Encyclopedia

Line of succession to the Hessian throne The Electorate of Hesse-Kassel was abolished in 1866 when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia, while the Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine came to end in 1918. The current pretender to both Hesse thrones is Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse, who inherited his claim to Hesse and by Rhine following the death of Prince Louis of Hesse and by Rhine in 1968, and became head of the entire House of Hesse on the death of his father Prince Philip of Hesse-Kassel in 1980.
Line of succession to the Iraqi throne Prince Raad the head of the Royal House of Iraq postion is in contention with Sharif Ali Bin al-Hussein (a descendant of Hussein of Hejaz's granddaughter, sister and male cousin, but not in male line from king Hussein) who is another pretender to the Iraqi throne and the leader of the Iraqi Constitutional Monarchy.
Line of succession to the Kuwaiti Throne Succession to the throne of Kuwait is limited to the descendants of Mubarak Al-Sabah. The reigning Emir must appoint an heir apparent within one year of his ascension to the throne; the nomination must also be approved by a majority of members of the National Assembly.
Line of succession to the Monegasque Throne The line of succession to the Monegasque Throne passes to the descendants of the reigning Prince of Monaco in accordance with male-preference primogeniture. The line of succession was most recently and notably modified by a constitutional change implemented by Princely Law 1.
Line of succession to the Montenegrin throne The monarchy in Montenegro came to an end in 1918 when the illegal Podgorica Assembly voted to unite Montenegro with the Kingdom of Serbia. The current pretender and head of the Royal house is Nikola, Crown Prince of Montenegro, who is the great grandson of the last King Nicholas I.
Line of succession to the Moroccan Throne The present King of Morocco is Mohammed VI. Article 20 of the of the Moroccan constitution of 1996 states that the Moroccan Crown and the constitutional rights thereof shall be hereditary and handed down, from father to son, to descendants in direct male line and by order of primogeniture among the offspring of His Majesty King Hassan II, unless the King should, during his lifetime, designate a successor among his sons apart from the eldest one.
Line of succession to the Nepalese Throne The succession law to the Nepalese throne changed in 2006 when Nepal adopted equal primogeniture, meaning that the eldest child of the monarch, regardless of gender will inherit. Nepal had previously used agnatic primogeniture, meaning that only males could inherit the throne.
Line of succession to the Omani Throne In Oman the eldest son of the reigning Sultan succeeds on his death. In the absence of a male heir, the reigning Sultan may nominate a brother or other male relative from amongst the descendants of Sultan Said bin Sultan.
Line of succession to the Portuguese throne The Portuguese monarchy was abolished on the 5th October 1910 when King Manuel II was deposed following a republican revolution. The present head of the House of Braganza the former ruling house is, Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza a position he has held since the death of his father Duarte Nuno in 1976.
Line of succession to the Romanian throne The succession law to the now defunct throne of Romania as established by the royal constitutions is Salic Law, that is agnatic primogeniture. As King Michael I of Romania has no male children, nor are there any legitimate male-line male descendants of the previous Kings of Romania, there is at present no one from the Romanian Royal Family in the line of succession to the throne.
Line of succession to the Serbian throne The Monarchy of Serbia, later rulers of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was abolished in 1945. The current pretender to the throne of Serbia is Alexander, Crown Prince of Yugoslavia.
Line of succession to the Swedish Throne In 1980 Sweden adopted equal primogeniture, meaning that the eldest child of the monarch, regardless of gender, takes precedence, with children taking precedence over grandchildren. Sweden had previously (since 1810) used agnatic primogeniture, meaning that only males could inherit the throne.
Line of succession to the Tongan Throne The order of succession to the throne of Tonga is laid down in the 1875 constitution of the south Pacific island nation. This constitution specifies that the succession is confined to the descendants of King Siaosi Tāufaāhau Tupou I, through his son Crown Prince Tēvita Unga and the his son Prince Uelingatoni Ngū (all names in modern spelling).
Line of succession to the WĂĽrttemberg throne The monarchy of WĂĽrttemberg came to an end in 1918 along with the rest of the monarchies that made up the German Empire. The last King of WĂĽrttemberg was William II, while the current head of the royal house is Carl, Duke of WĂĽrttemberg.
Line of Visibility Enterprise Modeling Line of Visibility Enterprise Modeling, or LOVEM, is an enterprise modeling notation developed by IBM to represent business processes in a customer- and employee-oriented way. It is specially recommended for BPR initiatives.
