Encyclopedia

Opera Nazionale Balilla Opera Nazionale Balilla (ONB) was an Italian Fascist youth organization functioning, as an addition to school education, between 1926 and 1937 (the year it was absorbed into the GioventĂą Italiana del Littorio, GIL, a youth section of the National Fascist Party).
Opera North Opera North is a British opera company. It is based at the Grand Theatre in Leeds, England, but it also presents regular seasons in several other cities, notably Nottingham (at the Theatre Royal), Salford (at the Lowry) and Newcastle (at the Theatre Royal).
Opera orientalis Opera Orientalis, otherwise referred to as Operation Opera, was a military operation carried out during the Serbian military aggression on Croatia that freshly declared independence, dissolving the partnership named Yugoslavia.
Opera Pacific Opera Pacific is an opera company located in the Orange County, California city of Santa Ana, and is considered one of the finest professional opera companies in the United States. In its twenty-one seasons, more than 670,000 people have enjoyed Opera Pacific's wide range of productions.
Opera seria Opera seria (sometimes called melodramma serio) is an Italian musical term which refers to the noble and "serious" style of Italian opera that predominated in Europe from the 1720s to ca 1770. The popular rival to opera seria was opera buffa, the 'comic' opera that took its cue from the improvisatory commedia dell'arte.
Opera San Jose Opera San Jose is the professional opera company in San Jose, California, USA, founded in 1984 by Irene Dalis. In 1988, it formed a resident company of principal artists, for which it has purchased fourteen apartment units to provide rent-free accommodation.
Opera Studio Nederland Opera Studio Nederland (previously Internationaal Opera Centrum Nederland) was founded in 1990; it provides help for a small group of extremely talented young opera singers as they take their first steps in the profession. The Studio’s programme bridges the gap between initial conservatory training and the professional opera stage; its primary aim is to develop as personal an artistry as possible.
Operabarga Festival The Operabarga Festival is an annual opera festival held in July in the town of Barga, Italy. It was founded in 1967 with performances given in the beautiful late 18th Century theatre, Teatro dei Differenti which seats 289.
Operability Operability is the ability to keep a system in a functioning and operating condition. In a computing systems environment with multiple systems this includes the ability of products, systems and business processes to work together to accomplish a common task such as finding and returning availability of inventory for flight.
OperaciĂłn Puerto doping case The OperaciĂłn Puerto doping case (derived from OperaciĂłn Puerto, meaning Operation Mountain Pass)Inside the Blood Doping Investigation, Spiegel, July 10, 2006 is a Spanish doping case against doctor Eufemiano Fuentes and a number of accomplices, started in May 2006. He is accused of administering prohibited doping products to professional athletes, to enhance their performance.
OperaciĂłn Triunfo OperaciĂłn Triunfo is a reality-show talent contest which first aired on Spain's TVE network in 2001. A kind of cross between Pop Idol and Big Brother, the show aimed to find the country's next solo singing sensation, putting a selection of hopefuls through their paces by getting them to sing a variety of cover versions of popular songs (mainly in Spanish and English, but also in Italian), with tutoring from various professionals, and a headmaster like a school (first 3 series, Nina, 4 and 5 Kike Santander).
OperaciĂłn Triunfo 2006: Adelante OperaciĂłn Triunfo 2006: Adelante, is the first album from the 5th Operacion Triunfo Generation in the Telecinco Spanish TV Show. The album was produced for the academy's director Kike Santander and collaborated with Bono, La Guardia, Rosa LĂłpez, David Bisbal, Diego Torres, PasiĂłn Vega and Sergio Rivero.
Operad theory Operad theory is a field of abstract algebra concerned with prototypical algebras that model properties such as commutativity or anticommutativity as well as various amounts of associativity. Operads generalize the various associativity properties already observed in algebras and coalgebras such as Lie algebras or Poisson algebras by modeling computational trees within the algebra.
