Encyclopedia

Phonebooth stuffing Phonebooth stuffing was a cultural phenomenon that began during the 1950s. It involved a number of people consecutively entering a phonebooth, until the point where the phonebooth would accommodate no more, or there were no more individuals available.
Phonecast A phonecast is similar to a radio or broadcast television program but designed for internet transmission to a mobile phone. Mobile phone software allows a user to connect to a media server within the wireless carrier network, which is distributing (phonecasting) the phonecast, and displays the audio or video content to the user's mobile device.
Phonecasting Phonecasting is a portmanteau of telephone and podcasting, and means creating podcasts by dialing into a service with a phone, leaving a message and having the service automatically create a podcast out of the audio file. It's not known where the term originated.
PhoneGaim PhoneGaim is a free software VoIP system based on the Gaim instant messaging software and the SIP protocol, using (only) the SIPphone service. It is available under the GNU General Public License and sponsored by Linspire.
Phonemic awareness Phonemic Awareness is a subset of phonological awareness in which listeners are able to distinguish phonemes, the smallest units of sound. For example, a listener with phonemic awareness can break the word "Cat" into three separate phonemes: /k/, /a/, and /t/.
Phonemic orthography A phonemic orthography is a writing system where there is a one-to-one relationship between graphemes in the written form and phonemes in the spoken form of a language. These are sometimes termed true alphabets, but they needn't be alphabetic, a syllabary could do just as well.
PhoneNet PhoneNet is an implementation of the AppleTalk networking physical layer created by Farallon Computing (now Netopia). Instead of using expensive shielded twisted pair wiring as in Apple's LocalTalk implementation, PhoneNet uses standard four-conductor telephone patch cords and modular connectors, and is generally used in a daisy chain topology.
Phonetic algorithm A phonetic algorithm is an algorithm for indexing of words by their pronunciation. Most phonetic algorithms were developed for use with the English language; consequently, applying the rules to words in other languages might not give a meaningful result.
Phonetic form In the field of linguistics, specifically in syntax, phonetic form (abbreviated 'PF'), refers to a certain level of mental representation of a linguistic expression, derived from surface structure, and sister to logical form.
Phonetic representation Phonetic representation, or more commonly phonetic transcription is the representation of speech sounds using symbols in phonetic alphabet such as IPA, X-SAMPA, Kirschenbaum for linguistic studies (especially phonetics, phonology and speech processing) and for learning the pronunciation of languages. Among these systems, the International Phonetic Alphabet has been the most widely used so far, whose symbols are printed in most dictionaries and books on linguistics.
Phonetic transcription Phonetic transcription (or phonetic notation) is the visual system of symbolization of the sounds occurring in spoken human language. The most common type of phonetic transcription uses a phonetic alphabet (such as the International Phonetic Alphabet).
Phonetical astrology Phonetical knowledge is a unique knowledge evolved by ancient Hindu sages or seers in Vedic era. It is derived from the basic knowledge of “Swar”, which etymologically means “sound of one’s own breath”.
Phonetics Phonetics (from the Greek word φωνή, phone meaning 'sound, voice') is the study of sounds and the human voice. It is concerned with the actual properties of speech sounds (phones) as well as those of non-speech sounds, and their production, audition and perception, as opposed to phonology, which is the study of sound systems and abstract sound units (such as phonemes and distinctive features).
PhoneValet Message Center PhoneValet Message Center (or, simply, PhoneValet) is a Mac-based multi-line computer-telephony package from Parliant Corporation. The subject of favourable reviews in notable Macintosh magazines, including Macworld, MacAddict and MacHome, PhoneValet provides key computer-telephony functionality including voicemail, call recording, and the maintenance of a call history.
Phoney War The Phony War , or in Winston Churchill's words the "Twilight War", was a phase in early World War II marked by few military operations in Continental Europe, in the months following the German invasion of Poland and preceding the Fall of France. Although the great powers of Europe had declared war on one another, neither side had yet committed to launching a significant attack, thus there was relatively little fighting on the ground.
Phong lighting Phong lighting, derived from the Phong reflection model is a model for specular highlighting where the intensity of the white of a specular highlight is proportional to the cosine of the angle between the view vector and the reflection of the light vector, raised to an arbitrary power. This power is a parameter that can be adjusted to give the desired results in terms of size of specular highlight.
Phong Nha-Ke Bang Phong Nha - Ke Bang is a national park in the central Quang Binh province of Vietnam, about 500 km south of Ha Noi and 260 north of Da Nang. The park was recognised in 2003 as the World Natural Heritage site in Vietnam by UNESCO.
