Encyclopedia

Low latency Low latency allows human-unnoticeable delays between an input being processed and the corresponding output providing real time characteristics. This can be especially important for internet connections utilising services such as online gaming and VOIP - VOIP is not as important as a minor delay between input from each side of the conversation is generally blamed on non-technical issues.
Low level waste Low-level waste (LLW) is a term used to describe nuclear waste that does not fit into the categorical definitions for high-level waste (HLW), spent nuclear fuel (SNF), transuranic waste (TRU), or certain byproduct materials known as 11e(2) wastes, such as uranium mill tailings. In essence, it is a definition by exclusion, and LLW is that category of radioactive wastes that do not fit into the other categories.
Low Level Owl, Vol. 1 Low Level Owl Volume I is the third full-length album release from Lawrence, Kansas based band the Appleseed Cast. The album was a complete departure from the heavy, distorted guitar-driven emo rock of their debut, The End of the Ring Wars and a natural, if still startling, progression from the layered, atmospheric, but still song-based follow-up Mare Vitalis.
Low Level Virtual Machine Low Level Virtual Machine, generally known as LLVM, is a compiler infrastructure designed for compile-time, link-time, run-time, and "idle-time" optimization of programs written in arbitrary programming languages.
Low Life (comics) Low Life is a comic strip, published in 2000 AD, set in the world of Judge Dredd which was created by Rob Williams and Henry Flint. Simon Coleby has been most recently on art duties but at the moment is working on Malone.
Low molecular weight heparin In medicine, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is a class of medication used as an anticoagulant in diseases that feature thrombosis, as well as for prophylaxis in situations that lead to a high risk of thrombosis.
Low Man's Lyric "Low Man's Lyric" is a song written by James Hetfield and Lars Ulrich of Metallica, and appearing on the 1997 Metallica album ReLoad. At seven minutes and 37 seconds, it is the second longest song on the album (Fixxxer being the longest at eight and a half minutes).
Low Mass Low Mass or Missa Privata is a Tridentine Mass said by a priest with the assistance of one or more servers, instead of a deacon and subdeacon and other ministers. It was the most common form of Mass prior to 1969.
Low Memorial Library The Low Memorial Library is the administrative center of Columbia University. Built in 1895 by University President Seth Low in memory of his father, Abiel Abbot Low, and financed with $1 million of Low's own money due to the recalcitrance of university alumni, it is the focal point and most prominent building on the university's Morningside Heights campus.
Low Newton (HM Prison) HM Prison Low Newton is a prison and Young Offenders Institution located at Brasside, near Durham, County Durham, England. Since 1998 HMP Low Newton has been an all-female jail taking female remand prisoners from across the north of England, as well as lifers and juveniles.
Low pressure area A low pressure area, or a low for short, is a region where the atmospheric pressure is lowest with relation to the surrounding area. Tropical storms, extratropical cyclones, subpolar cyclones, and subarctic cyclones are called low-pressure cells in some English-speaking communities.
Low pressure discharge Low pressure discharges are those that have gas pressures from a few millitorr to a little less than atmopheric. They have the benefit of less power requirement of sustenance of the discharge as volume recombination rates are lower.
Low probability of intercept A low probabililty of intercept radar (LPIR) is designed to be difficult to detect by passive radar detection equipment (such as a radar warning receiver - RWR) while it is searching for or tracking a target. This characteristic is desirable because it allows finding and tracking an opponent without alerting them to the radar's presence.
Low Point, Newfoundland and Labrador Low Point an unincorporated town in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada located on a spit of land overlooking a small bay called Bay de Verde Bight. Low Point is a fishing village that has experienced resettlement over a longer period as residents moved to larger areas.
Low rate initial production Low rate initial production (LRIP) is a term commonly used in military weapon projects/programs to designate the phase of initial, small-quantity production of a weapons systems. The prospective first buyer and operator (i.
Low Rigg Low Rigg is a small hill located in the English Lake District a few miles east of the town of Keswick and slightly to the north of its larger neighbour High Rigg. It is a hill of modest elevation, being of insufficient size to merit inclusion in the famous Lake District guides produced by Alfred Wainwright.
Low Smoke Zero Halogen Low smoke zero halogen (LSZH or LSOH) is a type of cable jacketing used in the manufacture of industrial and network cabling. LSZH cable jacketing is composed of thermoplastic or thermoset compounds that emit limited smoke and no halogens when exposed to high sources of heat.
