in the Irish War of Independence 1919-21, and the Irish Civil War 1922-23. For later groups claiming to be continuations of this organisation, such as the Provisional IRA, see List of IRAs.
Irish Republican Army (1922–1969) The original Irish Republican Army fought a guerrilla war against British rule in Ireland in the Irish War of Independence 1919-1921. Following the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty on 6 December 1921, the Irish Republican Army in the 26 counties that were to become the Irish Free State split between supporters and opponents of the Treaty.
Irish Republican Socialist Committees of North America The Irish Republican Socialist Committees of North America (IRSCNA) was founded in March 1984 in Saint Paul, Minnesota as a support group for the Irish Republican Socialist Movement. In 1998, it was formally recognised as the North American section of the IRSMIrish Republican Socialist Party.
Irish Republican Socialist Movement The Irish Republican Socialist Movement is an umbrella term for the political-paramilitary grouping of the Irish Republican Socialist Party, the Irish National Liberation Army, prisoners who belong to either the IRSP or the INLA, the Irish Republican Socialist Committees of North America, and the Republican Socialist Youth Movement.
Irish Republican Socialist Party The Irish Republican Socialist Party (IRSP) describes itself as a republican socialist party and claims to be both Marxist and republican. Like many political parties in Ireland, it claims the legacy of socialist revolutionary James Connolly, who founded the Irish Socialist Republican Party in 1896 and was executed after the Easter Rising of 1916.
Irish Republican Solidarity Group The Irish Republican Solidarity Group was formed in 2004, as a think tank for all groups in Britain campaigning for a United Ireland. The IRSG is made up of members of Cairde Na hÉireann, James Connolly Society, James Larkin Society, Troops Out Movement and the Wolfe Tone Society, as well as independent members.
Irish Republicanism Irish Republicanism is an ideology based on the Irish nationalist belief that all of Ireland should be a single independent republic, whether as a unitary state, a federal state or as a confederal arrangement.New Ireland Forum report.
Irish Royal Families The Irish Royal Families were dynasties who ruled kingdoms or territories on the island of Ireland over the last several thousand years. While the majority were essentially just chiefs or lords of their people and territory, there were many significant dynasties, some of whom demonstrably ruled for a millennium.
Irish settlement in Argentina Irish settlement in Argentina is part of the story of immigration in Argentina, by the Irish diaspora, Irish emigrants from the northern and southern sections of Ireland (plus Northern Ireland made of Protestant Ulster-Scots), who arrived in Argentina mainly during the 19th century, with the largest wave taking place between 1830 and 1875. The modern Irish-Argentine community is composed of their descendants, numbering between 300,000 and 500,000 according to estimates, making Argentina the home of the fifth largest Irish community in the world.
Irish shilling coin The shilling coin was a pre-decimal coin and worth 1/20 of an Irish pound. The coin featured the bull and the original minting of the coin from 1928 until 1942 contained 75% silver, this Irish coin had a higher content than the equivalent British coin.
Irish showband In Ireland, from the mid 1950s to the late 1970s, the main source of music at dance halls was the showband. These were initially smaller imitations of Dixieland big bands, with 6–12 musicians and one or two singers; later the repertoire expanded to include cover versions of whatever was popular on the radio: rock and roll, country and western, jazz standards and Irish traditional music.
Irish states since 1171 Irish states have existed under a number of different names for nearly a thousand years. A unified Irish proto-state had been coalescing from the multitude of small tribal kingdoms that existed circa AD 500, similar to the pattern elsewhere in Europe.
Irish stepdance Irish stepdance is a type of performance dance originating in Ireland from traditional Irish dance. Irish stepdancing has been recently popularized by the world-famous show "Riverdance" and its followers.
Irish stew Irish stew is a traditional Irish dish made from lamb or mutton as well as potatoes, onions, and parsley1. It originated in Ireland but appears in cookbooks all over Europe, including in Escoffier's Guide Culinaire.
Irish Sea The Irish Sea (Irish: Muir Éireann; Welsh: Môr Iwerddon) separates the islands of Ireland and Great Britain. It is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by St George's Channel between the Republic of Ireland and Wales and Cornwall to the south and by the North Channel between Northern Ireland and Scotland to the north-east.
Irish Senior Cup (Ladies Hockey) The Irish Senior Cup (Ladies Hockey) is the premier knockout trophy played for by the top ladies hockey clubs in Ireland. The competition is held under the auspices of the Irish Hockey Association, a body that was formed with the merger of the Mens and Ladies Unions in 2000.
Irish Setter The Irish Setter, also known as the Red Setter, is a breed of gundog and family dog. The term Irish Setter is commonly used to encompass the Show-bred dog recognized by the AKC as well as the field-bred Red Setter recognized by the Field Dog Stud Book.
Irish Sign Language Irish Sign Language (ISL) is the sign language of Ireland, used primarily in the Republic of Ireland. It is also used in Northern Ireland, though Northern Ireland Sign Language (NISL) and British Sign Language are used more often.
Irish Singles Chart The Irish Singles Chart is the Irish music industry standard singles popularity chart issued weekly by the Irish Recorded Music Association and compiled on behalf of the IRMA by Chart-Track. Chart rankings are based on sales, which are compiled through over-the-counter retail data captured electronically each day from retailers' EPOS systems.
