Encyclopedia

National Museum of the United States Air Force The National Museum of the United States Air Force (formerly the United States Air Force Museum) is the official national museum of the United States Air Force and is located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, east of Dayton, Ohio. Over 300 aircraft and missiles are on display, most of them indoors.
National Museum Soares dos Reis National Museum Soares dos Reis (Portuguese: Museu Nacional Soares dos Reis), located in the ancient Carrancas Palace, in Porto, Portugal, is one of the most renowned Portuguese museums. It displays one of the finest collections of Portuguese art, in particular a gallery of works by Portuguese sculptor AntĂłnio Soares dos Reis, after whom the museum is named.
National Museum, Phnom Penh The National Museum in Phnom Penh, capital of Cambodia, is the country's leading historical and archaeological museum. It houses the world's largest collection of Khmer art, although as a centre of Khmer historical commemoration it tends to be overshadowed by the great temple complex at Angkor and the associated museums and displays in the Siem Reap region.
National Music Museum The National Music Museum, "America's Shrine to Music," is a music-oriented museum in Vermillion, South Dakota, USA. It was founded in 1973 on the campus of the University of South Dakota, as the National Music Museum & Center for Study of the History of Musical Instruments.
National Mutual Insurance Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives The National Mutual Insurance Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives (Japanese: 全国共済農業協同組合連合会), commonly known as "JA Kyosai" (ＪＡ共済), is Japan's national mutual aid association of agricultural cooperatives, founded based on Japan's Agricultural Cooperative Law.
National Muzzle Loading Rifle Association Founded in 1933, the National Muzzle Loading Rifle Association (NMLRA) is the largest association of muzzleloaders in the United States. It is known for its promotion of the sport of muzzleloading which involves the firing of muzzleloader or black powder firearms.
National Nanotechnology Initiative The National Nanotechnology Initiative is an American federal nanoscale science, engineering, and technology research and development program. Initiative participants (cited below) state that its four goals are to
National Native Title Tribunal The National Native Title Tribunal is an Australian Commonwealth Government agency set up under the Native Title Act 1993 (Cwlth). It is part of the Attorney-General's portfolio and mediates native title claims under the direction of the Federal Court of Australia (FCA).
National Natural Landmark The National Natural Landmark (NNL) program recognizes and encourages the conservation of outstanding examples of the United States' natural history. The program was established on May 18, 1962 by United States Secretary of the Interior Stewart Udall relying on authority provided by the Historic Sites Act of 1935.
National Nature Reserves in Bedfordshire National Nature Reserves in Bedfordshire in England are established by English Nature and managed by them or by non-governmental organisations such as the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds or the National Trust.
National Nature Reserves in Cumbria National Nature Reserves in Cumbria in England are established by English Nature and managed by them or by non-governmental organisations such as the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds or the National Trust.
National Nature Reserves in Derbyshire National Nature Reserves in Derbyshire in England are established by English Nature and managed by them or by non-governmental organisations such as the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds or the National Trust.
National Nature Reserves in England National Nature Reserves in England are managed by English Nature and are key places for wildlife and natural features in England. They were established to protect the most important areas of habitat and of geological formations.
National Nature Reserves in Hampshire National Nature Reserves in Hampshire in England are established by English Nature and managed by them or by non-governmental organisations such as the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds or the National Trust.
National Nature Reserves in Lancashire National Nature Reserves in Lancashire in England are established by English Nature and managed by them or by non-governmental organisations such as the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds or the National Trust.
National Nature Reserves in Norfolk National Nature Reserves (NNR) in England are established by English Nature and managed by them or by non-governmental organisations such as the Norfolk Wildlife Trust, the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds or the National Trust.
National Nature Reserves in Suffolk National Nature Reserves in Suffolk in England are established by English Nature and managed by them or by non-governmental organisations such as the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, the National Trust or the Suffolk Wildlife Trust.
National Nature Reserves in Teesside National Nature Reserves in Teesside in England are established by English Nature and managed by them or by non-governmental organisations such as the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds or the National Trust.