Phong shading Phong shading is an interpolation method in 3D computer graphics, using interpolation of surface normals in rasterizing polygons, to get better resolution of specular reflections such as those generated by the Phong reflection model.
Phong-Kniang language Phong-Kniang or Pong-Kniang is an Austro-Asiatic language of the Mon-Khmer family, spoken in Laos. Its nearest relatives are the fellow Xinh Mul tongues, the Khang language and Puoc language, both spoken in Vietnam.
Phoning home Phoning home is usually surreptitious communication between applications or hardware installed at end-user sites and their manufacturers or developers. This could be for purposes of access control, such as transmitting an authorization key.
Phono input The phono input are a set of input jacks, usually behind a stereo receiver to which a phonograph or turntable is attached. The signal is produced at a very low level by a magnetic phono catridge which must be amplified and equalized.
Phonocardiogram Heart produces acoustical vibrations as a result of the mechanical action of pumping blood to lungs and other parts of the body. The electronic record of these vibrations named phonocardiogram (PCG) signals consists of the the heart sounds and the murmurs.
Phonocentrism Phonocentrism is the idea that sounds and speech is inherently superior (or "more natural") than written language. To adherents of this philosophy, spoken language is inherently richer and more intuitive than written language.
Phonofilm In 1919, Lee De Forest, inventor of the audion tube, filed his first patent on a sound-on-film process, DeForest Phonofilm, which recorded sound directly onto film as parallel lines. These parallel lines photographically recorded electrical waveforms from a microphone, which were translated back into sound waves when the movie was projected.
Phonographic Performance (Ireland) Limited Phonographic Performance (Ireland) Limited controls the public performance, broadcasting, and other rights in hundreds of thousands of different recordings on thousands of different labels in the Republic of Ireland.
Phonographic Performance Limited The Phonographic Performance Limited (PPL) is a music industry organisation that collects and distributes airplay and public performance royalties in the United Kingdom on behalf of over 3,000 record companies and 30,000 performers. The PPL was formed in 1934 to represent the interests of the recording industry, and from 1996 the interests of recording artists.
Phonolite Phonolite, sometimes known as Clinkstone is an igneous, volcanic (extrusive) rock, of intermediate (between felsic and mafic) composition, with aphanitic to porphyritic texture. Mineral assemblage is usually abundant feldspathoids and alkali feldspar, and lesser plagioclase, as illustrated by the position of the field for phonolite in the QAPF diagram.
Phonological history of English high back vowels Most dialects of modern English have two high back vowels: the close back rounded vowel found in words like goose, and the near-close near-back rounded vowel found in words like foot. This article discusses the history of these vowels in various dialects of English, focusing in particular on phonemic splits and mergers involving these sounds.
Phonological loop The phonological loop, also called the phonetic loop or the articulatory loop, is the part of Baddeley's Model of Working Memory that rehearses verbal information. The first component is a phonological memory store which can hold traces of acoustic or speech based material.
Phonological word The phonological word or pword (symolised as ω) is a constituent in the Universal Prosodic Hierarchy higher than the syllable and the foot but lower than Intonational Phrase and the Phonological Phrase. It is largely held (Hall, 1999) to be a prosodic domain in which phonological features within the same lexeme may spread from one morph to another or from one clitic to a clitic host or from one clitic host to a clitic.
Phonology Phonology (Greek phonē = voice/sound and logos = word/speech), is a subfield of linguistics which studies the sound system of a specific language (or languages). Whereas phonetics is about the physical production and perception of the sounds of speech, phonology describes the way sounds function within a given language or across languages.
Phonon In physics, a phonon is a quantized mode of vibration occurring in a rigid crystal lattice, such as the atomic lattice of a solid. The study of phonons is an important part of solid state physics, because phonons play a major role in many of the physical properties of solids, including a material's thermal and electrical conductivities.
Phonotactics Phonotactics (in Greek phone = voice and tactic = course) is a branch of phonology that deals with restrictions in a language on the permissible combinations of phonemes. Phonotactics defines permissible syllable structure, consonant clusters, and vowel sequences by means of phonotactical constraints.
Phonovision Phonovision, an experimental process for recording a television signal on phonograph records, was developed in the late 1920's in England by British television pioneer John Logie Baird. The objective was not simply to record video, but to record it synchronously, as Baird intended playback from an inexpensive playback device, which he called a 'Phonovisor'.