Irish Stock Exchange The Irish Stock Exchange (ISE) is Ireland's stock exchange, formed through the merger of the Cork and Dublin exchanges, both of which have existed as far back as 1793. In 1799, the Irish Parliament passed the Stock Exchange (Dublin) Act which regulated the Cork and Dublin Stock Exchanges.
Irish ten pence (decimal coin) The ten pence coin was introduced on Decimal Day, February 15, 1971 and reused the design on the florin coin produced for the Irish Free State in 1928. Some florin coins remained in circulation until 1994, with the same nominal value, size and weight as the ten pence coin.
Irish ten shilling coin The ten shilling coin was a pre-decimal coin and worth 1/2 of an Irish pound; the highest value coin in the pre-decimal system. The coin featured CĂşchulainn, the mythical Irish hero, the coin was produced for the 50th anniversary of the Easter Rising and commenced circulation on April 12 1966 and was designed by T Hugh Paget.
Irish theatre The history of Irish theatre begins with the rise of the English administration in Dublin at the start of the 17th century. Over the next 400 years this small country was to make a disproportionate contribution to drama in English.
Irish twenty pence (decimal coin) The twenty pence coin, which features the horse (an Irish hunter) that was on the half-crown coin that was produced for the Irish Free State in 1928, was introduced on October 30 1986. This is first Irish decimal coin that was of a different size to the corresponding decimal British coinage which had until this point remained the same.
Irish twins Irish twins is a slang term that refers to siblings born 9 to 12 months apart - usually in the same calendar year, or who are in the same class in school. It references a perception about families of Irish Catholics who may not use birth control (and thus may have children in quicker succession), but it is often used endearingly by the families of the "twins" themselves.
Irish Traction Group The Irish Traction Group is a railway preservation society dedicated to preserving diesel locomotives from Irish Railways. It was formed in 1989, with the intention of attempting to preserve at least one example of every type of diesel locomative to have operated on Irish Rail.
Irish Translators' & Interpreters' Association The Irish Translators' & Interpreters' Association (ITIA) (or, Cumann Aistritheoirà agus Teangairà na hÉireann in Irish) is a professional association representing translators and interpreters in Ireland.
Irish Transport and General Workers' Union The Irish Transport and General Workers Union, an Irish trade union, was founded by James Larkin in 1908 as a general union. Initially drawing its membership from branches of the Liverpool-based National Union of Dock Labourers, from which Larkin had been expelled, it grew to include workers in a range of industries.
Irish Unionist Alliance The Irish Unionist Alliance (Irish: An Comhortas Aontachtóirà Éireannach) is a small Irish Unionist organisation set up to explore the "the potential for building a sustainable unionist movement"Irish Unionist website. in the Republic of Ireland.
Irish Unionist Party The Irish Unionist Party was a Unionist party founded in Ireland in the second half of the 19th century to oppose plans for "Gladstonian home rule for Ireland. The party was led for much of its life by Colonel Edward James Saunderson and later by the William St John Fremantle Brodrick, Viscount (later the Earl of) Midleton.
Irish Universities Association The Irish Universities’ Association (IUA) is the representative body of the heads of the seven Irish universities and is based at Merrion Square, Dublin. The IUA is a non-profit making body, it was created in the late 1970s as the Conference of Heads of Irish Universities (CHIU) and was formally incorporated in 1997 with charitable status and adopted its current name in 2005.
Irish University Bill The Irish University Bill forms part of the panorama of initiatives to provide more adequate provision of university education in Ireland in the 19th and 20th centuries. The Bill was announced by British Prime Minister William Gladstone in February 1873.
Irish visual artists Irish visual art in the twentieth and twenty-first century is still in it's emerging state. The visual arts in the Republic of Ireland have more often than not played the 'poor cousin' to the other arts such as literature and theatre.
Irish Volunteers The Irish Volunteers (Óglaigh na hÉireann) were a paramilitary organization established by Irish Nationalists in 1913 "to secure and maintain the rights and liberties common to the whole people of Ireland", and to help enforce the imminent Home Rule Act.
Irish War of Independence The Irish War of Independence (or the Anglo-Irish WarThe war is often referred to as the "Irish War of Independence" in Ireland and as the "Anglo-Irish War" in Britain, the "Tan War" by anti-Treaty republicans and was known contemporarily as "the Troubles", not to be confused with the later conflict in Northern Ireland, which is also referred to as the "the Troubles".) was a guerrilla campaign mounted against the British government in Ireland by the Irish Republican Army under the proclaimed legitimacy of the First Dáil, the Irish parliament created in 1918 by a majority of Irish MPs.
Irish Whip Wrestling Irish Whip Wrestling (IwW) is a professional wrestling promotion based in the southeast of Ireland which has been running shows since 2002. IwW is widely accepted as the top independent promotion of Ireland with its roster of homegrown stars and international talent performing throughout several tours of the island as well as on their weekly television show, Whiplash TV, which broadcasts Sky channel TWC in Ireland, Britain, and mainland Europe.
Irish Wilderness The United States Congress designated the Irish Wilderness in 1984 and it now has a total of 16,227 acres. The Irish Wilderness is located within the Eleven Point Ranger District, of the Mark Twain National Forest, 10 miles northeast of Alton, Missouri.