Line officer A line officer (or otherwise termed "officer of the line") is a military officer who is trained to command a warship, ground combat unit, or combat aviation unit. Officers who are not line officers are those whose primary duties are in non-direct combat specialties (as opposed to those assigned to non-combat duties for a given tour or rotation) such as chaplains, lawyers, supply officers and medical officers (both nurses and doctors).
Line Out Records Line Out Records is a British, Maidenhead based independent record label formed in 2002 to help promote local music events in Maidenhead and to release the album Sinthetic 2 Live. The label has evolved over time from an electronic music specialist into a more open ended organisation.
Line Printer Daemon protocol The Line Printer Daemon protocol/Line Printer Remote protocol (or LPD, LPR) also known as the Berkeley printing system, is a set of programs that provide printer spooling and network print server functionality for Unix-like systems. The most common implementations of LPD are the official BSD UNIX operating system and the LPRng project.
Line signaling Line signaling is a category of telecommunications signaling protocols. Line signaling is responsible for off-hook, ring, answer, and on-hook unidirectional messaging in each direction from calling party to called party and vice versa.
Line source A line source is a source of air, noise, water contamination or electromagnetic radiation that emanates from a linear (one-dimensional) geometry. The most prominent linear sources are roadway air pollution, aircraft air emissions, roadway noise, certain types of water pollution sources that emanate over a range of river extent rather than from a discrete point, elongated light tubes, and electromagnetic antennas.
Line technician A Line technician (commonly known as a line tech or ramp rat) is someone who works on an airport ramp at a Fixed Base Operator (FBO), a business that typically handles general aviation aircraft as opposed to commercial traffic. Their technical responsibilities include coordinating ramp operations and aircraft movement via radio, marshalling/fueling/towing aircraft, operating ground support equipment, servicing aircraft potable water and lavatory systems, checking and maintaining proper aircraft engine oil and tire pressure levels, sampling aviation fuel for quality control, conducting deicing operations, and performing runway inspections.
Line-in Recording Line-in recording is a term often used by manufacturers of sound equipment to refer to the capability of a device to record line level audio feeds in stereo. Microphone inputs, by contrast, are usually mono and are designed for devices (such as microphones or electric guitars) which require further amplification to be at line-level.
Line-item veto In government, the line-item veto is the power of an executive to nullify or "cancel" specific provisions of a bill, usually budget appropriations, without vetoing the entire legislative package. The line-item vetoes are usually subject to the possibility of legislative override as are traditional vetoes.
Line-of-sight propagation Radio signals, like all electromagnetic radiation, usually travel in straight lines. However, at low frequencies (below approximately 2 MHz or so) diffraction effects cause significant ray bending, allowing ray bundles to partially follow the Earth's curvature, thus enabling AM radio signals in low-noise environments to be received well after the transmitting antenna has dropped below the horizon.
Line-out code A line-out code is a coded piece of information, used to communicate intentions about a line-out within one team in a rugby union match without giving information away to the other team. A line-out is a manoeuvre used to restart play when the ball has left the pitch.
Line-replaceable unit A line-replaceable unit (LRU) is a black box of electronics, such as a radio or other auxiliary equipment for a complex engineered system like an airplane or ship. The name derives from the fact that the unit is replaced at the flight line.
Linea alba The linea alba is a fibrous structure that runs down the midline of the abdomen in humans and other vertebrates. The name means white line and the linea alba is indeed white, being composed mostly of shiny white collagen connective tissue.
Linea negra Linea nigra (Latin for "black line") or linea negra (altered by influence of Spanish negra) is a skin pigment condition during pregnancy where a brownish streak less than a centimeter in width develops. The line runs vertically along the midline of the abdomen from the pubis to the xiphoid process - the bottom-most part of the rib cage in the center or tip of the sternum.
Linea quadrata A slight ridge is sometimes seen commencing about the middle of the intertrochanteric crest, and reaching vertically downward for about 5 cm. along the back part of the body: it is called the linea quadrata (or quadrate line), and gives attachment to the Quadratus femoris and a few fibers of the Adductor magnus.
Lineage (Buddhism) Zen Buddhism maintains records of their historical teachers who, according to the traditional history of that school, have passed the Dharma from generation to generation in an unbroken line since the time of the Buddha. This vertical line is a lineage of ancestors which provides validation of the Zen experience of the teachers of the present generation.