Low temperature co-fired ceramic Low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) is a well-established process that has been in use for many years in the microelectronics packaging industry. It is similar to the thick film hybrid process employed for mutlilayer ceramic capacitors and chip inductors.
Low Thia Khiang Low Thia Khiang (Traditional Chinese: 劉程強, Simplified Chinese: 刘程强, Pinyin: Liú Chéngqiáng) is an opposition Member of Parliament for Hougang, Singapore since 1991. Born in 1956, he is married with two sons and a daughter.
Low voltage Low voltage is an electrical engineering term that broadly identifies safety considerations of an electricity supply system based on the voltage used. While different definitions exist for the exact voltage range covered by "low voltage", the most commonly used ones include "mains voltage".
Low voltage differential signaling Low voltage differential signaling, or LVDS, is an electrical signaling system that can run at very high speeds over cheap, twisted-pair copper cables. It was introduced in 1994, and has since become very popular in computers, where it forms part of very high-speed networks and computer buses.
Low Wooded Island Low wooded island is the name of an island 30 km South East of Cape Flattery in theGreat Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority and within the Three Islands National Park. The island is important seabird nesting sites.
Low Yat Plaza Low Yat Plaza (Simplified/Traditional Chinese: 刘蝶广场 / 劉碟廣物 Pinyin: liú díe guāng wǔ), or commonly referred to as LYP, is an established commercial shopping centre specializing in electronics and IT products in Malaysia. As an IT related product shopping centre, Low Yat Plaza is the most well known and most established among competitors.
Low-angle shot In cinematography, a low-angle shot, is a shot from a camera positioned low on the vertical axis, often at knee height, looking up. This technique is sometimes used in scenes of confrontation to illustrate which character holds the higher position of power, and is a common element in the aesthetic texture of certain genres such as film noir.
Low-budget film A low budget film is a very cheaply produced film. Young or not yet recognized directors have no choice but to provide economical films, which should not differ markedly in the end product from normal productions.
Low-carbohydrate diet Low-carbohydrate diets or low carb diets are nutritional programs that advocate restricted carbohydrate consumption, based on research that ties consumption of certain carbohydrates with increased blood insulin levels, and overexposure to insulin with metabolic syndrome (the most recognized symptom of which is obesity).
Low-carbon economy A low-carbon economy is a future economy in which the use of carbon based fuels and carbon dioxide emissions from burning fuels are significantly reduced an economy is now being envisaged by many states and organisations as being a long-term necessity in order to mitigate the effects of global warming]. It might also be hastened by the peaking of available reserves of oil ([[Hubbert peak theory|peak oil) and the associated increases in energy prices that are predicted by some coupled with the anticipated increase in demand as countries such as China] and [[India continue their industrialization [http://news.
Low-Country Messiahs The Low-Country Messiahs is a roots music ensemble founded in 2002 by multi-instrumentalist Robert Hamilton. Long-time members include former Waiting Kates guitarist Brian Watkins and percussionist Jerome Greene.
Low-definition television Low-definition television or LDTV refers to television systems that have a lower resolution than standard-definition television systems. The term is usually used in reference to digital television, in particular when broadcasting at the same (or similar) resolution as analog systems.
Low-dose chemotherapy Low-dose Chemotherapy is being studied/used in the treatment of cancer to avoid the devastating side effects of conventional chemotherapy. Historically, oncologists have used the highest possible dose that the body can tolerate in order to kill as many cancer cells as possible.
Low-emissivity Low-emittance (Low-E) coatings are microscopically thin, virtually invisible, metal or metallic oxide layers deposited on a window or skylight glazing surface primarily to reduce the U-factor by suppressing radiative heat flow. The principal mechanism of heat transfer in multilayer glazing is thermal radiation from warm surfaces to cooler surfaces.
Low-end market In the USA, as well as in most developed countries, the low-end market consists of lower-priced products suitable for customers who are not willing or able to spend large amounts of money. In developing countries, some low-end products may be considered high-end or even luxury items.
Low-frequency oscillation The term low-frequency oscillation (LFO) predominantly refers to an audio technique specifically used in the production of electronic music. The abbreviation is also very often used to refer to low-frequency oscillators themselves, which produce the effects explored in this article.