Irish Workers' Party The Irish Workers' Party was a communist party in the Republic of Ireland, which emerged a split in the Communist Party of Ireland. It was founded as the Irish Workers' League in 1948 by communists unhappy with the CPI policy of entrism into the Labour Party, particularly given the coalition of the Labour Party with Fine Gael.
Irish-American Heritage Month Irish-American Heritage Month is a special month issued by Presidential proclamation created to honor the achievements of Irish immigrants and their descendants, living in the United States of America. March is the month of Irish-American Heritage Month.
Irishtarot Irishtarot is a Tarot company registered in Dublin, in the Republic of Ireland. Founded by broadcaster David O'Reilly in 2000 the company has gone from strength to strength with interest in The Ireland on Sunday newspaper, RTÉ Television and with their own radio show on Dublin's Country Mix 106.
Irishtown Bend Irishtown Bend is an area of Cleveland, Ohio, USA located along the Cuyahoga River in the Flats. The area was developed in the mid 19th century by immigrant Irish who came to the area as laborers for the construction of the city's railways and canal.
Irishtown Stadium Irishtown Stadium was originally built in the 1950s by Shelbourne FC, a football club in the League of Ireland. Shels however only spent one season (1955/56) playing competitive first team matches there due to lack of spectator facilities.
IrishWAN IrishWAN is a not-for-profit project which hopes to create WAN coverage for the Republic of Ireland enabling people in rural areas to have access to its services. In some areas this may include broadband connections to the internethttp://www.
Irit Ziffer Dr. Irit Margit Ziffer (born 1954 in Tel Aviv, Israel), archaeologist and art-historian, is the current curator of the Ceramics and Copper (hebrew: Nehushtán) pavilions of the Eretz Israel Museum in Tel Aviv.
Iriver H100 series The iriver H100 series (originally iHP-100 series) is a series of discontinued portable digital audio players (DAP) made by iriver company. The H100 players differ only in hard drive storage capacity, RAM size, color, and thickness.
Iriver H300 series The iriver H300 series of hard disk based multi-codec music jukebox player is comprised of two models, the iriver H320 and the iriver H340. As well as being able to play music, it is capable of transferring pictures directly from digital cameras and UMS-compatible devices, such as flash drives (on the international version), and displaying digital images on a colour screen.
Iriya no Sora, UFO no Natsu is the title of a Japanese sci-fi story written by Akiyama Mizuhito that centers on the relationship between Kana Iriya, a high school girl who has to fight alien invaders, and Naoyuki Asaba, a member of the school newspaper club and one of her few friends.
Irkutsk Oblast Irkutsk Oblast (, Irkutskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in south-eastern Siberia in the basins of Angara River, Lena, and Nizhnyaya Tunguska Rivers, and occupies the area of 767,900 km² (fifth largest in Russia with 4.6% of Russia's territory).
Irlams o' th' Height Irlams o' th' Height is an area within Salford, toward the north west corner of the city. It is on the extremity of the Salford City boundary, and crosses over the Swinton and Pendlebury area of Salford City Council.
Irma Anderson Irma A. Anderson was the first African American woman elected mayor of a major California city, serving Richmond, California between 2001 and 2006, she ran for reelection as the incumbant Democrat in the 2006 mayorial race and lost to Green challenger councilperson Gayle McLaughlin by 192 votes, her term expired on November 21 2006.
Irma Baltuttis Elsbeth Johanna Irma Buttis (lithuanian Baltutis, September 28 1920 – May 20 1958) was a German singer and entertainer based in Leipzig, Germany. After some training in music during the Third Reich, her singing career took place entirely within the German Democratic Republic after the Soviet occupation of the East Zone.
Irish Mob The Irish Mob, or Irish Mafia, is one of the oldest organized crime groups in the United States, in existence since the early 19th century. Originating in Irish American street gangs, as immortalized by author Herbert Asbury's 1926 book The Gangs of New York, the Irish Mob has appeared in most major American cities, including Boston, New York City, New Orleans, Cleveland, Philadelphia, Providence, Kansas City, St.
Irish Mob Wars The Irish Mob Wars was a conflict in the 1960s between the two dominant New England Irish-American organized crime gangs in Massachusetts: the Charlestown Mob in Boston, led by brothers Bernard and Edward "Punchy" McLaughlin, and the Winter Hill Gang of Somerville (just north of Boston) headed by James "Buddy" McLean.
Irish Monarchs Irish Monarchs ruled various kingdoms and territories in Ireland for much of its history, though Ireland was never consolidated as a kingdom until Henry VIII in 1542. Until that time, Ireland had a number of High Kings and petty kings.
Irish Mountaineering Club The Irish Mountaineering Club (in Irish, Cumann Sléibhteoireachta na hÉireann, usually called "The IMC") is a mountaineering club based in Dublin, Ireland. Its activities encompass all aspects of mountaineering, but its climbing activities are most prominent.
Irish Museum of Modern Art The Irish Museum of Modern Art, also known as IMMA, opened in May 1991 and is Ireland's leading national institution exhibiting and collecting modern and contemporary art. It is located in the Royal Hospital, Kilmainham, a fine 17th-century building near Heuston Station to the west of Dublin's city centre.