Lineage (computer game) Lineage (Korean: 리니지) is a medieval fantasy massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) released in 1998 by the South Korean computer game developer NCsoft. It has become highly popular in Korea with subscriptions counting into the millions, but is also available in Chinese, Japanese, and English language versions.
Lineage from Bo Jonsson of Gripsholm to Casimir Ehrnrooth Pedigree from Bo Joninpoika of Gripsholm to Casimir Ehrnrooth details the genealogical lineage how Casimir Ehrnrooth, a recent prime mover of Finnish economy descends from justiciar Bo Jonsson, the magnate who ruled practically all Finland and worked much to open exports of its furs and game, six centuries before his 16-times-great-grandson Ehrnrooth.
Lineage II Lineage II: The Chaotic Chronicle (Korean:리니지 2) is a fantasy massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG), for the computer and sequel to Lineage. It has become very popular since its October 1, 2003 launch, reporting 1.
Lineal succession (Mormonism) Lineal succession is a doctrine in Mormonism, now largely abandoned, whereby certain key church positions are held by right of inheritance. Most frequently the offices connected with lineal succession are those of the President of the Church and the Presiding Patriarch.
Linear (pop group) Linear was a freestyle pop trio from Miami, Florida, consisting of vocalist Charlie Pennachio, guitarist Wyatt Pauley, and percussionist Joey Restivo. In 1990, the group had a hit with the gold single "Sending All My Love," which hit number 5 on the Billboard Hot 100.
Linear aeration Linear aeration is a relatively new aeration process; it allows water to penetrate the soil and to be retained in the proper amounts. Linear aeration also adds organic nutrition, soil softeners (humus, topsoil, compost, sand, clay, etc.
Linear algebra Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerned with the study of vectors, vector spaces (also called linear spaces), linear transformations, and systems of linear equations. Vector spaces are a central theme in modern mathematics; thus, linear algebra is widely used in both abstract algebra and functional analysis.
Linear algebraic group In mathematics, a linear algebraic group is a subgroup of the group of invertible nĂ—n matrices (under matrix multiplication) that is defined by polynomial equations. An example is the orthogonal group, defined by the relation MTM = I where MT is the transpose of M.
Linear alpha olefin Linear Alpha Olefins (LAO) or Normal Alpha Olefins (NAO) are olefins or alkenes with a chemical formula CxH2x, distinguished from other mono-olefins with a similar molecular formula by linearity of the hydrocarbon chain and the position of the double bond at the primary or alpha position.
Linear amplifier A linear amplifier is an electronic circuit whose output is proportional to its input, but capable of delivering more power into a load. The term usually refers to a type of radio-frequency (RF) power amplifier, some of which have output power measured in kilowatts, and are used in amateur radio.
Linear attenuation coefficient The Linear attenuation coefficient, also called the narrow beam attenuation coefficient, is a quantity which describes the extent to which the intensity of electromagnetic radiation is reduced as it passes through a specific material. It is typically used in the context of X-rays or Gamma rays, where it is represented using the symbol mu.
Linear bounded automaton A linear bounded automaton (plural linear bounded automata, abbreviated LBA) is a restricted form of a non-deterministic Turing machine. It possesses a tape made up of cells that can contain symbols from a finite alphabet, a head that can read from or write to one cell on the tape at a time and can be moved, and a finite number of states.
Linear B Linear B is a script that was used for writing Mycenaean, an early form of Greek. It preceded the Greek alphabet by several centuries: it seems to have died out with the fall of Mycenaean civilization; the intervening period, in which there is no evidence of written language, is known as the Greek Dark Ages.
Linear canonical transformation Paraxial optical systems implemented entirely with thin lenses and propagation through free space and/or graded index (GRIN) media, are Quadratic Phase Systems (QPS). The effect of any arbitrary QPS on an input wavefield can be described using the linear canonical transform (LCT), a unitary, additive, three-parameter class of linear integral transform.
Linear circuit A linear circuit is an electric circuit in which, for a sinusoidal input of frequency f, any output of the circuit also has frequency f. Note that the output frequency does not have to be in phase with the input frequency.
Linear classifier In the field of Machine Learning, the goal of classification is to group items, that have similar feature values, into groups. A linear classifier archives this by making a classification decision based on the value of the linear combination of the features.
