Encyclopedia

Lease purchase contract A lease purchase contract (also known as Lease Option) is a legal document that combines a basic lease contract with an option-to-purchase contract. The tenant/buyer pays to the landlord/seller a non-refundable option deposit that is applied to the purchase price of the home.
Lease-option A lease-option (or lease purchase) is often associated with a real estate transaction primarily consisting of two components: a lease agreement and a purchase option agreement. The two documents work in tandem to create the overall effect for tenants to have legal use and possession while keeping their position to receive transfer title.
Leaseback Leaseback property is a type of property investment popular in Europe. After purchasing the property, the owner leases the property back to a property management company who will rent the property at an agreed guaranteed rental.
Leased access Leased Access airtime is airtime that the Federal Communications Commission mandates must be provided by cable operators for local use. The prices for leased access airtime are controlled by the FCC and therefore cannot be manipulated by cable companies.
Leased line A leased line is a symmetric telecommunications line connecting two locations together. Unlike traditional PSTN lines they do not have a telephone number, each side of the line being permanently connected to the other.
Leasehold Leasehold is a form of property tenure where one party buys the right to occupy land or a building for a given length of time. A lease is a legal estate, leasehold estate can be bought and sold on the open market and differs from a tenancy where a property is let on a periodic basis such as weekly or monthly.
Leasehold valuation tribunal Leasehold Valuation Tribunals (LVTs) are statutory tribunals in England which determine various types of landlord and tenant dispute involving residential property in the private sector. They currently determine:
Leash A leash or a lead is a rope or similar material attached to the neck of a pet (often a dog) for restraint or control. Some leashes clip or tie to collars or harnesses, while others go directly around the animal's neck.
Leash (BDSM) A leash or lead is a length of rope, leather, chain or other flexible material ostensibly for restraint or control. Most leashes attach to collars or body harnesses, while others loop directly around the person's neck, wrist, ankle or sometimes around the male genitals.
Leasing A lease or tenancy is the right to use or occupy personal property or real property given by a [to another person (usually called the lessee] or tenant) for a fixed or indefinite period of time, whereby the lessee obtains exclusive possession of the property in return for paying the lessor a fixed or determinable [[consideration (payment).
Leasingham, South Australia Leasingham (33°58′S 138°39′E) is the name of a hamlet on the southern edge of the Clare Valley, in the Mid North of South Australia. It is approximately 105 kilometres from the state's capital, Adelaide and 29 kilometres south of the town of Clare.
Leasowe Leasowe is an area on the north coast of the Wirral Peninsula in Merseyside in the north west of England, near Moreton and between Wallasey and Meols. Leasowe was part of the old County Borough of Wallasey, and is now within the Wallasey parliamentary constituency and the New Wallasey Regeneration programme.
Leasowes High School Leasowes High School is a secondary school in Halesowen, West Midlands, England. It was opened in about 1970 to replace the nearby Hill & Cakemore Secondary School, and was recently awarded Community College status.
Least absolute deviations Least absolute deviations (LAD), also known as Least Absolute Errors (LAE), Least Absolute Value (LAV), or the L1 norm problem, is a mathematical optimization technique similar to the popular least squares technique in that it attempts to find a function which closely approximates a set of data. In the simple case of a set of (x,y) data points, the approximation function is a simple "trend line" in 2D Cartesian coordinates.
Least Auklet The Least Auklet, Aethia pusilla, is a seabird and the smallest species of auk. It the most abundant seabird in North America, and one of the most abundant in the world, with a population of around nine million birds.
Least common multiple In arithmetic and number theory the least common multiple or lowest common multiple (lcm) or smallest common multiple of two integers a and b is the smallest positive integer that is a multiple of both a and b. If there is no such positive integer, e.
Least cost routing In international voice telecommunications, least cost routing (LCR) is the process that provides customers with cheap telephone calls. Within a telecoms carrier, an LCR team will be choosing routes from between twenty to over one hundred suppliers for five hundred or more destinations across the world on a weekly or even daily basis to maintain a competitive cost base and acceptable call quality.
Least Concern Least Concern (LC) is an IUCN category assigned to extant species or lower taxa which have been evaluated but do not qualify for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, nor Near Threatened, nor (prior to 2001) Conservation Dependent.
Least Count The Least Count is the discrimination of a vernier instrument. All measuring instruments used in the subject of physics can be used to measure various types of objects, but all do so without considering the detail of accuracy.