Irish Museums Association The Irish Museums Association is a voluntary, not for profit organisation dedicated to promoting the interests of museums and those who work in them throughout Ireland, both north and south. The IMA organises an annual conference in February, an Annual Lecture in November, publishes newsletters in Spring and Autumn and produces a journal Museum Ireland (ISSN 0961 9690) each Winter.
Irish name A formal Irish Gaelic name consists of a given name and a surname, as in English. Surnames in Irish are generally patronymic in etymology, although they are no longer literal patronyms, as Icelandic names are; for example Karlsson (Son of Karl) or Johansdottir (Daughter of Johan).
Irish national ice hockey team Team Ireland is the National Squad run by the Irish Ice Hockey Association, which competes in the International Ice Hockey Federation, Division Three. The National Squad is ranked 44th in the world in men's ice hockey as of 2006.
Irish neutrality Irish neutrality has been a policy of the Irish Free State and its successor the Republic of Ireland since independence from the United Kingdom in 1922. This article concerns the exact nature of Irish neutrality in practice.
Irish National Federation The Irish National Federation was a nationalist political party in Ireland. It was founded in March 1891 by former members of the National League who had left in protest at Charles Parnell's relationship with Kitty O'Shea.
Irish National Invincibles The Irish National Invincibles, usually known as "the Invincibles" were an extremist nationalist group, largely composed of former Irish Republican Brotherhood members operating independently of the IRB.
Irish National Land League The Irish Land League was an Irish political organization of the late 19th century which sought to help poor tenant farmers. Its primary aim was to abolish "landlordism" in Ireland and enable tenant farmers to own the land they worked on.
Irish National Liberation Army The Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) is an Irish republican paramilitary organization which was formed on December 8, 1974. Sharing a common ideology with the Irish Republican Socialist Movement (a political wing, the Irish Republican Socialist Party (IRSP), was formed the same day).
Irish National War Memorial Gardens The Irish National War Memorial Gardens are dedicated to to the memory of the 49,400 Irish soldiers who died between 1914-1918 in the First World War (Great War). They were designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens (1869-1944).
Irish Nationwide Irish Nationwide is a building society based in the Republic of Ireland. It has a branch network throughout the country and also has UK branches in Belfast and London as well as an Isle of Man division, based in Douglas.
Irish one pound coin The one pound coin was introduced on 20 June 1990. The design is of a red deer, by the Irish artist Tom Ryan, and based on photographs taken by Sean Ryan of red deer from the Irish national deer herd in Killarney National Park.
Irish Open SC Championships The Irish Open Short Course Championships along with the Irish LC Championships, are the highest level competition which takes place in Ireland. Commonly referred to as 'The Nationals' the competition is run by Swim Ireland and takes place each year at the end of July/beginning of August and traditionally close that national swimming season.
Irish penal rosary The Irish Penal Rosary was a single-decade rosary used in Ireland during penal times when religious objects were forbidden. This version of the rosary is easily hidden, allowing devout Roman Catholics to pray with less fear of being detected.
Irish penny coin The penny coin was the third smallest denomination of the Irish pound at 1/240 of a pound. At the time of the coin's introduction it was described as "most frequently used by the women of the house and by the children", this description today would almost certainly lead to accusations of sexism but in the Irish Free State of 1928 it caused little effect.
Irish phonology The phonology of the Irish language varies from dialect to dialect; there is no standard pronunciation of the language. Therefore, this article focuses on phenomena that pertain generally to most or all dialects, and on the major differences among the dialects.
Irish pirate radio Pirate radio in Ireland has had a long history, with hundreds of stations having operated from within the country. Due to past lax enforcement of the rules, the lack of commercial radio until 1989, and the small physical size of the country, pirate radio has proliferated up to recent years.
Irish poetry The history of Irish poetry includes the poetries of two languages, one in Irish and the other in English. The complex interplay between these two traditions, and between both of them and other poetries in English, has produced a body of work that is both rich in variety and difficult to categorise.
Irish presidential election, 1945 The Irish presidential election in 1945 was Ireland's first contested presidential election. With the decision of President Douglas Hyde not to seek a second term, Fianna Fáil decided to nominate its deputy leader, An Tánaiste Sean T.
Irish presidential election, 1959 In the Irish presidential election in 1959 Fianna Fáil's founder and longterm leader, Taoiseach Éamon de Valera (under pressure from members of his party) decided to leave active party politics and seek the presidency. The main opposition party, Fine Gael, decided to run its defeated candidate in 1945, General Sean MacEoin, against him.
Irish presidential election, 1966 In the Irish presidential election in 1966 President Éamon de Valera reluctantly agreed under Fianna Fáil party pressure to seek a second term. Fine Gael decided to run one of its younger TDs, Tom O'Higgins against him.
Irish presidential election, 1973 In the Irish presidential election in 1973, with President de Valera constitutionally barred from seeking a third term, Fianna Fáil sought to get former Tánaiste Frank Aiken to run for the presidency, but he declined. Under pressure, former Tánaiste Erskine Hamilton Childers agreed to run.