Phool Aur Patthar Phool Aur Patthar was O.P Ralhan's 1966 Hindi film that made Dharmendra, it starred Meena Kumari along with Dharmendra in this career making film for Dharmendra who played a villanous character ( or Patthar) whose inner good being ( or Phool) is drawn out by Meena Kumari
Phoradendron Phoradendron is a genus of mistletoes, native to warm temperate and tropical regions of the Americas. Traditionally, the genus has been placed in its own family Viscaceae, but recent genetic research by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group shows this family to be correctly placed within a larger circumscription of the family Santalaceae.
Phorbas In Greek Mythology, Phorbas (Φόρβας) or Phorbaceus (Φόρβακεως), native to Thessaloniki, was the son of Lapithes and Orsinome, and a brother of Periphas. When the people of the island of Rhodes fell victim to a plague of masses of serpents (may have been dragons or simly snakes), an oracle directed them to call on a man named Phorbas.
Phorcys In Greek mythology, Phorcys, or Phorkys was one of the names of the "Old One of the Sea", the primeval sea god, who, according to Hesiod, was the son of Pontus and Gaia. According to the Orphic hymns Phorcys, Cronos and Rhea were the eldest offspring of Oceanus and Tethys (Kerenyi p 42).
Phorid fly A phorid fly is a small, hump-backed fly of the highly diverse family Phoridae, and resembling a fruit fly in appearance. Phorid flies can often be identified by their escape habit of running rapidly across a surface rather than taking to the wing.
Phorminx The phorminx (in Ancient Greek φόρμιγξ) was one of the oldest of the Ancient Greek stringed musical instruments, intermediate between the lyre and the kithara. It consisted of two to seven strings, richly decorated arms and a crescent-shaped sound box.
Phormio Phormio, the son of Asopius, was an Athenian general and admiral before and during the Peloponnesian War. A talented naval commander, Phormio commanded at several famous Athenian victories in 428 BC, and was honored after his death with a statue on the acropolis and a state funeral.
Phoroneus In Greek mythology, Phoroneus was a culture-hero of the Argolid, son of Inachus and Melia. "Inachus, son of Oceanus, begat Phoroneus by his sister Argia," wrote Hyginus, in Fabulae 143, a genealogy that expresses the position of Phoroneus as one of the primordial men, who differed in the various regions of GreeceSee Karl Kerenyi, The Gods of the Greeks 1951 (1980) p 222 for other primordial men: Prometheus and Epimetheus, and, in Boeotia, Alalkomeneus.
Phoronid Phoronids ('Phoronida'), commonly known as horseshoe worms, are a relatively small animal phylum: twenty species are known, in two genera, Phoronis and Phoronopsis. Phoronids are worm-shaped, but with a gut that loops and exits the body near the mouth, instead of running the length of the animal, as in annelids (and many vertebrates).
Phoronix Phoronix is a technology website that offers product reviews, Linux distribution screenshots, interviews, and news while maintaining a pure Linux orientation. Phoronix was started in June 2004 by Michael Larabel; he remains the current owner and editor-in-chief.
Phorward Phorward was a 1989 album by the Scottish band The Shamen, which was billed as a "mini album" because the original vinyl release had only 6 tracks. It was reissued with extra tracks in 1999 on the Essential label; the tracklisting and album length for that release is used here.
Phosgenite Phosgenite is a rare mineral consisting of lead chlorocarbonate, (PbCl)2CO3. The tetragonal, holosymmetric, crystals are prismatic or tabular in habit, and are bounded by smooth, bright faces: they are usually colorless and transparent, and have a brilliant adamantine lustre.
Phosichthys argenteus Phosichthys argenteus, a lightfish and the only member of the genus Phosichthys, is found in deep subtropical waters of all oceans, from depths of 500 to 2,000 metres. Its length is between 10 and 30 centimetres.
Phosphagen The phosphagens are energy storage compounds, also known as high energy phosphate compounds, are chiefly found in muscular tissue in animals. They allow a high energy phosphate pool to be maintained in a concentration range which, if it all were ATP, would create problems due to the ATP consuming reactions in these tissues.
Phosphagen (dietary supplement) Phosphagen is the brand name for pure creatine monohydrate powder of nutritional supplement company EAS (Experimental and Applied Sciences). Released in 1993, Phosphagen was the first commercially available creatine supplement designed specifically for strength and muscle enhancement.