National Nature Reserves in Yorkshire National Nature Reserves in Yorkshire in England are established by English Nature and managed by them or by non-governmental organisations such as the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds or the National Trust.
National Naval Medical Center The National Naval Medical Center in Bethesda, Maryland, also known as the Bethesda Naval Hospital, is considered the flagship of the United States Navy's system of medical centers. A federal institution, it conducts medical and dental research as well as provides health care for American leaders, including the president and his family.
National Navigation Award Scheme The National Navigation Award Scheme (NNAS) was launched at the Royal Institute of Navigation in 1994. The Scheme operates in the United Kingdom and is a personal performance, non-competitive series of map reading and navigation awards.
National Negro Committee The National Negro Committee (formed: New York City, May 31 and June 1, 1910 - ceased: New York City, May 12, 1910) Composed of a group of acitivits to address the social, economic, and political rights of African-Americans. The Committee was the precursor to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
National Night Out National Night Out is a community-police partnership held the first Tuesday of every August since 1984 sponsored by the National Association of Town Watch in the United States and Canada. It aims to increase awareness about police programs in communities, such as drug prevention, town watch, and other anti-crime efforts.
National Nine News National Nine News is the name of Australian television network Nine Network's news service. Its flagship bulletin is broadcast at 6:00pm every night, with a separate bulletin for Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth, Darwin and the Gold Coast.
National Nurses Organizing Committee The National Nurses Organizing Committee is a labor union and professional association of registered nurses that was formed by the California Nurses Association to organize registered nurses and to advocate for improved patient care and progressive public health policy outside of the state of California.
National Nutrition Council (Philippines) The Philippines' National Nutrition Council (Filipino: Pambansang Pangasiwaan sa Nutrisyon), abbreviated as NNC, is an agency of the Philippine government under the Department of Agriculture responsible for creating a conducive policy environment for national and local nutrition planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and surveillance using state-of the art technology and approaches.
National Occupational Classification The National Occupational Classification, or NOC, is a systematic taxonomy of all occupations in the Canadian labour market. Organized into two volumes, it describes 923 distinct occupations in terms of aptitudes, interests, education, physical activities, and other qualifiers.
National Ocean Sciences Bowl The National Ocean Sciences Bowl (NOSB) is a national, high-school science competition administered by the Consortium for Oceanographic Research and Education (CORE). It uses a quiz-bowl format, with lockout buzzers and extended team challenge questions to test students on their knowledge of oceanography.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is a scientific agency of the United States Department of Commerce focused on the conditions of the oceans and the atmosphere. NOAA warns of dangerous weather, charts seas and skies, guides the use and protection of ocean and coastal resources, and conducts research to improve understanding and stewardship of the environment.
National Oceanographic Data Center The National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) manages the acquisition, ingest processing, quality control and long-term preservation of oceanographic data. Oceanographic data in digital form is sorted, categorized and assigned unique identification numbers at ingest (non-digital data and information are normally incorporated in the NOAA Library, but are always considered for future conversion to digital form to support modern access and retrieval methodologies).
National Oceanography Centre, Southampton The National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (NOCS) is a purpose-built, joint venture between the University of Southampton and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). Opened in 1996, it is one of a group of world-class centres of excellence specialising in marine science, earth science and marine technology.
National Off-Road Bicycle Association NORBA or the National Off-Road Bicycle Association is the organizing body for the NORBA National Mountain Bike Series. NORBA is a division of USA Cycling, which is itself a part of Union Cycliste Internationale or UCI.
National Offender Management Service The National Offender Management Service (NOMS) is a department of the Home Office responsible for the correctional services in England and Wales (separate arrangements exist in Scotland and Northern Ireland). It was created by combining parts of the headquarters of the National Probation Service and Her Majesty's Prison Service.
National Office of Electoral Processes The National Office of Electoral Processes (Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales, ONPE) is the body in charge of organizing elections in Peru. Created in 1993, during the government of Alberto Fujimori, it is headquartered in the JesĂşs MarĂ­a District in Lima.