Irish presidential election, 1976 The 1976 Irish presidential election was precipitated by the sudden resignation of President Ó Dálaigh in October 1976, following an attack on him by Paddy Donegan, the Irish Minister for Defence in which the Minister called the President a "thundering disgrace" and implied he was disloyal to the state.1 Ó Dálaigh's resignation followed Dáil Éireann's decision to vote confidence in the minister in the ensuring row.
Irish presidential election, 1983 In the Irish presidential election in 1983 outgoing President Hillery agreed under enormous political pressure to seek a second term. Though former Nobel and Lenin Peace Prize winner Sean MacBride made it known in the Sunday Press newspaper that he wanted to contest the office, only Hillery was nominated and was declared re-elected without the need for a popular vote.
Irish presidential election, 2004 The date for Ireland's presidential election was set for 22 October, 2004. However, nominations closed at noon on 1 October and the incumbent president, Mary McAleese, who had nominated herself in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, was the only person nominated.
Irish Parliamentary Party The “”Irish Parliamentary Party”” (IPP) (commonly called the Irish Party) was formed in 1882 by Charles Stewart Parnell, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament (MPs) elected to the House of Commons at Westminster within the United Kingdom up until 1918. Its central objectives were legislative independence for Ireland and land reform.
Irish Peatland Conservation Council The Irish Peatland Conservation Council (IPCC) is a national organisation established in 1982 to conserve and protect a representative sample of Irish bogs. Its headquarters are located at the Bog of Allen Nature Centre, Lullymore, Rathangan, Co.
Irish People's Liberation Organisation The Irish People's Liberation Organisation was a small Irish republican paramilitary organization which was formed in 1986 by disaffected and expelled members of the Irish National Liberation Army whose factions coalesced in the aftermath of the supergrass trials. It developed a reputation for intra-republican violence and criminality, before being forcibly disbanded by the Provisional Irish Republican Army in 1992.
Irish Potato Famine (1845–1849) The Great Famine or the Great Hunger (Irish: An Gorta Mór or An Drochshaol), known more commonly outside of Ireland as the Irish Potato Famine, is the name given to the famine in Ireland between 1845 and 1849. The Famine was due to the appearance of "the Blight" (also known as phytophthora)– the potato fungus that almost instantly destroyed the primary food source for the majority of the island's population.
Irish Premier League The Irish Premier League is the top tier of the Irish Football League, which operates in Northern Ireland. It should not be confused with the Football League of Ireland, which operates in the Republic of Ireland.
Irish Public Records Office The Irish Public Records Office was an archive of political, religious and administrative documents dating back to the 12th century. It was housed in the Four Courts building in the centre of Dublin until 1922, when it was destroyed in controversial circumstances during the Dublin fighting in the Irish Civil War.
Irish question The Irish Question is the phrase used for the internal dispute in Britain concerning Irish nationalism and calls for independence. This ended in the separation of an independent country, at first known as the Irish Free State, now called Ireland, from Northern Ireland which remained part of the United Kingdom.
Irish Quebecers In modern Quebec many Quebecers are partly of Irish descent, making them Irish Quebecers. It is estimated that about 40% of French-speaking Quebecers have Irish ancestry on at least one side of their family tree.
Irish rebel music Irish rebel music is a sub genre of Irish folk music, with much the same instrumentation, but with lyrics about the fight for Irish freedom, people who were involved in liberation movements, Celtic unity, and attacks on the 'British invaders'. Over the years, a number of bands have performed "Crossover" music, that is, Irish rebel lyrics and instrumentation mixed with other, more pop styles like hip hop.
Irish regiment An Irish regiment is a regiment (or similar military unit), excepting those actually in the Irish Defence Forces, that at some time in its history has or had intentional recruitment consisting primarily of members either from Ireland or of Irish descent. Irish regiments took part in several conflicts in world history.
Irish republican legitimatism Irish republican legitimatism is a term that may be used to describe a current within Irish republicanism that denies the legitimacy of the political entities of Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland and argues that the Irish Republic continues to exist.
Irish rock Rock and roll has been a part of the music of Ireland since the 1960s, when the British Invasion brought British blues, psychedelic rock and other styles to the island. The Irish music scene in the 1960s and much of the 1970s was dominated by the unique Irish phenomenon of the 'Showbands' which were groups of professional performers who played at dancehalls and clubs across the country putting on a professional 'show' and playing all the American and British hits of the era.
Irish round tower Irish round towers are early medieval stone towers of a type found mainly in Ireland and a few in Scotland. Though there is no certain agreement as to their purpose, it is thought they were principally bell towers, places of refuge, or a mixture of these.
Irish Rebellion of 1641 The Irish Rebellion of 1641 began as an attempted coup d'état by Irish Catholic gentry, but rapidly degenerated into bloody intercommunal violence between native Irish Catholics and English and Scottish Protestant settlers. The rising was sparked off by Catholic fears of an impending invasion of Ireland by anti-Catholic forces of the English Long Parliament and the Scottish Covenanters.
Irish Rebellion of 1798 The Irish Rebellion of 1798 (Éirà Amach 1798 in Irish), or 1798 rebellion as it is known locally, was an uprising in 1798, lasting several months, against the British dominated Kingdom of Ireland. The United Irishmen, a republican revolutionary group influenced by the ideas of the American and French Revolutions, were the main organizing force behind the rebellion.