Low-g condition Low-g condition is a phase of aerodynamic flight where the airframe is temporarily unloaded. The pilot—and the airframe—feels little or no gravity because the aircraft is in free-fall or decelerating vertically at the top of a climb.
Low-gain antenna The low-gain antenna (LGA) is an antenna with a broad radiowave beam width. This very wide beam allows for a more reliable signal that is best used in mountainous regions, where the signal will propagate reasonably well regardless of terrain.
Low-ionization nuclear emission-line region A low-ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER) is a type of galactic nucleus that is defined by its spectral line emission. The spectra typically include line emission from weakly ionized or neutral atoms, such as O, O+, N+, and S+.
Low-Income Housing Tax Credit The Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) is a tax credit created under the Tax Reform Act of 1986 that gives incentives for the utilization of private equity in the development of affordable housing aimed at low-income Americans. The credits are also commonly called Section 42 in reference to the applicable section of the Internal Revenue Code.
Low-key feedback In human-computer interaction, low-key feedback is a type of output that takes a background role by being very subtle, sometimes nearly inperceivable. Physical machines often provide rich low-key feedback as a byproduct of their design.
Low-K In semiconductor manufacturing, a Low-Îş dielectric is a material with a small dielectric constant relative to silicon dioxide. Although the proper symbol for the dielectric constant is the Greek letter Îş (kappa), in conversation such materials are referred to as being "low-k" (low-kay) rather than "low-Îş" (low-kappa).
Low-level programming language In computer science, a low-level programming language is a language that provides little or no abstraction from a computer's microprocessor. The word "low" does not imply that the language is inferior to high-level programming languages but rather refers to the small or nonexistent amount of abstraction between the language and machine language; because of this, low-level languages are sometimes described as being "close to the hardware.
Low-mass X-ray binary Low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) are binary stars where one of the components is either a black hole or neutron star. The other component (donor) is usually filling its Roche lobe and therefore transfers mass to the compact star.
Low-noise amplifier The low noise amplifier (LNA) is a special type of electronic amplifier or amplifier used in communication systems to amplify very weak signals captured by an antenna. It is often located very close to the antenna.
Low-noise block converter A low-noise block converter (LNB, for low-noise block, or sometimes LNC, for low-noise converter) is used in communications satellite (usually broadcast satellite) reception. The LNB is usually fixed on or in the satellite dish, for the reasons outlined below.
Low-pass filter A low-pass filter is a filter that passes low frequencies well, but attenuates (or reduces) frequencies higher than the cutoff frequency. The actual amount of attenuation for each frequency varies from filter to filter.
Low-power broadcasting Low-power broadcasting is the concept of broadcasting at very low power and low cost, to a small community area. These stations tend to serve small towns, or communities within large cities in the United States.
Low-power communication device In telecommunication, a low-power communication device is a restricted radiation device, exclusive of those employing conducted or guided radio frequency techniques, used for the transmission of signs, signals (including control signals), writing, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by radiation of electromagnetic energy. Examples: Wireless microphone, phonograph oscillator, radio-controlled garage door opener, and radio-controlled models.
Low-rent "Low-Rent" is an American slang term used to denote people that are perceived as uncultured, tacky, ignorant, uneducated, etc. Usually used as a descriptor for either behavior, appearance, or living conditions, it has no racist overtones, though it can easily be construed to indicate snobbery.
Low-residency program A low-residency program is a form of education, normally at the university level, which involves some amount of distance education and some amount of normal class time. These programs are most frequently offered by colleges and universities which also teach standard full-time courses, and most presently existing are Master's Degree programs in Fine Arts, often teaching creative writing.
Low-speed vehicle A low-speed vehicle (LSV) is a legal class of 4-wheel vehicles that have a maximum capable speed typically around 25 mph or 40 km/h, and have a minimum capable speed (typically 20 mph or 32 km/h) that allows them to travel on public roads not accessible to all golf carts or neighborhood electric vehicles (NEV). The vehicles operate under very similar restrictions to but without the specification of battery electric power.
Low, Quebec Low is a township in the La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality of western Quebec. It is situated along the Gatineau River north of Wakefield, and it is located within Canada's National Capital Region.