Least distance of distinct vision The least distance of distinct vision (LDDV) or reference seeing distance (RSD) is the minimum comfortable distance between the naked human eye and a visible object — it is widely accepted as being 250mm (10 inches).
Least Developed Countries Least Developed Countries (LDCs or Fourth World countries) are countries which according to the United Nations exhibit the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development, with the lowest Human Development Index ratings of all countries in the world. A country is classified as a Least Developed Country if it meets three criteria based on:
Least Grebe The Least Grebe, Tachybaptus dominicus, is the smallest member of the grebe family of water birds. It occurs in the New World from the southwestern USA and Mexico south to Chile and Argentina, and also on Trinidad, Tobago, the Bahamas and Greater Antilles.
Least mean squares filter Least mean squares (LMS) algorithms are used in adaptive filters to find the filter coefficients that relate to producing the least mean squares of the error signal (difference between the desired and the actual signal).
Least publishable unit In academic publishing, the least publishable unit (LPU) is the smallest amount of information that can generate a publication in a peer-reviewed journal. The term is often used as a joking, ironic, or sometimes derogatory reference to the strategy of pursuing the greatest quantity of publications at the expense of their quality.
Least significant bit In computing, the least significant bit (lsb) is the bit position in a binary integer giving the units value, that is, determining whether the number is even or odd. The lsb is sometimes referred to as the right-most bit, due to the convention in positional notation of writing less significant digits further to the right.
Least squares Least squares or ordinary least squares (OLS) is a mathematical optimization technique which, when given a series of measured data, attempts to find a function which closely approximates the data (a "best fit"). It attempts to minimize the sum of the squares of the ordinate differences (called residuals) between points generated by the function and corresponding points in the data.
Least Squares Conformal Map A Least Squares Conformal Map is a 2-D representation of a 3-D shape created using the Least Squares Conformal Mapping Method. By using the map as a guide when creating a new 2-D image, the colors of the 2-D image can be automatically placed on the original 3-D model.
Least Tern The Least Tern (Sternula antillarum, formerly Sterna antillarum) is a species of tern that breeds in North America and locally in northern South America. It is closely related to, and was formerly often considered conspecific with, the Little Tern S.
Least upper bound axiom The least upper bound axiom, also abbreviated as the LUB axiom, is an axiom of real analysis stating that if a nonempty subset of the real numbers has an upper bound, then it has a least upper bound. It is an axiom in the sense that it cannot be proven within the system of real analysis.
Least user access Also known as least-privileged user account, least user access is a security feature based on the principle that all users at all times should run with as few privileges as possible, and also launch applications with as few privileges as possible.
Least valued currency unit The least valued currency unit is the currency in which a single unit buys the least number of any given other currency or the smallest amount of a given good. Most commonly the calculation is made against a major reserve currency such as the euro (EUR) or the United States dollar (USD).
Least Worst Of Least Worst Of is a compilation album from Type O Negative featuring some previously released material alongside a few new tracks and remixes. There are two versions of this album: edited and unedited (with a parental advisory label/logo).
Least-squares estimation of linear regression coefficients In parametric statistics, the least-squares estimator is often used to estimate the coefficients of a linear regression. The least-squares estimator optimizes a certain criterion (namely it minimizes the sum of the square of the residuals).
Leat A leat (also spelled lete) is the name, common in the south and west of England, for a man-made watercourse, or makeshift aqueduct, often an artificial channel which supplies water to a watermill or its mill pond, collecting water from upstream of the mill so that the natural level of the driving water is above the level of the stream at the mill. Other names for the same thing include fleam (probably a leat supplying water to a mill that did not have a millpool).
Leath Cuinn Leath Cuinn, or Conn's Half, was a division of Ireland taking in the island north of the Esker Riada (east-west drumlin belt from Dublin to Galway Bay). Conn CĂ©tchathach, for whom this division is named, was a retrospective ancestor of the Connachta and UĂ­ NĂ©ill dynasties.
Leathür Records Leathür Records was the record label that Mötley Crüe's debut album was released on, actually a colophon created by the band and manager Allan Coffman. Too Fast For Love was released in 1981 and featured a picture of singer Vince Neil's leather clad crotch.