Irish Recorded Music Association The Irish Recorded Music Association (IRMA) is the Irish record industry association. They are a not-for-profit association set up by record companies and companies carrying on associated trades in the Republic of Ireland, to provide members with a convenient means to discuss matters of common interest between themselves and to provide a medium to represent the Irish record industry in negotiations with Government Departments and other interested parties.
Irish Reform Act 1832 The Irish Reform Act 1832 was an Act of Parliament that introduced wide-ranging changes to the election laws of Ireland. The act was passed at approximately the same time as the Reform Act 1832, which applied to England.
Irish Refugee and Integration Agency The Refugee and Integration Agency (RIA) was established by the Irish government on 2 April 2001. Resulting from the merger of the Direcorate for Asylum Support Services and the Refugee Agency (which was part of the Department of Foreign Affairs), it is part of the Department of Justice, Equality and Law Reform.
Irish Republic The Irish Republic (Irish: Poblacht na hÉireann or Saorstát Éireann) was a unilaterally declared independent state of Ireland proclaimed in the Easter Rising in 1916 and established in 1919 by Dáil Éireann. Its existence coincided with the Irish War of Independence of 1919-1922 between the Irish Republican Army and the forces of the United Kingdom.
Irish Republican Army This article is about the historical army of the self-proclaimed Irish Republic (1919–1922) which fought in the Irish War of Independence 1919-21, and the Irish Civil War 1922-23. For later groups claiming to be continuations of this organisation, such as the Provisional IRA, see List of IRAs.
Irish Republican Army (1922–1969) The original Irish Republican Army fought a guerrilla war against British rule in Ireland in the Irish War of Independence 1919-1921. Following the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty on 6 December 1921, the Irish Republican Army in the 26 counties that were to become the Irish Free State split between supporters and opponents of the Treaty.
Irish Republican Socialist Committees of North America The Irish Republican Socialist Committees of North America (IRSCNA) was founded in March 1984 in Saint Paul, Minnesota as a support group for the Irish Republican Socialist Movement. In 1998, it was formally recognised as the North American section of the IRSMIrish Republican Socialist Party.
Irish Republican Socialist Movement The Irish Republican Socialist Movement is an umbrella term for the political-paramilitary grouping of the Irish Republican Socialist Party, the Irish National Liberation Army, prisoners who belong to either the IRSP or the INLA, the Irish Republican Socialist Committees of North America, and the Republican Socialist Youth Movement.
Irish Republican Socialist Party The Irish Republican Socialist Party (IRSP) describes itself as a republican socialist party and claims to be both Marxist and republican. Like many political parties in Ireland, it claims the legacy of socialist revolutionary James Connolly, who founded the Irish Socialist Republican Party in 1896 and was executed after the Easter Rising of 1916.
Irish Republican Solidarity Group The Irish Republican Solidarity Group was formed in 2004, as a think tank for all groups in Britain campaigning for a United Ireland. The IRSG is made up of members of Cairde Na hÉireann, James Connolly Society, James Larkin Society, Troops Out Movement and the Wolfe Tone Society, as well as independent members.
Irish Republicanism Irish Republicanism is an ideology based on the Irish nationalist belief that all of Ireland should be a single independent republic, whether as a unitary state, a federal state or as a confederal arrangement.New Ireland Forum report.
Irish Royal Families The Irish Royal Families were dynasties who ruled kingdoms or territories on the island of Ireland over the last several thousand years. While the majority were essentially just chiefs or lords of their people and territory, there were many significant dynasties, some of whom demonstrably ruled for a millennium.
Irish settlement in Argentina Irish settlement in Argentina is part of the story of immigration in Argentina, by the Irish diaspora, Irish emigrants from the northern and southern sections of Ireland (plus Northern Ireland made of Protestant Ulster-Scots), who arrived in Argentina mainly during the 19th century, with the largest wave taking place between 1830 and 1875. The modern Irish-Argentine community is composed of their descendants, numbering between 300,000 and 500,000 according to estimates, making Argentina the home of the fifth largest Irish community in the world.
Irish shilling coin The shilling coin was a pre-decimal coin and worth 1/20 of an Irish pound. The coin featured the bull and the original minting of the coin from 1928 until 1942 contained 75% silver, this Irish coin had a higher content than the equivalent British coin.
Irish showband In Ireland, from the mid 1950s to the late 1970s, the main source of music at dance halls was the showband. These were initially smaller imitations of Dixieland big bands, with 6–12 musicians and one or two singers; later the repertoire expanded to include cover versions of whatever was popular on the radio: rock and roll, country and western, jazz standards and Irish traditional music.
Irish states since 1171 Irish states have existed under a number of different names for nearly a thousand years. A unified Irish proto-state had been coalescing from the multitude of small tribal kingdoms that existed circa AD 500, similar to the pattern elsewhere in Europe.
Irish stepdance Irish stepdance is a type of performance dance originating in Ireland from traditional Irish dance. Irish stepdancing has been recently popularized by the world-famous show "Riverdance" and its followers.