Operahögskolan i Stockholm Operahögskolan i Stockholm (or University College of Opera, Stockholm) is a Swedish institution offering higher education in the field of opera music and related arts. Operahögskolan is tasked with educating singers, répétiteurs and opera directors and has approximately 40 students, including 36 singers enrolled.
Operant conditioning Operant conditioning is the use of consequences to modify the occurrence and form of behavior. Operant conditioning is distinguished from Pavlovian conditioning in that operant conditioning deals with the modification of voluntary behavior through the use of consequences, while Pavlovian conditioning deals with the conditioning of behavior so that it occurs under new antecedent conditionsThe Principles of Learning and Behavior, Fifth Edition, Ed.
Operant hoarding Operant Hording is a term referring to the choice made by a rat, on a compound schedule called a multiple schedule, that maximizes its rate of reinforcement in an operant conditioning context. More specifically, rats were shown to have allowed food pellets to accumulate in a food tray by continuing to press a lever on a continuous reinforcement schedule instead of retrieving those pellets.
Operatica Operatica is an electronica/progressive rock group, started in 2000, consisting mainly of Lord Vanger (none of the other members are permanent). Often labelled commercially as a crossover classical group, Operatica actually refers more to the name of the project, instead of the name of a band, which combines various forms of strong female vocals over electronic beats.
Operating agreement An operating agreement is an agreement among limited liability company ("LLC") members about the business of the LLC and the rights and duties of the members. Operating agreements are not required by any state's LLC Act, but they are strongly encouraged.
Operating budget An operating budget is the annual budget of an activity stated in terms of Budget Classification Code, functional/subfunctional categories and cost accounts. It contains estimates of the total value of resources required for the performance of the operation including reimbursable work or services for others.
Operating cash flow Operating cash flow (or OCF), as identified by FASB, refers to how much cash a company generates out of the revenues it brings in excluding costs associated with long-term investment on capital items or investment in securities.
Operating certificate Operating certificate is a category of license issued by a government agency allowing an individual or company to provide a controlled type of service. These certificates are generally issued for a limited time period.
Operating cycle An operating cycle is an enginering term used to describe the time frame from the point raw materials are purchased until the proceeds from sales are realized. It is calculated by: Total operating cycle = Cash operating cycle + Payable cycle.
Operating department practitioner Operating Department Practitioners (ODPs) are healthcare professionals working in the UK. They are mainly employed in surgical operating departments but can be found in other areas of clinical practice including A&E and intensive care units.
Operating environment In computing, an operating environment is the environment in which users run programs, whether in a command line interface, such as in MS-DOS or the Unix shell, or in a graphical user interface, such as in the Macintosh operating system.
Operating expense In throughput accounting, the cost accounting aspect of Theory of Constraints (TOC), operating expense is the money spent turning inventory into throughput. In TOC, operating expense is limited to costs that vary strictly with the quantity produced, like raw materials and purchased components.
Operating Level Agreement OLA (operating level agreement) defines the interdependent relationships among the internal support groups working to support a Service Level Agreement. The agreement describes the responsibilities of each internal support group toward other support groups, including the process and timeframe for delivery of their services.
Operating ratio The Operating ratio is a financial term defined as a company's operating expenses as a percentage of revenue. This financial ratio is most commonly used for industries such as railroads which require a large percentage of revenues to maintain operations.
Operating subsidiary An operating subsidiary is a business term frequently used within the United States railroad industry. In the case of a railroad, it refers to a company that is a subsidiary but operates with its own identity and rolling stock.
Operating surplus Operating surplus is an accounting concept used in national accounts statistics (such as United Nations System of National Accounts (UNSNA) and in corporate and government accounts. It is also used in macro-economics as a proxy for total pre-tax profit income.
Operating system An operating system (OS) is a computer program that manages the hardware and software resources of a computer. At the foundation of all system software, the OS performs basic tasks such as controlling and allocating memory, prioritizing system requests, controlling input and output devices, facilitating networking, and managing files.