Leather cannon A leather cannon was an experimental Swedish attempt of constructing a lighter weapon that would bridge the gap between muskets and heavy stationary cannons. Ordered by Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, it was unsuccessfully fielded in the third Polish-Swedish war.
Leather carving Leather carving entails using metal implements to compress moistened leather in such a way as to give a three dimensional appearance to a two dimensional surface. The surface of the leather is not intended to be cut through at all, such work being known as filigree.
Leather dying Leather dying usually involves the use of spirit or alcohol based dyes where alcohol quickly gets absorbed into moistened leather, carrying the pigment deep into the surface. "Hi-liters" and "Antiquing" stains can be used to add more definition to patterns.
Leather Goddesses of Phobos Leather Goddesses of Phobos is an interactive fiction computer game written by Steve Meretzky and published by Infocom in 1986. Like many other Infocom titles, it was released for the IBM PC (DOS), Amiga, Apple II, Apple Macintosh, Atari ST and Commodore 64 computers.
Leather Goddesses of Phobos 2: Gas Pump Girls Meet the Pulsating Inconvenience from Planet X! Leather Goddesses of Phobos 2: Gas Pump Girls Meet the Pulsating Inconvenience from Planet X! (also known as Leather Goddesses 2 or LGOP2) is a graphic adventure game written by Steve Meretzky and published by Activision in 1992 under the Infocom label.
Leather Charm Leather Charm was a short-lived American heavy metal band from Downey, California. Formed from splintering members of the band Phantom Lord, the group changed its name when bassist Ron McGovney joined the group.
Leather painting Leather painting differs from leather dyeing in that paint remains only on the surface while dyes are absorbed into the leather. Due to this difference, leather painting techniques can not be used on items that can or must bend nor on items that receive friction.
Leather subculture The leather culture typically includes both a style of dress and an affiliation with BDSM (Bondage/Discipline, Dominance/Submission, Sado/Masochism, also called "SM") practice. Both the style of dress and the kinds of BDSM activities characteristic of a community may differ between gay, lesbian, and straight communities, and between Old Guard and newer generations of players.
Leatherbark Run Leatherbark Run is the name of a stream in Pocahontas County, West Virginia, as well as the name of the gap in the Allegheny Mountains carved by the stream as it flows southeastward toward the Greenbrier River.
Leatherface Leatherface is the main villain of The Texas Chain Saw Massacre movies. He is a "severely mentally retarded and severely mentally disturbed" man who wields a chainsaw and wears the skinned faces of his victims.
Leatherface (band) Named after the Texas Chainsaw Massacre villain, Leatherface, is a relatively obscure but critically acclaimed British punk band from Sunderland fronted by Frankie Stubbs. Formed in August 1988, they have released eight full-length albums so far.
Leatherhead (TMNT) Leatherhead is a fictional character in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles series. He was created in 1987 by Mirage Studio's artist Ryan Brown, who also went on to create the Saturday morning cartoon series the Wild West C.
Leatherjacket fish The leatherjacket fish, skipjack or leather jack, Oligoplites saurus, is a jack and member of the Carangidae family. Leather jack may also refer to other members of the Carangidea family, such as the pilot fish.
Leatherman Leatherman is a trademark for a line of multi-function hand tools produced by the Leatherman Tool Group. The tools are usually slightly larger than a Swiss Army knife of similar functionality, each generally including a knife, pliers, screwdriver and assorted other devices.
Leatherstocking Tales The Leatherstocking Tales is a series of novels by American writer James Fenimore Cooper, each featuring the hero Natty Bumppo, known by European settlers as "Leatherstocking," and by the Native Americans as "Pathfinder," "Deerslayer," or "Hawkeye".
Leathesia difformis Leathesia difformis, the sea potato, is a littoral brown alga in the phylum Phaeophyta and the order Chordariales which is commonly attached to other seaweeds and sometimes rocks. When young, the organism is solid but as it matures it become hollow and somewhat convoluted and has the appearance of a small leathery brown bag about the same size as a tennis ball.
Leavadial A leavadial is a concept in requirements analysis and traceability, where the designer does not have ample requirements data to determine the appropriate default value (computer science) of a variable. The designer decides to arbitrarily set the value, and then provide a method (computer science) for changing the default value.
Leave 'Em Laughing Leave 'Em Laughing is a two-reel silent film from 1928 starring Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy as two men under the affects of laughing gas who cause a traffic jam and have difficulties with a traffic cop, played by Edgar Kennedy. This film is notable for Kennedy's first appearance in a Laurel and Hardy film.