Irish stew Irish stew is a traditional Irish dish made from lamb or mutton as well as potatoes, onions, and parsley1. It originated in Ireland but appears in cookbooks all over Europe, including in Escoffier's Guide Culinaire.
Irish Sea The Irish Sea (Irish: Muir Éireann; Welsh: Môr Iwerddon) separates the islands of Ireland and Great Britain. It is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by St George's Channel between the Republic of Ireland and Wales and Cornwall to the south and by the North Channel between Northern Ireland and Scotland to the north-east.
Irish Senior Cup (Ladies Hockey) The Irish Senior Cup (Ladies Hockey) is the premier knockout trophy played for by the top ladies hockey clubs in Ireland. The competition is held under the auspices of the Irish Hockey Association, a body that was formed with the merger of the Mens and Ladies Unions in 2000.
Irish Setter The Irish Setter, also known as the Red Setter, is a breed of gundog and family dog. The term Irish Setter is commonly used to encompass the Show-bred dog recognized by the AKC as well as the field-bred Red Setter recognized by the Field Dog Stud Book.
Irish Sign Language Irish Sign Language (ISL) is the sign language of Ireland, used primarily in the Republic of Ireland. It is also used in Northern Ireland, though Northern Ireland Sign Language (NISL) and British Sign Language are used more often.
Irish Singles Chart The Irish Singles Chart is the Irish music industry standard singles popularity chart issued weekly by the Irish Recorded Music Association and compiled on behalf of the IRMA by Chart-Track. Chart rankings are based on sales, which are compiled through over-the-counter retail data captured electronically each day from retailers' EPOS systems.
Irish Stock Exchange The Irish Stock Exchange (ISE) is Ireland's stock exchange, formed through the merger of the Cork and Dublin exchanges, both of which have existed as far back as 1793. In 1799, the Irish Parliament passed the Stock Exchange (Dublin) Act which regulated the Cork and Dublin Stock Exchanges.
Irish ten pence (decimal coin) The ten pence coin was introduced on Decimal Day, February 15, 1971 and reused the design on the florin coin produced for the Irish Free State in 1928. Some florin coins remained in circulation until 1994, with the same nominal value, size and weight as the ten pence coin.
Irish ten shilling coin The ten shilling coin was a pre-decimal coin and worth 1/2 of an Irish pound; the highest value coin in the pre-decimal system. The coin featured CĂşchulainn, the mythical Irish hero, the coin was produced for the 50th anniversary of the Easter Rising and commenced circulation on April 12 1966 and was designed by T Hugh Paget.
Irish theatre The history of Irish theatre begins with the rise of the English administration in Dublin at the start of the 17th century. Over the next 400 years this small country was to make a disproportionate contribution to drama in English.
Irish twenty pence (decimal coin) The twenty pence coin, which features the horse (an Irish hunter) that was on the half-crown coin that was produced for the Irish Free State in 1928, was introduced on October 30 1986. This is first Irish decimal coin that was of a different size to the corresponding decimal British coinage which had until this point remained the same.
Irish twins Irish twins is a slang term that refers to siblings born 9 to 12 months apart - usually in the same calendar year, or who are in the same class in school. It references a perception about families of Irish Catholics who may not use birth control (and thus may have children in quicker succession), but it is often used endearingly by the families of the "twins" themselves.
Irish Traction Group The Irish Traction Group is a railway preservation society dedicated to preserving diesel locomotives from Irish Railways. It was formed in 1989, with the intention of attempting to preserve at least one example of every type of diesel locomative to have operated on Irish Rail.
Irish Translators' & Interpreters' Association The Irish Translators' & Interpreters' Association (ITIA) (or, Cumann Aistritheoirà agus Teangairà na hÉireann in Irish) is a professional association representing translators and interpreters in Ireland.
Irish Transport and General Workers' Union The Irish Transport and General Workers Union, an Irish trade union, was founded by James Larkin in 1908 as a general union. Initially drawing its membership from branches of the Liverpool-based National Union of Dock Labourers, from which Larkin had been expelled, it grew to include workers in a range of industries.
Irish Unionist Alliance The Irish Unionist Alliance (Irish: An Comhortas Aontachtóirà Éireannach) is a small Irish Unionist organisation set up to explore the "the potential for building a sustainable unionist movement"Irish Unionist website. in the Republic of Ireland.
Irish Unionist Party The Irish Unionist Party was a Unionist party founded in Ireland in the second half of the 19th century to oppose plans for "Gladstonian home rule for Ireland. The party was led for much of its life by Colonel Edward James Saunderson and later by the William St John Fremantle Brodrick, Viscount (later the Earl of) Midleton.
Irish Universities Association The Irish Universities’ Association (IUA) is the representative body of the heads of the seven Irish universities and is based at Merrion Square, Dublin. The IUA is a non-profit making body, it was created in the late 1970s as the Conference of Heads of Irish Universities (CHIU) and was formally incorporated in 1997 with charitable status and adopted its current name in 2005.
Irish University Bill The Irish University Bill forms part of the panorama of initiatives to provide more adequate provision of university education in Ireland in the 19th and 20th centuries. The Bill was announced by British Prime Minister William Gladstone in February 1873.
Irish visual artists Irish visual art in the twentieth and twenty-first century is still in it's emerging state. The visual arts in the Republic of Ireland have more often than not played the 'poor cousin' to the other arts such as literature and theatre.