Operating system advocacy Operating system advocacy is the practice of attempting to increase the awareness and improve the perception of a computer operating system. The motivation behind this may be to increase the number of users of a system, to assert the superiority of one choice over another or out of brand loyalty, pride in an operating system's abilities, or to persuade software vendors to port specific applications or device drivers to the platform.
Operating system development Operating system development refers to the development of operating systems, usually as a hobby realized by people not constituting a company. Although many of these operating systems are developed by computing professionals, some of these projects become widely used, even commercially, such as Linux.
Operating system-level virtualization Operating System Virtualization is a server virtualization technology which virtualizes servers on an operating system (kernel) layer. It can be thought of as partitioning a single physical server into multiple small computational partitions.
Operating System Embedded The Operating System Embedded (mostly known under the acronym OSE) is a real-time embedded operating system created by the Swedish firm ENEA. Bengt Eliasson, who at the time was a consultant from Ericsson, wrote the basic parts of the kernel.
Operation (game) Operation is a battery-operated game of physical skill that tests players' hand-eye co-ordination. Made by Milton Bradley, it has been in production since 1965, the year in which the game was invented by John Spinello.
Operation 34A Operation 34A was a highly classified United States program to covertly fire at the shores of North Vietnam in order to antagonize an attack on the patrol boats. Though it originally failed, in the early mornings of August 2, 1964 the USS Maddox was attacked by North Vietnamese patrol boats in the Gulf of Tonkin.
Operation 40 Operation 40 was a CIA-sponsored undercover operation in the early 1960s, which was active in the Caribbean (including Cuba), Central America, and Mexico. Created by US President Eisenhower in March 1960 after the 1959 Cuban Revolution and presided by vice-president Richard M.
Operation Accolade During World War II, Operation Accolade was a planned British amphibious assault on Rhodes and the Dodecanese Islands in the Aegean Sea. Advocated by Winston Churchill as a follow-up to the capture of Sicily in 1943.
Operation Accountability On July 25, 1993, Israeli forces launched a week-long attack against Lebanon named Operation Accountability in Israel and the Seven-Day War in Lebanon. Israel claimed three purposes to the operation, to strike directly at Hezbollah, to make it difficult for Hezbollah to use southern Lebanon as a base for striking Israel, and to displace refugees in the hopes of pressuring the Lebanese government to intervene against Hezbollah.
Operation Active Endeavour Operation Active Endeavour is a naval operation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation. It operates in the Mediterranean Sea and is designed to prevent the movement of terrorists or weapons of mass destruction as well as to enhance the security of shipping in general.
Operation ACCIUS Operation Accius is the Canadian military's contribution to the civilian-led United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA). On November 28, 2002, the Minister of National Defence John McCallum announced that a senior Canadian Forces officer by the name of Lieutenant Colonel David Ross would be deployed to Afghanistan (until June 2004) to serve as the military advisor to UNAMA.
Operation Agatha Operation Agatha was a large scale military operation conducted by the British authorities in Palestine starting on Saturday, June 29, 1946. One objective was to dissuade the Haganah, and particularly its operational arm the Palmach, from undertaking further attacks against British troops and officials.
Operation Agreement During World War II, Operation Agreement consisted of ground and amphibious attacks by British, Rhodesian and New Zealand forces and SIG on German and Italian-held Tobruk (Operation Daffodil), Benghazi (Operation Snowdrop), Jalo oasis (Operation Tulip) and Barce (Operation Hyacinth) launched on 13 September, 1942. The assault on Tobruk failed badly; the British lost three ships and several hundred soldiers and Marines.
Operation Aida During World War II, Operation Aida was a ground attack launched by Rommel in June, 1942 which pushed British forces east as far as El Alamein, 60 miles west of Alexandria. The Germans captured over six thousand British prisoners.