Leave and Earnings Statement A Leave and Earnings Statement is a document given on a monthly basis to members of the US Military and the US Civil Service which documents their pay and leave status on a monthly basis. For civil service employees, it is received with their paychecks, usually biweekly.
Leave Before the Lights Come On "Leave Before the Lights Come On" is a rock song recorded by the Arctic Monkeys and was released on 14 August 2006 as the band's third single. Although the song does not feature on the band's debut album Whatever People Say I Am, That's What I'm Not, Alex Turner has stated that it could have been on the album as it follows a similar theme to many of the album tracks.
Leave in Silence "Leave in Silence" is the sixth UK single by Depeche Mode originally released on August 16 1982. It is the first Depeche Mode single in the UK with the "Bong" label, which is still used to this day.
Leave It to Binky Leave It to Binky is a comics series by DC which ran for 82 issues between 1948 and 1977, all told. It's success inspired the creation of spin-off title, Binky's Buddies, which ran for twelve issues from 1969 to 1970.
Leave It to Chance Leave It to Chance was a comic book series written by James Robinson, illustrated by Paul Smith and published by Image Comics. It featured the adventures of Chance Falconer, the 14-year old daughter of famed paranormal investigator Lucas Falconer, and her pet dragon, St.
Leave No Trace Leave No Trace is a set of principles for participation in outdoor recreation that seeks to minimize the impact on the natural environment. Proponents of Leave No Trace believe that individual impacts caused by recreation can accumulate to degrade the land.
Leave the Light On (Beth Hart album) Leave the Light On is an album by Beth Hart. Several versions of this album exist, ranging from the very original release in New Zealand in the spring of 2003 (on Warner Music NZ), the standard international version released worldwide later in the fall of 2003 (on Koch Records), then several specialized reissues in various european markets throughout 2004 and 2005.
Leave the Light On (Lorrie Morgan album) Leave the Light On was a #6 country album on the Billboard charts, with such singles as "Trainwreck of Emotion" at #20, "Dear Me" at #9, "Out of Your Shoes" at #2, "Five Minutes" at #1, and "He Talks to Me" at #4. On the original vinyl LP, there were only nine tracks, but the CD version adds two more, including a somewhat ill-fitting cover of the Beatles's "Eight Days a Week.
Leave the Pieces "Leave the Pieces" is a country-pop song written by Jennifer Hanson and Billy Austin, and produced by John Shanks and Michelle Branch for The Wreckers' debut album Stand Still, Look Pretty (2006). It was released to the U.
Leave to enter "Leave to Enter" is the technical term for someone granted entry to the United Kingdom by British immigration officers. There is no practical difference between the British "Leave to Enter" and the entry granted to anyone crossing any other international border by the admitting country.
Leave to Remain The Leave to Remain is the legal status of a person issued by a government office of internal affairs to one who is not yet a citizen. In most stable countries, Indefinite leave to remain (as is known in the UK) is granted to these foreign citizens after a specified period spent within its borders.
Leavening agent A leavening agent (sometimes called just leavening or leaven) is a substance used in doughs and batters that causes a foaming action. The leavening agent reacts with moisture, heat, acidity, or other triggers to produce gas that becomes trapped as bubbles within the dough.
Leaverite Leaverite is a slang term used by geologists, minerologists, and amateur rock collectors to identify a specimen in the field that may look interesting but is actually not. Rocks identified as such should be left in situ, as they are not worth the hassle of transportation or deserving of a place in a respectable collection.
Leaves Leaves are an Icelandic five-piece alternative rock band who came to prominence in 2002 with their debut album, Breathe, drawing comparisons to groups such as Coldplay and Doves. Their second album, The Angela Test, was released in 2005.
Leaves of Grass Leaves of Grass is a collection of poems by American poet Walt Whitman, the best-known of which are "Song of Myself", "I Sing the Body Electric", "Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking", and his homage to the assassinated U.S.
Leaves' Eyes Leaves' Eyes is a gothic metal band with folk metal elements from Norway/Germany assembled in 2003, shortly before singer Liv Kristine was fired from Theatre of Tragedy. Leaves' Eyes was formed by her husband Alexander Krull and members of his band Atrocity.