Phosphate (coating) Phosphate coatings are used on steel parts for corrosion resistance, lubricity, or as a foundation for subsequent coatings or painting. It serves as a conversion coating in which a dilute solution of phosphoric acid, which is applied via spraying or immersion, chemically reacts with the surface of the part being coated to form a layer of insoluble, crystalline phosphates.
Phosphate binders Phosphate binders are a group of medications used to reduce the absorption of phosphate and taken with meals and snacks. They are typically used in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) as they cannot get rid of the phosphate that gets into their blood (i.
Phosphate minerals Phosphate minerals are those minerals that contain the tetrahedrally coordinated phosphate (PO43-) anion along with the freely substituting arsenate (AsO43-) and vanadate (VO43-). Chlorine (Cl-), fluorine (F-), and hydroxide (OH-) anions also fit into the crystal structure.
Phosphatic fossilization Phosphatic fossilization has occurred in unusual circumstances to preserve some extremely high-resolution microfossils in which careful preparation can even reveal preserved cellular structures. Such microscopic fossils are only visible under the scanning electron microscope.
Phosphatidate Phosphatidates are biochemical compounds that consist of a glycerol backbone, with a (usually) saturated fatty acid bonded to carbon-1, a (usually) unsaturated fatty acid bonded to carbon-2 and a phosphate group bonded to carbon-3.
Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) is a minor phospholipid component of cell membranes. PtdIns(4,5)P2 is enriched at the plasma membrane where it is an important substrate for a number of important signalling proteins.
Phosphatidylserine Phosphatidylserine is a phospholipid nutrient found in fish, green leafy vegetables, soybeans and rice, and is essential for the normal functioning of neuronal cell membranes. In apoptosis, phosphatidylserine is transferred to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane.
Phosphatodraco Phosphatodraco mauritanicus ('Mauritanian phosphate dragon' - Pereda-Suberbiola, Bardet, Jouve, Iarochène, Bouya & Amaghzaz, 2003) is the name assigned to a pterosaur from the Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) of the Oulad Abdoun Phosphatic Basin, Morocco. It has been classified in the Azhdarchidae.
Phosphazene A phosphazene is any of a class of chemical compounds in which a phosphorus atom is covalently linked to a nitrogen atom by a double bond and to three other atoms or radicals by single bonds. Two examples are hexachlorophosphazene and bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride.
Phosphene A phosphene is an entoptic phenomenon characterized by the sensation of seeing light. Phosphenes are caused by mechanical, electrical, or magnetic stimulation of the retina or visual cortex as well as random firing of cells in the visual system.
Phosphere The phosphere can be seen as the "sphere of light" being derived from the Greek "Phos" meaning "light" in the style of "atmosphere" and "biosphere". The phosphere is the fourth in a succession of phases of development of the Earth, after the geosphere (inanimate matter), the biosphere (biological life) and the noosphere (conscious thoughts).
Phosphine Phosphine is the common name for phosphorus hydride (PH3), also known by the IUPAC name phosphane and, occasionally, phosphamine. It is a colorless, flammable gas with a boiling point of −88 °C at standard pressure.
Phospho soda Phospho soda is a powder that is available over the counter either by itself or as part of a kit that also includes a laxative and an enema or suppository. The physician performing the colonoscopy will give instructions on which type of kit to purchase.
Phosphocreatine Phosphocreatine, also known as creatine phosphate or PCr, is a phosphorylated creatine molecule that is an important energy store in skeletal muscle. It is used to generate ATP from ADP, forming creatine for the 2 to 7 seconds following an intense effort.
Phosphodiester bond A phosphodiester bond is a group of strong covalent bonds between the phosphorus atom in a phosphate group and two other molecules over two ester bonds. Phosphodiester bonds are central to all life on Earth, as they make up the backbone of the strands of DNA.
Phosphodiester bridges Phosphodiester bridges are the extremely strong covalent bonds that form between one phosphate group and two nucleic acid sugars (deoxyribose and ribose) at the fifth carbon of one sugar and the third carbon of another. The DNA chain molecule consists of two strands and bridges between them - the phoshodiester bridges are what hold the two side chains together.
Phosphodiesterase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) is a group of enzymes that degrade the second messenger molecules: cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP. They regulate the localization, duration, and amplitude of cyclic nucleotide signaling within subcellular domains.
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor A phosphodiesterase inhibitor is a drug that blocks one or more of the five subtypes of the enzyme phosphodiesterase (PDE), therefore preventing the inactivation of the intracellular second messengers, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), by the respective PDE subtype(s). These multiple forms or subtypes of phosphodiesterase were initially isolated from rat brain by Uzunov and Weiss in 1972 and were soon afterward shown to be selectively inhibited by a variety of drugs in brain and other tissues (Weiss,1975; Fertel and Weiss, 1976).