Operation Allied Harbor Operation Allied Harbor was NATO's first humanitarian operation. Normally, such operations are almost exclusively the domain of civilian organisations, both international and non-governmental, but, in the case of the Kosovo crisis, by the end of March 1999 these agencies were unable to cope with the massive influx of refugees into Albania.
Operation Alpenveilchen During World War II, Operation Alpenveilchen was a proposed German operation designed to help the Italians in 1941 break out of their Albanian colony into Greece. Never executed; the Italians invaded Greece without German help and were quickly driven to retreat.
Operation Alpha Operation Alpha was the US inspired plan, in late 1944, to protect the capital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, against a further Japanese offensive. At this time, the Japanese were successfully executing their own operation, Ichigo, to secure overland routes to Vietnam.
Operation Alphabet Operation Alphabet was the evacuation, authorized on May 24, 1940, of British troops from the harbour of Narvik in northernmost Norway marking the success of Nazi Germany's Operation WeserĂĽbung of April 6 and the end of the British campaign in Norway during World War II. The evacuation was completed by June 8.
Operation Alsos Operation Alsos was an effort at the end of World War II by the Allies (principally Britain and the United States), branched off from the Manhattan Project, to investigate the German nuclear energy project, seize German nuclear resources, materials and personnel to further American research and to prevent their capture by the Soviets, and to discern how far the Germans had gone towards creating an atomic bomb. The personnel of the project followed close behind the front lines, first into Italy, and then into France and Germany, searching for personnel, records, material, and sites involved.
Operation Amethyst Operation Amethyst was an Irish Gardai operation targeting child pornography. Involving simultaneous searches on May 25 2002 of over a hundred individuals suspected of downloading child pornography, it was one of the largest police operations in Ireland's history.
Operation Anadyr Operation Anadyr () was the code name used by the Soviet Union for their Cold War (1962) strictly secret operation of deploying ballistic missiles, medium-range bombers, and a regiment of mechanized infantry in Cuba to create the army group, that would be able to prevent the invasion of the US military forces.Great Russian Encyclopedia (2005), Moscow: Bol'shaya Rossiyskaya Enciklopediya Publisher, vol.
Operation Anthropoid During World War II, the Czechoslovak-British Operation Anthropoid was the code name for the assassination of the top Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich. He was the chief of the Reich Main Security Office, the acting "Protector of Bohemia and Moravia" and the chief planner of the Final Solution, the Nazi term for the genocide of the Jews and many other groups.
Operation Antler (Porton Down investigation) In July 1999 the UK Wiltshire Constabulary opened an investigation into allegations of malfeasance at Porton Down Chemical and Biological Research Establishment. As a consequence of these preliminary investigations the scope of the inquiry was broadened into a major inquiry named Operation Antler.
Operation Aphrodite Operation Aphrodite was the code name of a secret program initiated by the United States Army Air Forces during the latter part of World War II. The United States Eighth Air Force used 'Aphrodite' both as an experimental method of destroying V weapon production and launch facilities and as a way to dispose of B-17 and B-24 bombers (although only two B-24 were modified for the operation) that had outlived their operational usefulness.
Operation APOLLO Operation APOLLO (Op APOLLO) was the codename for an operation conducted by Canadian Forces in support of the United States in its military operations in Afghanistan. The operation took place from October 2001 to October 2003.
Operation Arc Light Operation Arc Light was the 1965 deployment of B-52 Stratofortress heavy bombers to Guam. By extension, Arc light, and sometimes Arclight, became a popular term for B-52 Stratofortress bomber missions flown during the Vietnam War in support of ground operations.
Operation Arctic Fox Operation Arctic Fox (from the German Operation Polarfuchs) was the codename given to a campaign by German and Finnish forces during the Second World War, against Soviet defences at Salla, in Finland, in July 1941.
Operation Argus Operation Argus was a series of nuclear weapons tests and missile tests secretly conducted during August and September of 1958, in the South Atlantic (see: South Atlantic Anomaly), by the Defense Nuclear Agency, in conjunction with the Explorer IV mission. Contractors from Lockheed Aircraft Corporation as well as a few personnel and contractors from the U.