Leavesden Film Studios Leavesden Film Studios is a film and media complex constructed on the site of the former Rolls-Royce factory at Leavesden Aerodrome, which was an important centre of aircraft production during World War II. It is situated in west Hertfordshire around 15 miles south of Welwyn Garden City and approximately 30 miles northwest of central London, just outside Watford.
Leavey Center Leavey Center, also known as the Leavey Activities Center or occasionally by its old nickname the Toso Pavilion, is an indoor basketball arena in Santa Clara, California. It is home to the Santa Clara University Broncos basketball and volleyball teams.
Leavey School of Business The Leavey School of Business at Santa Clara University was founded in 1923 and accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business twenty years later. Located in Silicon Valley - the global center of information technology - the school fuses its Jesuit heritage with the vibrant energy and innovation present in the region.
Leaving Certificate The Leaving Certificate (Irish: Ardteistiméireacht), commonly referred to as the Leaving Cert (Irish: Ardteist) is the final course in the Irish secondary school system and culminates with the Leaving Certificate Examination. It takes a minimum of two years preparation, but an optional Transition Year means that for those students it takes place three years after the Junior Certificate Examination.
Leaving Home (Jebediah) Leaving Home is the first single released from Jebediah's debut album Slightly Odway. It was released 27 June 1997, it reached number 48 in the Australian ARIA Singles Chart and was rated number 10 in the Triple J Hottest 100 music poll for 1997.
Leaving Islam: Apostates Speak Out Leaving Islam, a book written and edited by secularist author Ibn Warraq, is a critical look at Islam and the Qur'an. It provides a history of apostasy in Islam, and contains a number of testimonies of "born Muslims" including the Iranian ex-Muslim Ali Sina and western converts describing their apostasy.
Leaving Las Vegas Leaving Las Vegas is a 1995 romantic drama film about a relationship between a suicidal alcoholic and a prostitute, starring Nicolas Cage and Elisabeth Shue, respectively. The film was directed and written by Mike Figgis, based on a semi-autobiographical novel by John O'Brien.
Leaving Metropolis Leaving Metropolis is a 2002 Canadian drama film written, directed, and based on the play Poor Super Man by Brad Fraser, about a gay man and a married heterosexual man who fall in love. It was filmed in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Leaving of Liverpool "Leaving of Liverpool", also known as Fare Thee Well, My Own True Love is an Anglo - Irish folk ballad, a popular and wistful entry in the nation's pub song catalogue. The sea song's narrator laments his emigration to America and the thought of leaving his birthplace and loved ones (especially his "own true love").
Leaving on a Jet Plane "Leaving on a Jet Plane" was a song written by John Denver in 1967 during a layover at an airport in Washington and was recorded by the Chad Mitchell Trio that year. Others had covered the song that year, including versions from Spanky & Our Gang and Peter, Paul and Mary; however, it only became a hit when the latter act covered the song again on Album 1700, their 1969 effort.
Leawood Elementary School (Colorado) Leawood Elementary School is a grade school in Littleton, Colorado. It became well known during the Columbine High School massacre when it was used as a rendezvous point for parents and other family members of students and faculty who were rescued from the school.
LeAnne Howe LeAnne Howe is an author and scholar at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. An enrolled member of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, Howe's work has been published in a variety of journals and anthologies.
LeĂ­smo LeĂ­smo ("using le") is a phenomenon in the Spanish language that involves using the indirect object pronoun le in place of the (standard) masculine direct object pronoun lo, especially when the direct object is animate.
Leó Szilárd Leó Szilárd (February 11, 1898 – May 30, 1964 Originally Szilárd Leó) was a Hungarian-American physicist who conceived the nuclear chain reaction and worked on the Manhattan Project. He was born in Budapest under the Austro-Hungarian Empire and died in La Jolla, California.
LeĂłn (province) LeĂłn (LliĂłn in Leonese) is a province of northwestern Spain, in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile and LeĂłn. The historic leonese kingdom was integrated by the autonomous communities of Asturias and Galicia, and the provinces of LeĂłn Zamora, Salamanca, Valladolid, Palencia and many other territories in Extremadura and northwest of andalusian province of Huelva.
León Cathedral Santa María de León Cathedral, also called The House of Light or the Pulchra Leonina is situated in the city of León in north-west Spain. It was built on the site of previous Roman hot baths of the 2nd century which, 800 years later, the emblematic king Ordoño II converted into a palace.