National Office Products Alliance The National Office Products Alliance (NOPA) is a division of the Independent Office Products and Furniture Dealers Association (IOPFDA), a trade association for resellers of office products and office furniture. It is based in Arlington, Virginia.
National Office Products Association National Office Products Association was an association of manufacturers and distributors of office products. It later became the Business Products International Association, which in turn became the Independent Office Products and Furniture Dealers Association.
National Oil Company A National Oil Company (NOC) is an oil company fully or in the majority publicly owned. According to the IMF, NOCs had a share of around 50% in 2005 global oil production and a share of over 70% in global oil reserves.
National Old Trails Highway National Old Trails Highway (NOT) also known as the Ocean-to-Ocean Highway, was established in 1912 and became part of the National Auto Trail system in the United States. It was 3,095 miles long and stretched from Maryland to California.
National Olympiad in Informatics The National Olympiad in Informatics usually refers to the a national competition of a particular country, which usually is the course of selection of the country's 4-strong team to participate in the International Olympiad in Informatics. Examples are:
National Olympic Committee National Olympic Committees (or NOC) are the national constituents of the worldwide olympic movement. Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee, they are responsible for organizing their country's participation in the Olympic Games.
National Opera and Ballet Sofia The National Opera and Ballet Sofia is an opera and ballet company located in Sofia Bulgaria. It was founded in 1890 in the Western European and Russian opera theatre traditions following the collapse of Ottoman domination.
National Opera Studio The National Opera Studio was established by the Arts Council as a link between the music colleges and the six main UK opera companies. It was resident at Morley College in Lambeth until 2003, when it gained use for the first time of its own dedicated premises in Chapel Yard, Wandsworth.
National Operatic and Dramatic Association NODA has a membership of amateur societies and individual enthusiasts throughout the UK, staging musicals, operas, plays, concerts and pantomimes in a wide variety of performing venues, ranging from the country’s leading professional theatres to tiny village halls.
National Operations Council The National Operations Council (NOC) was an emergency administrative body which attempted to restore law and order in Malaysia after the May 13 Incident in 1969, when racial rioting broke out in the federal capital of Kuala Lumpur. From 1969 to 1971, the NOC governed the country in lieu of the elected government.
National Opposition Union National Opposition Union(UniĂłn Nacional Opositora--UNO) was a wide-range cartel of opposition parties formed to contest Nicaraguas president Daniel Ortega in 1990 election. Opposition candidate Violeta Chamorro eventually won the race.
National Oppression National oppression is the mistreatment of people depending on what their nationality is. This type of oppression is commonly seen internationally, where the powerful imperialist countries overshadow the politics and economies of exploited countries.
National Order of Quebec The National Order of Quebec (French: Ordre national du Québec) is an order of merit bestowed by the Government of Quebec. It was instituted by the government of Premier René Lévesque, and is one of the most prestigious honours in Quebec and French America.
National Organic Program In the United States, the National Organic Program (NOP) is the federal regulatory framework governing organic food. It was made law in October 2002, and is administered by the Department of Agriculture (USDA).
National Organisation of Labor Students The National Organisation of Labor Students (usually known as NOLS), was a factional grouping operating within the Australian National Union of Students, generally sympathetic towards the Socialist Left faction of the Australian Labor Party (ALP). It is not to be confused with the British body sometimes known by the same name.
National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (United States) The National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws or NORML (pronounced "normal") is a US-based non-profit corporation whose aim is, according to their most recent mission statement, to "move public opinion sufficiently to achieve the repeal of cannabis prohibition so that the responsible use of this drug by adults is no longer subject to penalty." According to their website, NORML "supports the removal of all criminal penalties for the private possession and responsible use of marijuana by adults, including the cultivation for personal use, and the casual nonprofit transfers of small amounts," and "supports the development of a legally controlled market for cannabis.
National Organization of Black Law Enforcement Executives The National Organization of Black Law Enforcement Executives (NOBLE) is a membership group for black law enforcement CEOs and command level officials in local, state, county, and federal government. Headquartered in Washington, DC, it has 57 chapters in the United States and one in the Caribbean.