Lowball (poker) Some forms of poker, often called lowball, sometimes called low poker, reward poor poker hands (in the traditional sense). There are three common variations on this idea, differing in whether aces are treated as high cards or low cards, and whether or not straights and flushes are used.
Lowboy A lowboy is a small table with one or two rows of drawers, so called in contradistinction to the tallboy or highboy chest of drawers. Both were favourite pieces of the 18th century, both in England and in the United States; the lowboy was most frequently used as a dressing-table, but sometimes as a side-table.
Lowbrow (art movement) Lowbrow, or lowbrow art,' describes an underground visual art movement that arose in the Los Angeles, California, area in the late 1970s. Lowbrow is a widespread populist art movement with origins in the underground comix world, punk music, hot-rod street culture, and other California subcultures.
Lowbush blueberry Lowbush Blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) is a species of blueberry native to eastern and central Canada and the northeastern United States, growing as far south as West Virginia and west to Minnesota and Manitoba.
Lowcountry cuisine Lowcountry cuisine is the cooking traditionally associated with the coastal plains of South Carolina and Georgia--the Lowcountry. While it shares features with Southern cooking, its geography, economics, demographics, and culture pushed its culinary identity in a different direction from regions above the fall line.
Lowdown "Lowdown" is a song written by Peter Cetera and Danny Seraphine for the rock band Chicago and recorded for their third album Chicago III (1971). It was the second single released from this album, and peaked at #35 on the U.
Lowe (band) Lowe is a Swedish synthpop band formed in 2002 by Jörgen ”Leo” Josefsson (vocals/guitar), Rickard Gunnarsson (bass) and Mehdi Bagherzadeh (keyboards). The music can be described as emotional pop, contrived with electronic elements.
Lowe Alpine Mountain Marathon The Lowe Alpine Mountain Marathon (or LAMM) is a two day fell running and orienteering race held in the Scottish Highlands each June. Teams of two run and navigate over mountainous terrain, carrying all their gear for an overnight wild camp.
Lowell Cunningham Lowell Cunningham is the creator and writer of the comic book series the Men in Black. This comic series spawned the 1997 film Men in Black, as well as its 2002 sequel (Men in Black II) and the animated television program Men in Black: The Series.
Lowell Davidson Lowell Davidson (1941–1990) was a jazz pianist from Boston, Massachusetts. After studying biochemistry at Harvard University, he moved to New York and played with Ornette Coleman who urged the ESP Disk record label to record and release an album featuring Davidson with bassist Gary Peacock and drummer Milford Graves.
Lowell family The Lowell family settled on the North Shore at Cape Ann after they arrived in Boston on June 23, 1639. The patriarch, Percival Lowle (1571–1664), described as a "solid citizen of Bristol", determined at the age of 68 that the future was in the New World.
Lowell Folk Festival The Lowell Folk Festival claims to be the biggest free folk festival in the United States. It is made up of three days of traditional music, dance, craft demonstrations, street parades, dance parties, and ethnic foods.
Lowell Forensic Society The Lowell Forensic Society, founded in 1892, is the oldest high school speech and debate team in the nation and also the largest organization at Lowell High School in San Francisco, California. The society occupies Room 135, also known as "Leland Room," named after former Deputy Under Secretary of the Treasury Marc E.
Lowell Gallagher Lowell Gallagher is an American literary theorist and associate professor of English at UCLA. He specializes in early modern English literature, particularly early modern English Catholicism and Edmund Spenser.
Lowell George Lowell George (Lowell Thomas George, born April 13, 1945 in Hollywood, California - died June 29, 1979 in Arlington, VA) was an American musician, singer and guitarist, with the rock group Little Feat and as a solo artist.
Lowell High School (Lowell, Massachusetts) Lowell High School is an American public high school in the city of Lowell, Massachusetts. Located in the downtown area, the school has slightly over 3,900 enrolled as of 2005, giving it the second largest enrollment among public high schools in the state.
Lowell House Lowell House is one of the twelve undergraduate residential houses at Harvard University for sophomores, juniors, and seniors. Named for the prominent Lowell family, it was built in 1930 as part of Harvard President Abbott Lawrence Lowell's drive to provide housing for all Harvard students.
Lowell MacDonald Lowell MacDonald (Born Aug 31, 1941 in New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, Canada) was a National Hockey League right winger during the 1960s and 70s. MacDonald broke into the NHL with the Detroit Red Wings after being promoted from the AHL's Pittsburgh Hornets.