León Gieco Raúl Alberto Antonio Gieco, better known as León Gieco (born on November 20 1951 on a farm near Cañada Rosquín in northern Santa Fe, Argentina) is a pop-folk music composer and interpreter. He is known for mixing popular folkloric genres with Argentine rock, and for lyrics with social and political connotations.
LeĂłn MarĂ­a Guerrero LeĂłn MarĂ­a Guerrero y Leogardo (January 21, 1853-April 13, 1935) was a Filipino scientist, educator, writer, revolutionary leader and politician who was the first licensed pharmacist in the Philippines and one of the most eminent botanists in the country in his time.
León, Guanajuato The city of León – officially named León de los Aldama – is the fifth most populous city in Mexico and the largest city in the state of Guanajuato; it is also the seat of León municipality. Also known as the The Shoe Capital, it features large factories that not only produce shoes, but also boots, belts, jackets, and other leather accessories, serving both national and international markets.
Leányvásár Leányvásár is an operetta by Hungarian composer Viktor Jacobi. It was premiered on 14 November 1911 at the Király Színház (King Theater) in Budapest and was the composer's first significant success not only in Hungary, but also abroad.
Leçons de tenebres (Couperin) The leçons de ténèbres pour le mercredi Saint ("lessons of darkness for Wednesday Saint" or Tenebrae for Holy Wednesday) were written by François Couperin for the liturgies of the Holy Week of 1714 to the abbey of Longchamps. They use the text of the Lamentations of Jeremiah, in the Old Testament, in which the prophet deplores the destruction of Jerusalem by Babylonians.
Leb i sol Leb i sol (Macedonian Леб и сол) is a Macedonian jazz fusion group founded in the 1970's by Vlatko Stefanovski (guitar), Bodan Arsovski (bass guitar), Nikola Dimuševski (keyboards) and Garabet Tavitjan (drums). Tavitijan ceded the drumwork to Dragoljub Đuričić for the Sledovanje recording sessions and onwards.
Lebamba Lebamba is a small town in Gabon located next to the Bongolo American Mission Hospital, which is considered to be one of the best in Gabon. It is staffed by American missionary doctors and is one of only three hospitals in Gabon that offer HIV testing (along with the Libreville and Port Gentil hospitals.
Lebane Lebane (Serbian Cyrillic: Лебане) is a town and municipality in southern Serbia, a part of the Jablanica District. The municipality is located at 41°45'N and 21°45'E and has a population of 24,918 while the town itself has 10,004 inhabitants (according to 2002 census).
Lebanese American University The Lebanese American University is an American institution chartered by the Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York and operating in Lebanon. Currently, LAU has two campuses: one located in Beirut, and a second in the Mount Lebanon city of Jbeil (Byblos).
Lebanese Armed Forces The military of the Republic of Lebanon is officially known as the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) (Arabic: القوات المسلحة اللبنانية al-Quwa'at al-Musalha al-Lubna'ani.ya) and consists of three branches:
Lebanese Australian Lebanese Australians is the name given to an ethnic group in Australia who are either migrants or descended from migrants from Lebanon. Lebanese Australians are the ninth largest ethnic group in Australia, numbering 162,239 or 0.
Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation Founded in August 1985, the Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation International (), widely known as LBCI, is the first private television station in Lebanon. It went global in 1996 when it launched its satellite channel LBC Al-Fadha'iya Al-Lubnaniya ( Lebanese satellite channel) covering the Middle East.
Lebanese cuisine Lebanese Cuisine, or foods from Lebanon, are considered a Mediterranean delicacy consisting of a variety of fresh vegetarian recipes, salads and stews all seasoned with a flavorsome combination of herbs and spices. One of the most world known Lebanese specialties is called the Maza, also written "Mezze", which is a selection of appetisers: olives, cheeses, Labanee, or small portions also known as muqabbilat (starters).
Lebanese Civil War The multi-sided Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) had its origin in the conflicts and political compromises after the end of Lebanon's administration by the Ottoman Empire and was exacerbated by the nation's changing demographic trends, Christian and Muslim inter-religious strife, and the involvement of Syria, Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). After a short break in the fighting in 1976 due to Arab League mediation and Syrian intervention, civil strife continued, with fighting primarily focused in south Lebanon, controlled first by the PLO, then occupied by Israel.

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