National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers The National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers (NOCIRC) is a non-profit organization headquartered in the United States, with some centers in other countries. Its goal is to secure "the birthright of male, female, and intersex children and babies to keep their sex organs intact.
National Organization of Italian American Women The National Organization of Italian American Women (NOIAW) is a sisterhood of diverse women from varied professional backgrounds. Members include doctors, lawyers, artists, scientists, nurses, businesswomen, educators, writers, judges, and women working in the home.
National Organization of Russian Scouts The National Organization of Russian Scouts (NORS/НОРС) is one of the two large Russian Scouting in Exile movements. This organization has historically drawn the liberal side of the spectrum of Russians in exile.
National Organization of Short Statured Adults The National Organization of Short Statured Adults (NOSSA) is a non-profit advocacy group for adults of short stature. The organization defines "short stature" to be men under 5'7" and women under 5'2" in height.
National Organization of Social Security Claimants' Representatives Established in 1979, the National Organization of Social Security Claimants' Representatives is an association of over 3,300 attorneys and paralegals who represent Social Security Disability Insurance and Supplemental Security Income claimants. NOSSCR members explain, through this organization, that they are committed to providing high quality representation for claimants, to maintaining a system of full and fair adjudication for every claimant, and to advocating for beneficial change in the disability determination and adjudication process.
National Orchestra of Belgium The National Orchestra of Belgium (French: Orchestre National de Belgique; Flemish: Nationaal Orkest van België) is the leading orchestra in Belgium. Founded in 1936, it is based in the Palais des Beaux-Arts, Brussels.
National Ornamental Metal Museum The National Ornamental Metal Museum is a museum in Memphis, Tennessee for the collection, preservation, and exhibition of historical and contemporary metalwork. The museum is housed in a 1930's brick building on a bluff overlooking the Mississippi River that was formerly used as a U.
National Outdoor Leadership School The National Outdoor Leadership School (NOLS), is a non-profit school in the United States dedicated to teaching environmental ethics, technical outdoor skills, and leadership on extended backcountry expeditions. The NOLS mission is to be the leading source and teacher of wilderness skills and leadership that serve people and the environment.
National Outsourcing Association The National Outsourcing Association (NOA) was founded in the United Kingdom in 1987 by Martyn Hart. The organisation was the first European association to promote effective outsourcing and it is the parent of the federal European outsourcing association.
National parishes (Québec) National parishes in Québec are Latin rite Catholic parishes that serve the different ethnic communities in Montreal, including the Irish, Italian, Portuguese, and Chinese. They are distinguished from territorial parishes that serve the French-speaking majority, and also from Eastern-rite parishes that serve ethnic communities associated with Eastern Catholic Churches, such as Ukrainians.
National park A national park is a reserve of land, usually declared and owned by a national government, protected from most human development and pollution. A National Park also has a set of rules which the public must abide by, such as no littering.
National parks in Greece Greece is characterized by an extremely fragmented, rugged landscape hosting a great diversity of ecosystems and an outstanding biodiversity. Almost 5% of its extensive coastline consists of ecologically sensitive wetlands.
National parks of England and Wales The national parks of England and Wales are areas of relatively undeveloped and scenic landscape that are designated under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. Despite the name, national parks in England and Wales are quite different from those in many other countries, where national parks are owned and managed by the government as a protected community resource, and permanent human communities are not a part of the landscape.
National parks of New Zealand The Department of Conservation administers the majority of the publicly owned land in New Zealand that is protected for scenic, scientific, historic and cultural reasons, or set aside for recreational purposes. More than 80,000 km² – nearly 30 percent of the nation's total area – are administered by the department.
National parks of Northern Ireland Northern Ireland does not currently have any national parks established, although a number of AONBs (Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty) have been identified. As of 2002, an effort was being made to establish the first park for the Mountains of Mourne.
National parks of Scotland There are currently two national parks of Scotland: Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park, created in 2002, and the Cairngorms National Park, created in 2003. These national parks were designated as such under the National Parks (Scotland) Act 2000, passed by the Scottish Parliament, 51 years after the establishment of the National Parks of England and Wales.