Operation Archway During World War II, Operation Archway was a large armed reconnaissance effort launched on 25 March, 1945 by about 450 British Special Air Service troopers in support of the Operation Plunder crossing of the Rhine near Wesel.
Operation Arsenal The Operation Arsenal, code name: "Meksyk II" (Polish: Akcja pod Arsenałem) was the first major and legendary operation by the Szare Szeregi (Gray Ranks) Polish Underground formation during the Nazi occupation of Poland. It took place on March 26, 1943 in Warsaw.
Operation Asbury Park Between deployment on June 2, 2004, and June 17, 2004, the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit (or MEU) engaged Taliban and other anti-coalition forces in the Dey Chopan region of Afghanistan. This operation was referred to as Operation Asbury Park, and was characterized by atypical fighting on the side of the tactics of the Taliban and other guerillas encountered.
Operation Ashwamedh Operation Ashwamedh was an operation conducted between April 24 and April 25 1994 when NSG Commandos stormed a hijacked Indian Airlines Boeing 737 with 141 passengers onboard at Amritsar airport. The hijacker, Mohammed Yousuf Shah, was killed before he could react and no hostages were harmed.
Operation Assaf Operation Assaf was an Israel Defense Forces (IDF) operation against the Egyptian Army between December 5-December 7 1948, during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. The successful operation's aim was to take control of the western Negev Desert.
Operation Astute Operation Astute is a United Nations-authorised, Australian-led military deployment to East Timor to quell unrest and return stability in the 2006 East Timor crisis. The operation is currently headed by Brigadier Mal Rerden, and commenced on 25 May 2006 under the command of Brigadier Michael Slater.
Operation Atilla Atilla was the code name given to the Turkish military operation in Cyprus which began on 20 July 1974, in response to a Greek-inspired coup d'Ă©tat backed by the military junta in Athens which sought to unite the island with Greece.
Operation Atlantis Operation Atlantis was a project, headed by Werner Stiefel, developed with the intent of establishing a libertarian country on international waters. The operation set out to do this by launching a ferro-cement boat in December of 1971 which was piloted into an area near the Bahamas.
Operation Attila (WW II) During World War II, Operation Attila was a plan for the Nazi occupation of Vichy France. This plan was drawn up in 1940 in case of the possibility of the French rejoining the Allies or in case of an Allied threat to the south of France.
Operation Auca Operation Auca was an attempt by five Evangelical Christian missionaries from the United States to make contact with the Huaorani people of the rainforest of Ecuador. The Huaorani, also known as the Aucas (the Quechua word for "savage"), were an isolated tribe known for their violence, against both their own people and outsiders who entered their territory.
Operation Autumn Clouds Operation Autumn Clouds (, Mivtza Ananei Stav) is an Israeli military operation that began on 1 November 2006 when the Israeli Defense Forces entered the Gaza Strip triggering sporadic fighting near Beit Hanoun. The operation is the largest military endeavor undertaken by the Israeli military since Operation Summer Rains.
Operation Auxin Operation Auxin was an Australian police operation in September 2004, leading to the arrest of almost 200 people on charges of child pornography. These people had all purchased child pornography over the Internet, using their credit cards, from Belarusan crime syndicates, the credit card payments having been processed by a company in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
Operation Azul Operation Azul (blue) was the Argentine codename for the military landings on the Falkland Islands on 1 April 1982, that started the Falklands War. The operation was originally called Operation Rosario (Rosary) during the planning stages, but its name was changed to Azul (blue) after the colour of the Virgin Mary's robe.
Operation Babylift Operation Babylift was the name given to the mass evacuation of orphans from South Vietnam to the United States and other countries (including, for example, Australia, Canada) at the end of the Vietnam War (see also the Fall of Saigon), during April 1975. By the final American flight out of South Vietnam, over 2,000 infants and children had been evacuated.