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI 3-kinases or PI3Ks) are a family of related enzymes that are capable of phosphorylating the 3 position hydroxyl group of the inositol ring of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns)phosphoinositol-3-kinase family is composed of Class I], [[Class II PI 3-kinases|II and Class III, with Class I the only ones able to convert PI(4,5)P2 to PI(3,4,5)P3 on the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. Class I PI3K are heterodimeric molecules composed of a regulatory and a catalytic subunit; they are further divided between IA and IB subsets on sequence similarity.
Phosphole Phosphole is an organic compound with the chemical formula C4H5P; it is the phosphorus analog of pyrrole.The first phosphole was discovered in 1953, hexaphenylphosphole followed in 1959 and the parent compound, phosphole itself, was first synthesized in 1987 .
Phospholipase A Phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) (, ) are enzymes that specifically hydrolyze the sn-2 fatty acid acyl bond of phospholipids, producing a free fatty acid and a lyso-phospholipid. A large range of fatty acids can be bound to the sn2 position of phospholipids, including arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid.
Phospholipase C Phospholipase C is a key enzyme in phosphatidylinositol (PIP2) metabolism and lipid signaling pathways. It is activated by either Gαq protein or Gβγ subunits (making it part of a G protein-coupled receptor signal transduction pathway) or by transmembrane receptors with intrinsic or associated tyrosine kinase activity.
Phospholipase D There are two isoforms of Phospholipase D in the mammalian cell PLD1 and PLD2. PLD (), is located in the plasma membrane and catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine to form phosphatidic acid (PA), releasing the soluble choline headgroup into the cytosol.
Phospholipid Phospholipids are a class of lipids formed from four components: fatty acids, a negatively-charged phosphate group, nitrogen containing alcohol and a backbone. Phospholipids with a glycerol backbone are known as glycerophospholipids or phosphoglycerides.
Phosphonic acid In inorganic chemistry, phosphonic acid is a phosphorus oxoacid with a formula of H3PO3, more commonly known as phosphorous acid. It exists in solution as two tautomers, the major one being HP(O)(OH)2 and the minor one P(OH)3.
Phosphopantetheine 4'-Phosphopantetheine is an essential prosthetic group of acyl carrier protein (ACP) and peptidyl carrier proteins (PCP) and aryl carrier proteins (ArCP) derived from Coenzyme A. Phosphopantetheine fulfils two demands.
Phosphoprotein Phosphoproteins are a group of proteins which are chemically bonded to a substance containing phosphoric acid (see phosphorylation for more). The category of organic molecules that includes Fc receptors, Ulks, Calcineurins, K chips, and urocortins.
Phosphor (game) Phosphor is the first web-based online multiplayer first-person shooter (FPS) made by Rasterwerks and opened for beta on 15 March 2006. It is currently entirely free and is like a basic version of Unreal Tournament or Quake, though it is still only in development.
Phosphoric acid fuel cell Phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC) are a type of fuel cell that uses liquid phosphoric acid as an electrolyte. The electrodes are made of carbon paper coated with a finely-dispersed platinum catalyst, which make them expensive to manufacture.
Phosphoric ether Phosphoric ether, Ethyl Phosphate or TEP,C6H15O4P, is a substance used as fire retardant, strength agent of rubber and plastic among vinyl polymers and unsaturated polyesters, and the material of pesticides, aging and steady anent of resin.
Phosphorus cycle The phosphorus cycle is the biogeochemical cycle that describes the movement of phosphorus through the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Unlike many other biogeochemicals, the atmosphere does not play a significant role in the movements of phosphorus, because phosphorus and phosphorus-based compounds are usually solids at the typical ranges of temperature and pressure found on Earth.
Phosphorus halides There are three series of binary phosphorus halides, containing phosphorus in the oxidation states +5, +3 and +2. All twelve compounds have been described, in varying degrees of detail, although serious doubts have been cast on the existence of PI5.
Phosphorus pentabromide Phosphorus pentabromide is a reactive yellow solid of formula PBr5, which has the structure PBr4+ Br− in the solid state but in the vapor phase is completely disociated to PBr3 and Br2. Rapid cooling of this phase to 15 K leads to formation of an ionic species [PBr4]+[Br3]-.