Linear code In mathematics and information theory, a linear code is an important type of block code used in error correction and detection schemes. Linear codes allow for more efficient encoding and decoding algorithms than other codes (cf.
Linear combination of atomic orbitals molecular orbital method A linear combination of atomic orbitals or LCAO is a quantum superposition of atomic orbitals and a technique for calculating molecular orbitals in quantum chemistry Huheey, James. Inorganic Chemistry:Principles of Structure and Reactivity.
Linear complementarity problem In mathematics, the linear complementarity problem in linear algebra consists of starting with a known n-dimensional column vector q and a known nĂ—n matrix M, and finding two n-dimensional vectors w and z such that:
Linear density Linear density or Linear mass density or Linear mass is a measure of mass per unit of length, and it is a characteristic of strings or one-dimensional objects. The SI unit of linear density is the kilogram per metre (kg/m).
Linear discriminant analysis Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and the related Fisher's linear discriminant are used in statistics to find the linear combination of features which best separate two or more classes of object or event. The resulting combinations may be used as a linear classifier, or more commonly in dimensionality reduction before later classification.
Linear element In an electric circuit, a linear element is an electrical element with a linear relationship between current and voltage. Resistors are the most common example of a linear element; other examples include capacitors, inductors, and transformers.
Linear energy transfer Linear Energy Transfer (LET) is a measure of the energy transferred to material as an ionizing particle travels through it. Typically this measure is used to quantify the effects of ionizing radiation on biological specimens or electronic devices.
Linear epitope A linear epitope is an epitope that is recognised by antibodies by its linear sequence of amino acids, or primary structure. In contrast, most antibodies recognize an epitope that has a specific three-dimensional shape and its protein structure.
Linear filter A linear filter applies a linear operator to a time-varying input signal. Linear filters are very common in electronics and digital signal processing (see the article on electronic filters), but they can also be found in mechanical engineering and other technologies.
Linear functional In linear algebra, a branch of mathematics, a linear functional or linear form (even covector is widely spread) is a linear function from a vector space to its field of scalars. Specifically, if V is a vector space over a field k, then a linear functional is a linear function from V to k.
Linear Flash Linear Flash is a PCMCIA flash memory format now used primarily in Cisco routers. Linear Flash requires no battery support, unlike somewhat faster SRAM, and features read/write speeds much faster than similar, less expensive ATA-type cards (which include Compact Flash and Memory Stick.
Linear genetic programming Linear Genetic Programming (LGP) is a particular subset of genetic programming wherein computer programs in population are represented as a sequence of instructions from imperative programming language or machine language. The graph-based data flow that results from a multiple usage of register contents and the existence of structurally noneffective code (introns) are two main differences to more common tree-based genetic programming (TGP) variant.
Linear independence In linear algebra, a family of vectors is linearly independent if none of them can be written as a linear combination of finitely many other vectors in the collection. A family of vectors which is not linearly independent is called linearly dependent.
Linear least squares Linear least squares is a mathematical optimization technique to find an approximate solution for a system of linear equations that has no exact solution. This usually happens if the number of equations (m) is bigger than the number of variables (n).
Linear motor A linear motor is essentially an electric motor that has had its stator "unrolled" so that instead of producing a torque (rotation), it produces a linear force along its length. The most common mode of operation is as a Lorenz-type actuator, in which the applied force is linearly proportional to the current and the magnetic field (F = i x B).
Linear Motion Battle System The Linear Motion Battle System (LMBS or LiMBS) is a fighting paradigm in Namco-published video games primarily for use in their Tales series of console role-playing games. It is a real-time battle system based on 2-D fighting games such as Street Fighter and Mortal Kombat.
Linear particle accelerator A linear particle accelerator (also called a LINAC) is an electrical device for the acceleration of subatomic particles. This sort of particle accelerator has many applications, from the generation of X-Rays in a hospital environment, to an injector into a higher energy synchrotron at a dedicated experimental particle physics laboratory.
Linear phase Linear phase is a property of a filter, where the phase response of the filter is a linear function of frequency, excluding the possibility of wraps at pmpi. Perfect linear phase is equivalent to a symmetrical impulse response; therefore, it can only be achieved by a (digital) FIR filter.
Linear polarization In electrodynamics, linear polarization or plane polarization of electromagnetic radiation is a confinement of the electric field vector or magnetic field vector to a given plane along the direction of propagation. See polarization for more information.