Operation Bacillus Terminate "Operation: Bacillus Terminate" was a fictional United States Air Force military operation carried out in October of 1998 to halt the spread of the T-Virus, in the Sony PlayStation video game, Resident Evil 3: Nemesis.
Operation Backfire (FBI) Operation Backfire is an ongoing multi-agency criminal investigation, led by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), into "violent acts in the name of animal rights and environmental causes" in the United States. Background ==
Operation Backfire (WWII) Operation Backfire was a military scientific operation during and after World War II, which was performed mainly by British staff. It was part of the Allies' scramble to acquire as much German technology as they could.
Operation Balak During the chaotic period of the founding of the State of Israel in 1948, Operation Balak was the smuggling of arms purchased in Europe, awoiding various embargoes and boycotts, to the Zionists. Of particular note was the delivery of 23 Czechoslovakia-made Avia S-199 fighters, the post-war version of Messerschmitt Bf 109 produced for the Nazi Luftwaffe.
Operation Banner Operation Banner is the operational name for the British Armed Forces' support to the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) in counter-terrorism and public order operations to assist the British Government in its objective of restoring normality in Northern Ireland SECURITY NORMALISATION IN NORTHERN IRELAND - STATEMENT BY DEFENCE SECRETARY JOHN REID Government News Network, 01 August 2005. This support has been primarily from the army with the RAF providing helicopter support as required.
Operation Barbarossa Operation Barbarossa () was the codename for Nazi Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II that commenced on June 22, 1941. The operation was named after the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa of the Holy Roman Empire, a leader of crusades in the 12th century: according to Nazi ideology the conquest of 'inferior races' was similarly righteous.
Operation Bayonet Lightning Operation Bayonet Lightning was a military operation in Iraq designed to capture weapons, materials, and people that posed a threat against Coalition Forces. The joint operation, lasting about 16 hours, was conducted on December 2, 2003 by 1200 troops from the 173rd Airborne Brigade and Iraqi security forces.
Operation Bayshield Operation Bayshield is an irreverant machinima film made using the Quake game engine. It was recorded by a Quake deathmatch clan known as Clan Undead during a New Year's Eve party, and released in January 1997.
Operation BĂĽffel During World War II the name BĂĽffel Bewegung (Buffalo Movement in German) was given to a series of local retreats conducted by the German Army on the Russian Front during the period 1-22 March 1943. This movement eliminated the Rzhev Salient and shortened the front by 230 kilometers, saving twenty-one divisions for use elsewhere.
Operation Bøllebank During the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Operation Bøllebank was the largest combat operation by Danish forces since 1864. In May, 1994 a Danish contingent on peacekeeping duty in Bosnia as part of UNPROFOR was ambushed by the Bosnian Serb Sekovici brigade at the village of Saraci.
Operation Begonia During World War II, Operation Begonia was the airborne counterpart to the amphibious Operation Jonquil, conducted by British SAS and Eighth Army Airborne between Ancona and Pescara, Italy, from 2 to 6 October, 1943. Total operational force comprised 61 men.
Operation Berkshire Millions of pages of declassified tobacco industry internal documents reveal a decades-long international campaign of disinformation. In 2000, a jury awarded $145 billion in punitive damages in a class action lawsuit against U.
Operation Berlin Operation Berlin was the commerce raid performed by German warships KM Scharnhorst and KM Gneisenau between January and March, 1941. The commander-in-chief of the operation was Admiral Gunther Lutjens, who subsequently commanded the famous cruise of KM Bismarck and KM Prinz Eugen.
Operation Bernhard Operation Bernhard was the name of a secret German plan devised during the Second World War to destabilise the British economy by flooding the country with forged Bank of England ÂŁ5, ÂŁ10, ÂŁ20, and ÂŁ50 notes.