National pharmaceuticals policy A National Pharmaceuticals Policy is one that aims at ensuring that people get good quality drugs at the lowest possible price, and that doctors prescribe the minimum of required drugs in order to treat the patient's illness. The pioneers in this field were Chile and Sri Lanka.
National police National police are the primary source of law enforcement activities in some countries, such as Italy, France and Japan, and are organised on a national basis. They provide all manner of law enforcement such as patrol and prevention, crime investigation, and counter-intelligence.
National political association In the context of Mexican politics, a national political association (Spanish: AgrupaciĂłn polĂ­tica nacional, APN) is a citizens' association intended to assist in the development of democratic life and the country's political culture, as well as being intended to create a better informed public opinion.Article 33.
National postgraduate representative body A national postgraduate representative body exists in many countries representing postgraduate students/researchers undertaking their doctorate (PhD) or postdoctoral research. Some have a broader remit to represent all postgraduates, including those taking Master's degrees.
National preparedness level The National Multi-Agency Coordination Group (MAC) establishes National Preparedness Levels throughout the calendar year to help assure that wildland firefighting resources are ready to respond to new incidents. Preparedness Levels are dictated by burning conditions, fire activity, and especially resource availability.
National public safety football league The National Public Safety Football League, or NPSFL, is a union of public safety agency football teams from throughout the United States, united to promote a positive self-image to the public, by raising funds for charity through spirited competition. The NPSFL is incorporated in New York State and recognized as a not for profit organization.
National Pacemaker Awards The National Pacemaker Awards are awards for excellence in American student journalism, given annually since 1927. The awards are generally considered to be the highest national honors in their field, and are unofficially known as the "Pulitzer Prizes of student journalism.
National Pact The National Pact is an unwritten agreement that laid the foundation of Lebanon as a multi-confessional state, and has shaped the country to this day. Following negotiations between the Shi'ite, Sunni, and Maronite leaderships, the National Pact was born in the summer of 1943 allowing Lebanon to be independent.
National Palace Museum The National Palace Museum (Chinese: 國立故宮博物院; pinyin: Gúolì Gùgōng Bówùyùan) is an art gallery and museum in Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China containing artifacts of ancient China. It should not be confused with the Palace Museum (note the absence of the word "National"), which is the Forbidden City in Beijing.
National Palace of Culture The National Palace of Culture (; abbreviated as , NDK), located in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, is the largest multifunctional congress, conference, convention and exhibition centre in Southeastern Europe. It was opened in 1981.
National Park Authority A National Park Authority is a special term used in the United Kingdom for the legal body in charge of a National park. The powers and duties of the Authorities are all similar, but do vary somewhat depending on the country in which they are situated.
National Park of American Samoa The National Park of American Samoa is a national park on the American territory of American Samoa, distributed across three separate islands: Tutuila, Ofu, and Ta‘ū. Authorized by Congress in 1988, the National Park Service entered into 50-year leases for all park land from Samoan village councils on September 9, 1993.
National Park of Upper Niger The National Park of Upper Niger is a recently gazetted national park in Guinea in northwestern Africa. The park covers around 6000 square km of in the north-eastern area of the country, of which 600 square km comprise the core area.
National Park Passport Stamps At nearly all of the American National Park units (and many of the National Park Service's affiliated areas), one or more National Park Passport Stamps (cancellation stamps) can be acquired at no cost at park visitor centers and ranger stations. The stamps serve as a record of each park visit.
National Park Poloniny The National Park Poloniny () is a national park in northeastern Slovakia near the Polish and Ukrainian borders, in the Poloniny mountains and Bukovské vrchy. It was created on 1st October 1997 with protected area of 298.
National Park Service The National Park Service (NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation and historical properties with various title designations.It was created on August 25], [[1916 by Congress through the Organic Act (16 United States Code, sections 1,2,3 and 4) in order to "conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and the wild life therein and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations.
National Park Service Act The National Park Service Act is a United States federal law that established the National Park Service, an agency of the United States Department of the Interior. The Act was signed into law on August 25, 1916 by President Woodrow Wilson, and is located in Title 16 of the United States Code.