Linear predictive analysis Linear predictive analysis can be thought of as a simple form of first-order extrapolation: if it has been changing at this rate then it will probably continue to change at approximately the same rate, at least in the short term. This is equivalent to fitting a tangent to the graph and extending the line.
Linear predictive coding Linear predictive coding (LPC) is a tool used mostly in audio signal processing and speech processing for representing the spectral envelope of a digital signal of speech in compressed form, using the information of a linear predictive model. It is one of the most powerful speech analysis techniques, and one of the most useful methods for encoding good quality speech at a low bit rate and provides extremely accurate estimates of speech parameters.
Linear probing Linear probing is a scheme in computer programming for resolving hash collisions of values of hash functions using two values - one as a starting value and one as an interval between successive values in modular arithmetic. The second value, which is the same for all keys and known as the stepsize, is repeatedly added to the starting value until either the entire table is traversed, or until a free space is found.
Linear range The linear range is that range of input or output values for which an electronic amplifier produces an output signal that is a direct, linear function of the input signal. That is, the output can be represented by the equation:
Linear regulator In electronics, a linear regulator is a voltage regulator based on an active device (such as a bipolar junction transistor, field effect transistor or vacuum tube) operating in its "linear region" (in contrast, a switching regulator is based on a transistor forced to act as an on/off switch) or passive devices like zener diodes operated in their breakdown region. The regulating device is made to act like a variable resistor, continuously adjusting a voltage divider network to maintain a constant output voltage.
Linear Reference System The Linear Reference System (LRS) is a system used with the GRASS Geographic information system where features are localised by a measure along a linear element. Each feature is localised by a point known as a "milepoint".
Linear span In the mathematical subfield of linear algebra, the linear span, also called the linear hull, of a set of vectors in a vector space is the intersection of all subspaces containing that set. The linear span of a set of vectors is therefore a vector space.
Linear speedup theorem In computational complexity theory, the linear speedup theorem for Turing machines proves that given any c > 0 and any Turing machine solving a problem in time f(n), there is another machine that solves the same problem in time cf(n)+n+2.
Linear system of divisors In mathematics, the concept of a linear system of divisors arose first in the form of a linear system of algebraic curves in the projective plane. It assumed a more general form, through gradual generalisation, so that one could speak of linear equivalence of divisors D on a general algebraic variety V.
Linear temporal logic Linear temporal logic (LTL) is a modal temporal logic with modalities referring to time. In LTL, one can encode formulae about the future of paths such as that a condition will be eventually be true, that a condition will be true until another fact becomes true, etc.
Linear time In computational complexity theory, an algorithm is said to take linear time, or O(n) time, if the time it requires is proportional to the size of the input, which is usually denoted n. Put another way, the running time increases linearly with the size of the input.
Linear timecode Linear (or Longitudinal) Timecode (LTC) encodes SMPTE timecode data as a Manchester-Biphase encoded audio signal. Each frame is terminated by a 'sync word' which has a special predefined sync relationship with any video or film content.
Linear tree In genetic programming (GP) a linear tree is a program composed of a variable number of unary functions and a single terminal. Note linear tree GP differs from bit string genetic algorithms since a population may contain programs of different lengths and there may be more than two types of functions or more than two types of terminals.
Linear trend In time-series analysis, linear trend is a simple method of forecating variations in a quantitative variable. Namely, least-squares regression methods are used to regress a quantitative dependent varibale Y (to be predicted) on a constant C and an equally-distant time variable t, the coefficient of which will express the trend variation.
Linear Tape-Open Linear Tape-Open (or LTO) is a magnetic tape data storage technology developed as an open alternative to the proprietary Digital Linear Tape (DLT). The technology was developed and initiated by Seagate, Hewlett-Packard, and IBM.
Linear Technology Linear Technology Corporation was founded in 1981 as a manufacturer of high performance linear integrated circuits. Linear Technology products include high performance amplifiers, comparators, voltage references, monolithic filters, linear regulators, DC-DC converters, battery chargers, data converters, communications interface circuits, RF signal conditioning circuits, and many other analog functions.
Linear video editing Linear video editing is the process of selecting, arranging and modifying the images and sound recorded on video tape whether captured by a video camera or recorded in a studio. Until the advent of computer based non-linear editing in the early 1990s "linear video editing" was simply called “video editing.