Phosphorus sesquisulfide Phosphorus sesquisulfide, also called phosphorus trisulfide, tetraphosphorus trisulfide or phosphorus sulfide, is an inorganic compound of phosphorus and sulfur. Its chemical formula is 43 and its CAS number is .
Phosphorus trichloride Phosphorus trichloride (formula PCl3) is the most important of the three phosphorus chlorides. It is an important industrial chemical, being used for the manufacture of organophosphorus compounds for a wide variety of applications.
Phosphorylation Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate (PO4) group to a protein or a small molecule or "the introduction of a phosphate group into an organic molecule." Its prominent role in biochemistry is the subject of a very large body of research (as of January 2006, the Medline database returns over 120,000 articles on the subject, largely on protein phosphorylation).
Phosphotriesterase Phosphotriesterase (PTE) also known as Organophosphorous Hydrolase (OPH) is a naturally-occurring enzyme which has the ability to hydrolyse organophosphates. An organophosphate (sometimes abbreviated OP) is the general name for esters of phosphoric acid and is one of the organophosphorus compounds.
Phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin Phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin (PTAH) is a mix of haematoxylin with phosphotungstic acid, used in histology for staining. It stains some tissue in contrasting colors in a way similar to haematoxylin and eosin stain, as phosphotungstic acid binds to tissue proteins.
Phosphuga atrata Phosphuga atrata is a European carrion beetle that feeds on live snails, insects and earthworms, as well as on carrion. The beetle is up to 15mm long and has an elongated neck, which is used to reach into snail shells, which it sprays with a digestive fluid.
Phossy jaw Phossy jaw is a deadly occupational hazard for those who work with white phosphorus in an environment without proper safeguards. It was most commonly seen in workers in the match industry in the 19th and early 20th century.
Phoswich Detector Scintillator manufacturer Saint-Gobain Crystals & Detectors (headquarters in France, with US manufacturing in Newbury, Ohio) provides a good introduction to this topic on this data sheet: Phoswich Detectors For High Energy Backgrounds.
Photek Photek is Rupert Parkes (born 1972, St Albans, England), a Los Angeles based record producer and DJ. He joined the drum and bass scene relatively early (his first release was in 1992, a collaboration with Rob Solomon a.
Photian schism Photian schism is a term for the 9th-century-AD controversy between Eastern (Byzantine, later Orthodox) and Western (Latin, Roman Catholic) Christianity that was precipitated by the opposition of the Roman Pope John VII to the appointment by the Byzantine emperor Michael III of a lay scholar as Patriarch Photius I of Constantinople.
Photic sneeze reflex Photic sneeze reflex (also referred to as sun sneezing, photogenic sneezing, or whimsically called ACHOO syndrome, a backronym for Autosomal dominant Compelling Helio-Ophthalmic Outburst syndrome) is a medical condition by which people exposed to bright light sneeze. The photic sneeze reflex can also cause one to sneeze many times consecutively.
Photic zone The Euphotic zone is the depth of the water, whether in a lake or an ocean, that is exposed to sufficient sunlight for photosynthesis to occur. The depth of the Euphotic zone can be greatly affected by seasonal turbidity.
Photinia Photinia is a genus of about 40-60 species of small trees and large shrubs in the Rosaceae. As interpreted here, they are restricted to warm temperate Asia, from the Himalaya east to Japan and south to India and Thailand, but some botanists also include the closely related North American species Heteromeles arbutifolia in Photinia as Photinia arbutifolia.
Photisarath Photisarath is considered to be the most devout of the Lao kings, he banned spirit worship and built temples upon the sites of spirit shrines. His elephant fell and crushed him while he sought to display his prowess to the diplomatic corps.
Photo (song) "Photo" is the second single Ryan Cabrera released from his 2005 studio album You Stand Watching. Lisa Origliasso of The Veronicas, Cabrera's girlfriend, played his love interest in the song's music video.
Photo CD Photo CD is a system designed by Kodak for digitizing and storing photos in a CD. Launched in 1992, the discs were designed to hold nearly 100 high quality images, scanned prints and slides using special proprietary encoding.
Photo emulsion Photo emulsion is a photosensitive substance used in screen printing that hardens when subjected to ultraviolet light. To prepare a screen for printing, it is coated with liquid photo emulsion and allowed to dry.
Photo finish A photo finish occurs in a sporting race, when two (or more) competitors cross the finishing line at near the same time. As the naked eye may not be able to discriminate between which of the competitors crossed the line first, a strip photo, a series of rapidly triggered photographs, or a video taken at the finish line may be used for a more accurate check.

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