Irish Volunteers The Irish Volunteers (Óglaigh na hÉireann) were a paramilitary organization established by Irish Nationalists in 1913 "to secure and maintain the rights and liberties common to the whole people of Ireland", and to help enforce the imminent Home Rule Act.
Irish War of Independence The Irish War of Independence (or the Anglo-Irish WarThe war is often referred to as the "Irish War of Independence" in Ireland and as the "Anglo-Irish War" in Britain, the "Tan War" by anti-Treaty republicans and was known contemporarily as "the Troubles", not to be confused with the later conflict in Northern Ireland, which is also referred to as the "the Troubles".) was a guerrilla campaign mounted against the British government in Ireland by the Irish Republican Army under the proclaimed legitimacy of the First Dáil, the Irish parliament created in 1918 by a majority of Irish MPs.
Irish Whip Wrestling Irish Whip Wrestling (IwW) is a professional wrestling promotion based in the southeast of Ireland which has been running shows since 2002. IwW is widely accepted as the top independent promotion of Ireland with its roster of homegrown stars and international talent performing throughout several tours of the island as well as on their weekly television show, Whiplash TV, which broadcasts Sky channel TWC in Ireland, Britain, and mainland Europe.
Irish Wilderness The United States Congress designated the Irish Wilderness in 1984 and it now has a total of 16,227 acres. The Irish Wilderness is located within the Eleven Point Ranger District, of the Mark Twain National Forest, 10 miles northeast of Alton, Missouri.
Irish Workers' Party The Irish Workers' Party was a communist party in the Republic of Ireland, which emerged a split in the Communist Party of Ireland. It was founded as the Irish Workers' League in 1948 by communists unhappy with the CPI policy of entrism into the Labour Party, particularly given the coalition of the Labour Party with Fine Gael.
Irish-American Heritage Month Irish-American Heritage Month is a special month issued by Presidential proclamation created to honor the achievements of Irish immigrants and their descendants, living in the United States of America. March is the month of Irish-American Heritage Month.
Irishtarot Irishtarot is a Tarot company registered in Dublin, in the Republic of Ireland. Founded by broadcaster David O'Reilly in 2000 the company has gone from strength to strength with interest in The Ireland on Sunday newspaper, RTÉ Television and with their own radio show on Dublin's Country Mix 106.
Irishtown Bend Irishtown Bend is an area of Cleveland, Ohio, USA located along the Cuyahoga River in the Flats. The area was developed in the mid 19th century by immigrant Irish who came to the area as laborers for the construction of the city's railways and canal.
Irishtown Stadium Irishtown Stadium was originally built in the 1950s by Shelbourne FC, a football club in the League of Ireland. Shels however only spent one season (1955/56) playing competitive first team matches there due to lack of spectator facilities.
IrishWAN IrishWAN is a not-for-profit project which hopes to create WAN coverage for the Republic of Ireland enabling people in rural areas to have access to its services. In some areas this may include broadband connections to the internethttp://www.
Irit Ziffer Dr. Irit Margit Ziffer (born 1954 in Tel Aviv, Israel), archaeologist and art-historian, is the current curator of the Ceramics and Copper (hebrew: Nehushtán) pavilions of the Eretz Israel Museum in Tel Aviv.
Iriver H100 series The iriver H100 series (originally iHP-100 series) is a series of discontinued portable digital audio players (DAP) made by iriver company. The H100 players differ only in hard drive storage capacity, RAM size, color, and thickness.
Iriver H300 series The iriver H300 series of hard disk based multi-codec music jukebox player is comprised of two models, the iriver H320 and the iriver H340. As well as being able to play music, it is capable of transferring pictures directly from digital cameras and UMS-compatible devices, such as flash drives (on the international version), and displaying digital images on a colour screen.
Iriya no Sora, UFO no Natsu is the title of a Japanese sci-fi story written by Akiyama Mizuhito that centers on the relationship between Kana Iriya, a high school girl who has to fight alien invaders, and Naoyuki Asaba, a member of the school newspaper club and one of her few friends.
Irkutsk Oblast Irkutsk Oblast (, Irkutskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in south-eastern Siberia in the basins of Angara River, Lena, and Nizhnyaya Tunguska Rivers, and occupies the area of 767,900 km² (fifth largest in Russia with 4.6% of Russia's territory).
Irlams o' th' Height Irlams o' th' Height is an area within Salford, toward the north west corner of the city. It is on the extremity of the Salford City boundary, and crosses over the Swinton and Pendlebury area of Salford City Council.
Irma Anderson Irma A. Anderson was the first African American woman elected mayor of a major California city, serving Richmond, California between 2001 and 2006, she ran for reelection as the incumbant Democrat in the 2006 mayorial race and lost to Green challenger councilperson Gayle McLaughlin by 192 votes, her term expired on November 21 2006.
Irma Baltuttis Elsbeth Johanna Irma Buttis (lithuanian Baltutis, September 28 1920 – May 20 1958) was a German singer and entertainer based in Leipzig, Germany. After some training in music during the Third Reich, her singing career took place entirely within the German Democratic Republic after the Soviet occupation of the East Zone.
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