Linear writing Linear writing is writing which uses symbols made up out of lines. Arguably, this could also refer to the arrangement of the symbols on the written page, as most written texts appear in ranks of parallel lines.
Linear-quadratic regulator The theory of optimal control is concerned with operating a dynamic system at minimum cost. The case where the system dynamics are described by a set of linear differential equations and the cost is described by a quadratic functional is called the LQ problem.
Linear-quadratic-Gaussian control Linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control is a method of designing feedback control laws for linear systems with additive Gaussian noise processes that minimize a given quadratic cost functional. It is the stochastic equivalent of the linear-quadratic regulator (LQR).
Linear-rotational analogs In Newtonian mechanics, many of the quantities in linear motion and rotational motion are analogous, in that they act the same way in many equations. Note that the "vector" quantities in rotational motion are actually pseudovectors which point along the axis of rotation according to the right hand rule.
Linearised Einstein field equations The linearised Einstein field equations (linearised EFE) are an approximation to Einstein's field equations that is valid for a weak gravitational field and is used to simplify many problems in general relativity and to discuss the phenomena of gravitational radiation. It can also be used to derive Newtonian gravity as the weak-field approximation of Einsteinian gravity.
Linearity (computer and video games) In computer and video games, linearity denotes that the objectives of the game must be completed in a fixed sequence, sometimes revealing elements of the plot, in order. Non-linearity means that the player has a selection of options.
Linearity of differentiation In mathematics, the linearity of differentiation is a most fundamental property of the derivative, in differential calculus. It follows from the sum rule in differentiation and the constant factor rule in differentiation.
Linearity of integration In calculus, linearity is a fundamental property of the integral that follows from the sum rule in integration and the constant factor rule in integration. Linearity of integration is related to the linearity of summation, since integrals are thought of as infinite sums.
Linearizability In concurrent programming, an operation is atomic, or linearizable, if it appears to take effect instantaneously. An atomic object can be understood immediately and completely from its sequential definition, as a set of operations run in parallel will always appear to occur one after the other; no inconsistencies may emerge.
Linearization Linearization in mathematics and its applications in general refers to finding the linear approximation to a function at a given point. In the study of dynamical systems, linearization is a method for assessing the local stability of an equilibrium point of a system of nonlinear differential equations.
Linearly separable In geometry, when two sets of points in a two-dimensional graph can be completely separated by a single line, they are said to be linearly separable. In general, two groups are linearly separable in n-dimensional space if they can be separated by an n − 1 dimensional hyperplane.
Lineation In Western handwriting, the base line, the x-height or corpus size, the height of the ascenders and the bottom line of the descenders make up four horizontal (virtual) lines which represent the lineation of handwriting. In many teaching methods of writing at primary school, these guidelines are actually present on paper to aid the child in producing well-formed characters of the proper size.
Line–sphere intersection In analytic geometry, the intersection of a line and a sphere can be the empty set, a point, or two points. Distinguishing these cases, and determining equations for the points in the latter cases have use, for example, when calculating ray intersections in ray tracing.
Lineback cattle Lineback cattle are a distinctive breed of dairy cattle derived from the Holstein breed, and to whom the Randall cattle bear a strong resemblance. While not a commonplace breed, they are found in small numbers as "productive pets" amid larger numbers of other dairy cattle breeds on dairy farms throughout North America.
Linebacker A linebacker is a position in American and Canadian football invented by legendary football coach Fielding Yost of the University of Michigan. Linebackers are members of the defensive team, and line up approximately five to seven yards behind the line of scrimmage, behind the defensive linemen.
Lined catshark The lined catshark, Halaelurus lineatus, is a cat shark of the family Scyliorhinidae, found from Beira, Mozambique to East London, South Africa between latitudes 19° S and 31° S, from the surface to 290 m. Its length is up to 56 cm.
Lined lanternshark The lined lanternshark, Etmopterus bullisi, is a shark of the family Dalatiidae found in the western Atlantic from North Carolina to northern Florida, and Honduras, between latitudes 34° N and 15° N, at depths of up to 850 m. Its maximum length is more than 26 cm, but an adult has yet to be measured.
Lineman (occupation) A lineman (American English) or linesman (British English) (also occasionally called a lineworker or a line electrician by a handful of government agencies where gender-neutral job titles have been mandated by law) is a tradesman who constructs and maintains electric power transmission and distribution facilities. The term is also used for those who install and maintain telephone, telegraph, and cable TV lines.

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