Lowell Mason Lowell Mason (January 8, 1792- August 11, 1872) was a leading figure in American church music, the composer of over 1600 hymns, many of which are often sung today. He was also responsible for the first teaching of music in American public schools.
Lowell National Historical Park Lowell National Historical Park is a National Historical Park of the United States located in Lowell, Massachusetts. Established in 1978, it is operated by the National Park Service and comprises a group of different sites in and around the city of Lowell related to the era of textile manufacturing in the city during the 19th century.
Lowell Nussbaum Lowell Nussbaum (1901 - 1987) was a professional journalist whose famedThe Things I Hear column ran in The Indianapolis Star newspaper from 1945 to 1971.He was inducted into the Indiana Journalism Hall of Fame during his lifetime.
Lowell Palmer Lowell Raymond Palmer (born August 18, 1947 in Sacramento, California) was a Major League Baseball pitcher. The right-hander was drafted by the Philadelphia Phillies in the 1st round (6th pick) of the 1966 amateur draft (Secondary Phase).
Lowell system The Lowell system or Waltham-Lowell system, named after Francis Cabot Lowell, was a paternalistic textile factory system of the early 19th century that relied almost exclusively on young, unmarried women laborers and
Lowell Sherman Lowell Sherman (October 11, 1885 San Francisco - December 28, 1934 Hollywood, California) was an American actor and director. Lowell started out as an actor playing usually playboys and villains and went on to becoming a director.
Lowell Thomas Lowell Jackson Thomas (April 6, 1892 – August 29,1981) was an American writer, broadcaster, and traveller best known as the man who made Lawrence of Arabia famous. So varied were Thomas's activities that when it came time for the Library of Congress to catalog his memoirs they were forced to put them in "CT" in their classification--biographies of subjects who don't fit into any other category.
Lowellville, Ohio Lowellville is a village located in the "Steel Valley" area of Northeast Ohio, southeast of Youngstown. The village is an older, predominantly Italian-American, working-class community built along the banks of the Mahoning River, and centered around the once productive Sharon Steel works.
Lower Albert Road Lower Albert Road (下亞厘畢道) is a road on the Government Hill in the Central of Hong Kong. The south major entrance of Central Government Offices, where major officials work, is located at the Lower Albert Road and another common destination for protests after Government House of Upper Albert Road.
Lower Aulaqi Lower Aulaqi ( []), or the Lower Aulaqi Sultanate (Arabic: سلطنة العوالق السفلى []), was a state in the Aden Protectorate, the Federation of Arab Emirates of the South, and its successor, the Federation of South Arabia. Its capital was Ahwar.
Lower Beverley Lake Lower Beverley Lake is a lake in south eastern Ontario, originally part of the original survey plan for the Rideau Canal, now just south of the Rideau Canal, separated from the Rideau system by a damn at Morton, Ontario.
Lower Brandon Plantation Lower Brandon Plantation (or simply Brandon Plantation), on the James River in present-day Prince George County, Virginia, was owned by the Harrison family from 1700-1926. It was originally bought by Benjamin Harrison II, who lived from 1645-1712.
Lower Burdekin languages The Lower Burdekin languages were probably three distinct Australian Aboriginal languages spoken around the mouth of the Burdekin River in north Queensland. One short wordlist in each was collected in the 19th century, and published in the second volume of The Australian Race in 1886.
Lower Burma Lower Burma is a historical region, referring to the part of Burma annexed by the British Empire after the Second Anglo-Burmese War, which took place in 1852, plus the former kingdom of Arakan and the territory of Tenasserim which the British had taken control of in 1826. Lower Burma was centred at Rangoon, and composed of all of the coast of modern Myanmar, and also the lower basin of Irrawaddy river, including Prome.
Lower Canada Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence (1791-1841). It covered the southern portion of the modern-day province of Québec, Canada, as well as the Labrador region of the modern-day province of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Lower Canada Rebellion The Lower Canada Rebellion is the name given to the armed conflict between the rebels of Lower Canada (now Quebec) and the British colonial power of that province. Together with the simultaneous Upper Canada Rebellion in the neighbouring colony of Upper Canada (now Ontario), it formed the Rebellions of 1837.