National Park Service Rustic National Park Service Rustic is a style of architecture that arose in the United States National Park System to create buildings that harmonized with their natural environment. Since its founding, the National Park Service consistently has sought to provide visitor facilities without visually interrupting the natural or historic scene.
National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 The National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which created the Countryside Commission (which later became the Countryside Agency), provided the framework for the creation of national parks and Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty in England and Wales, and also addressed public rights of way and access to open land. The Act was passed in 1949 with all-party support, as part of the reconstruction of the UK by the Labour Party government after World War II.
National Parks Conservation Association The National Parks Conservation Association (NPCA) is the only environmental organization devoted exclusively to advocacy on behalf of the National Parks. Its mission is "to protect and enhance America's National Park System for present and future generations.
National Parks of Argentina The National Parks of Argentina make up a network of 29 national parks in Argentina. The parks cover a very varied set of terrains and biotopes, from BaritĂş National Park on the altiplano northern border with Bolivia to Tierra del Fuego National Park in the far south of the continent (see List of national parks of Argentina).
National Parks of Azerbaijan National Parks of Azerbaijan refers to the situation of national parks in Azerbaijan. National parks are the public lands or bodies of water of special environmental, historical and other importance, which bear the status of governmental institutions.
National Parks of Costa Rica There are currently 26 National Parks of Costa Rica, which are managed under the umbrella of SINAC (Sistema Nacional de Areas de Conservacion), a department of Costa Rica's Ministry of Environment and Energy (MINAE).
National Parliament of East Timor The National Parliament of East Timor (Portuguese: Parlamento Nacional de Timor-Leste) is the unicameral national legislature in East Timor. It was created in 2001 as the Constituent Assembly while the country was still under the supervision of the United Nations, but renamed itself to the National Parliament with the attaining of national independence on May 20, 2002.
National Parliament of Papua New Guinea The National Parliament of Papua New Guinea is the unicameral national legislature in Papua New Guinea. It was first created in 1964 as the House of Assembly of the Papua and New Guinea, but gained its current name with the granting of independence in 1975.
National Parliamentary Debate Association The National Parliamentary Debate Association (NPDA) is one of the two national intercollegiate parliamentary debate organizations in the United States. The other is the American Parliamentary Debating Association (APDA).
National Parliamentary Tournament of Excellence The National Parliamentary Tournament of Excellence operates an invitation-only national tournament once per year for parliamentary debate. It is very young, having existed only since 2001, but has grown quickly.
National Parole Board The National Parole Board is a Canadian government agency and independent administrative tribunal that has exclusive authority under the Corrections and Conditional Release Act to grant, deny, cancel, terminate or revoke day parole and full parole. The NPB is a part of the Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada.
National Parole Board of Canada The National Parole Board of Canada is a Canadian government agency which operates under the auspices of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada. It is an independent administrative tribunal that has the authority to grant or revoke parole or pardons.
National Party (Belize) The National Party of Belize (NP) was a political party established mainly to fight the anticolonialist movement propagated by the People's United Party (PUP). It had only minimal success and was eventually disregistered.
National Party (Bohemia) The National Party are a small right-wing party in the Czech Republic. Standing on an anti-immigration, anti-Romany and anti-drugs stance, they have a radio station and other media outlets, where it is reported they play music by neo-Nazi bands.
National Party (Chile) (1857-1933) The National Party (Partido Nacional) of Chile, also known as the Partido monttvarista (Montt-varista Party) was a Chilean political party formed in 1857 by the supporters of President Manuel Montt and Interior Minister Antonio Varas. The National Party had a liberal ideology and was primarily supported by businessmen and bankers, particularly the influential Edwards family.
National Party (Chile) (1966-1973) The National Party (Partido Nacional) of Chile was a Chilean political party formed by the the union of the United Conservative Party and the United Liberal Party. It represented the right-wing of the Chilean political spectrum, against the centrist Christian Democratic Party of Chile and the leftist coalition People's Unity.

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