Operation Big Switch Operation Big Switch was the repatriation of all remaining prisoners of the Korean War. Cease-fire talks had been going on between Communist and UN forces since 1951, with one of the main stumbling blocks being the Communist insistence that all prisoners be returned home, with the UN insisting that prisoners who wished to remain where they were be allowed to do so.
Operation Black Buck During the Falklands War, Operations Black Buck 1 to Black Buck 6 were a series of six extremely long-range bombing attacks by Royal Air Force Vulcan bombers against Argentine positions in the Falkland Islands.
Operation Black Sea Harmony Black Sea Harmony is a naval operation initiated by Turkey in March 2004 in accordance with UN Security Council Resolutions 1373, 1540 and 1566 aimed at deterring terrorism and asymmetric threats worldwide. It is similar to the NATO-led Operation Active Endeavour in the Mediterranean, and also aims at ensuring the security of the Turkish Straits, namely the Bosporus and the Dardanelles.
Operation Black Tulip Operation Black Tulip was a plan in 1945 by Dutch minister of Justice Kolfschoten to evict all Germans from the Netherlands. The operation lasted from 1946 to 1948 and in the end 3691 Germans (15% of Germans resident in the Netherlands) were deported.
Operation Blackbeard In the fictional universe of Harry Turtledove's American Empire novels, Operation Blackbeard was a surprise attack ordered by Jake Featherston on June 21, 1941. It is analogous to Hitler's Operation Barbarossa.
Operation Blackcock Operation Blackcock was the code name for the clearing of the Roer Triangle formed by the towns of Roermond, Sittard and Heinsberg. It was conducted by the 2nd British Army in January 1945 between 14 and 26 January 1945.
Operation Blackstone Operation Blackstone was a part of Operation Torch, Allied landings in Africa during World War II. This supporting mission was the American capture of the French port of Safi in French Morocco on the morning of 8 November 1942 as part of a larger operation to capture Casablanca in Morocco.
Operation Blessing International Operation Blessing International Relief and Development Corporation (OBI) is a non-profit 501 (c) (3) humanitarian organization based in Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA. Since 1978, Operation Blessing International has provided hunger relief, disaster relief, medical aid and community development to more than 192.
Operation Blowdown Operation Blowdown was a military operation of July 18, 1963. Conducted in northern Queensland, Australia by a joint Australian-US-UK team it tested the effects of a nuclear blast on rain forest, although not with a nuclear bomb.
Operation Blue Hearts During the Korean War, Operation Bluehearts was the American amphibious landing conducted at Pohang on 18 July, 1950 by the |First Cavalry Division. The town was still in friendly hands, but was in the path of the rapid North Korean advance.
Operation Bluecoat Operation Bluecoat was an attack by British Second Army at the Battle of Normandy during World War II, from 30 July, 1944 to 7 August 1944. The geographical objectives of the attack were to secure the key road junction of Vire and the high ground of Mont Pinçon.
Operation Bodenplatte Operation Bodenplatte (German:Ground Plate), launched on 1 January 1945, was a Luftwaffe attempt to cripple Allied air forces in the Low Countries of Europe. It was a last ditch effort to keep up the Wehrmacht's momentum during the stagnant stage of the Battle of the Bulge.
Operation Bodyguard During World War II, Operation Bodyguard was the overall Allied strategic deception plan in Europe for 1944, carried out as part of the build-up to the invasion of Normandy. The major objective of this plan was to lead the Germans to believe that the invasion of northwestern Europe would come later than was actually planned, and to threaten attacks at other locations than the true objective, including the Pas de Calais, the Balkans, southern France, Norway, and Soviet attacks in Bulgaria and northern Norway.
Operation Bolero Operation Bolero was the commonly used reference for the code name of the United States military troop buildup in Great Britain during World War II in preparation for the initial cross-channel invasion plan known as Operation Roundup. ("Bolero" was the actual code name used in official communications to standing in place of "United Kingdom" when describing the theater or movements.

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