Lower Cape May Regional School District The Lower Cape May Regional School District is regional public school district serving students from four communities in Cape May County, New Jersey, United States as part of the Lower Cape May Regional School District. The school serves students from Cape May, Lower Township and West Cape May, and Cape May Point.
Lower City (film) Cidade Baixa (English title: Lower City) is a dramatic film by the Brazilian director SĂ©rgio Machado. It was released in Brazil and to international film festivals in 2005; its general release in the United States was in 2006 in New York.
Lower Connecticut River Valley The Lower Connecticut River Valley is a region of the state of Connecticut focused around Middlesex County, western sections of New London County, and the juncture where the Connecticut River meets Long Island Sound. It is located in the southeastern-central part of the state and includes the towns of Chester, Clinton, Deep River, Essex, Killingworth, Lyme, Old lyme, Old Saybrook, and Westbrook.
Lower Don Valley The Lower Don Valley, or historically the East End of Sheffield, is the mainly industrial north-east quarter of Sheffield, England. Based around the River Don it encompasses the areas of Attercliffe, Brightside, Darnall, Tinsley and Wincobank.
Lower Dublin Township, Pennsylvania Lower Dublin Township, also known as Dublin Township, is a defunct township that was located in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. The township ceased to exist and was incorporated into the City of Philadelphia following the passage of the Act of Consolidation, 1854.
Lower extremity of femur The lower extremity of the femur (or distal extremity), larger than the upper extremity of femur, is somewhat cuboid in form, but its transverse diameter is greater than its antero-posterior; it consists of two oblong eminences known as the condyles.
Lower extremity of ulna The lower extremity of the ulna (or distal extremity) is small, and presents two eminences; the lateral and larger is a rounded, articular eminence, termed the head of the ulna; the medial, narrower and more projecting, is a non-articular eminence, the styloid process.
Lower East Side Tenement National Historic Site Lower East Side Tenement National Historic Site preserves a six-story brick tenement building that was home to an estimated 7,000 people, from over 20 nations, between 1863 and 1935. Located at 97 Orchard Street on the Lower East Side neighborhood of Manhattan in New York, New York, the structure was opened by Lukas Glockner and was modified several times to conform with the city's developing housing laws.
Lower East Side, Manhattan The Lower East Side is a neighborhood in the southeastern part of New York City borough of Manhattan. It has traditionally been an immigrant, working class neighborhood, but it has undergone gentrification in recent years and is increasingly populated by young professionals, artists, students and hipsters.
Lower East Side–Second Avenue (IND Sixth Avenue Line) Lower East Side–Second Avenue is a subway station on the IND Sixth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway. Located at Second Avenue and Houston Street in the Lower East Side neighborhood of Manhattan, it is served by the train at all times.
Lower Estuarine Series The Lower Estuarine Series, also called in more modern publications, the Grantham Formation, is a relatively complex but generally thin set of geological strata which are usually considered as a group. It forms a lower part of the (Bajocian) Inferior Oolite Series, which lies in the Middle Jurassic.
Lower Falls The Lower Falls area is located just to the east of Canyon Village in Yellowstone National Park. A one-way loop drive takes you to the brink of the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone and offers four views, with the last stop at the trail that leads to the top of the Falls.
Lower Fort Garry Lower Fort Garry or "The Stone Fort", as it is known, was built in 1831 by the Hudson's Bay Company on the western bank of the Red River, twenty miles north of the original Fort Garry, which is now Winnipeg, Manitoba. It is the oldest intact stone fort in North America, and treaty number three was signed there.
Lower Galilee Regional Council The Lower Galilee Regional Council is a regional council in northern Israel that encompasses most of the settlements in the Lower Galilee. About 9000 people live in the three kibbutzim, ten moshavim and two communal settlements located in its municipal territory.
Lower Gangetic plains moist deciduous forests The Lower Gangetic plains moist deciduous forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of Bangladesh and eastern India. The ecoregion covers an area of 254,100 square kilometers (98,100 square miles), covering most of Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal, Bihar, and Tripura, and extending into adjacent portions of Assam, Uttar Pradesh, and Orissa states.
Lower Glomma Region The Lower Glomma Region ("Nedre Glomma-regionen") is a statistical metropolitan region in Østfold in southeastern Norway. It is centered on the cities of Fredrikstad and Sarpsborg near the Swedish border.

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