Encyclopedia

Particular judgment In Christian eschatology, particular judgment is the doctrine that immediately after death the eternal destiny of each separated soul is decided by the just judgment of God. In Western Christianity, the soul is generally said to go to Heaven, Hell, or (in Roman Catholicism) Purgatory prior to Heaven.
Particular values of the Gamma function The Gamma function is an important special function in mathematics. Its particular values can be expressed in closed form for integer and half-integer arguments, but no simple expressions are known for the values at rational points in general.
Particularism Particularism is exclusive devotion to one's own group's interests. Also a literary school, Particularism describes a style of writing applied to fiction, non-fiction or lyrics that indicates an attention to detail, or particulars.
Particulate Particulates, alternatively referred to as particulate matter (PM), aerosols or fine particles, are tiny particles of solid (a smoke) or liquid (an aerosol) suspended in a gas. They range in size from less than 10 nanometres to more than 100 micrometres in diameter.
Partido Auténtico The Partido Auténtico (also known as the Cuban Revolutionary Party-Auténtico or PRC-A) was a Cuban political party most active between the years of 1933 to 1952. The two most prominent members of the party, Ramón Grau San Martín and Carlos Prío Socarrás, each held the role of President of Cuba.
Partido Ortodoxo The Partido Ortodoxo was a Cuban political party, otherwise known as the Partido del Pueblo Cubano, that was founded in 1947 by Eduardo Chibás in response to government corruption and lack of reform. Its primary aims were the establishment of a distinct national identity, economic independence and the implementation of social reforms.
Partido Patria Libre Partido Patria Libre (roughly translated "Free Homeland Party" or "Free Fatherland Party") is a Paraguayan political party. It defines its goals as "Marxist, patriotic, and anti-imperialist.
Partie de campagne Partie de campagne (English title: A Day in the Country) is a film written and directed by the French auteur Jean Renoir in 1936. It chronicles a love affair over a single summer afternoon in 1860, along the banks of the Seine.
Partie de chasse The Hunting Party (or Partie De Chasse in French) is a political thriller graphic novel from 1983 written by Pierre Christin and illustrated by the Yugoslavian born cartoonist and storyteller Enki Bilal. It is centered around a group of old, mostly retired or disgraced Communist bloc political leaders who meet in Poland for a bear-hunting party under the guide of Soviet Presidium leader Vasili AleksandroviÄŤ ÄŚevÄŤenko, an aging revolutionary leader who, while retired from official duties, still retains much of his power and political influence.
Parties in the Council of the European Union This article describes the party affiliations of the leaders of each member-state represented in the Council of the European Union. The list below gives the political party that each head of government, or head of state, belongs to at the national level, as well as the European political alliance to which that national party belongs.
Parties in the Council of the European Union, 2001 This article describes the party affiliations of the leaders of each member-state represented in the Council of the European Union during the year 2001. The list below gives the political party that each head of government, or head of state, belonged to at the national level, as well as the European political alliance to which that national party belonged.
Parties in the Council of the European Union, 2002 This article describes the party affiliations of the leaders of each member-state represented in the Council of the European Union during the year 2002. The list below gives the political party that each head of government, or head of state, belonged to at the national level, as well as the European political alliance to which that national party belonged.
Parties in the Council of the European Union, 2003 This article describes the party affiliations of the leaders of each member-state represented in the Council of the European Union during the year 2003. The list below gives the political party that each head of government, or head of state, belonged to at the national level, as well as the European political alliance to which that national party belonged.
Parties in the Council of the European Union, 2005 This article describes the party affiliations of the leaders of each member-state represented in the Council of the European Union during the year 2005. The list below gives the political party that each head of government, or head of state, belongs to at the national level, as well as the European political alliance to which that national party belongs.
Parties in the Council of the European Union, 2006 This article describes the party affiliations of the leaders of each member-state represented in the Council of the European Union during the year 2006. The list below gives the political party that each head of government, or head of state, belongs to at the national level, as well as the European political alliance to which that national party belongs.
Parties in the Council of the European Union, 2007 This article describes the party affiliations of the leaders of each member-state represented in the Council of the European Union during the year 2007. The list below gives the political party that each head of government, or head of state, belongs to at the national level, as well as the European political alliance to which that national party belongs.
Parties in the Council of the European Union, May–December 2004 On the 1st May, 2004 ten new member states joined the European Union. This article describes the party affiliations of the leaders of each member-state represented in the Council of the European Union from 1 May until the end of 2004.
Partij voor Naastenliefde, Vrijheid en Diversiteit Partij voor Naastenliefde, Vrijheid & Diversiteit (Party for Neighborly Love, Freedom, and Diversity) is a Dutch political party. It was officially founded on 31 May, 2006,Naastenliefde, Vrijheid & Diversiteit: Nieuws (official website).
Parting Gift "Parting Gift" is a song written by American singer Fiona Apple and recorded for her third album Extraordinary Machine (2005). It was produced by Mike Elizondo and Brian Kehew and is the only song from Extraordinary Machine not to have been originally recorded during the Jon Brion-produced sessions.
Parting phrase Parting phrases are sentences to show attention or to express friendship or social status between individuals or groups of people parting from each other after a meeting or gathering. Parting phrases are highly culture-, situation- and interpersonal specific and may change within a culture depending on social status and personal relationship.
Partisan (military) A partisan is a member of an irregular military force formed to oppose control of an area by a foreign power or by an army of occupation. The term can apply to the field element of resistance movements that opposed Nazi domination in several countries during World War II, or those who after the war fought the Soviet Union's Communist rule in eastern Europe.
Partisan (weapon) A partisan (also partizan) is a type of polearm that was used in Europe during medieval times. It consisted of a spear or lance head that was constructed as a small double headed axe built into the lower blade.
Partisan Defense Committee The Partisan Defense Committee describes itself as a "a class-struggle, non-sectarian legal and social defense organization that champions cases and causes in the interests of the whole of the working people." The PDC works in accordance with the political orientation of the Spartacist League.
Partisan Productions Partisan Productions is a Melbourne-based amateur film production company, headed by student filmmaker Andrew Lee. So far, Partisan Productions has produced two student films, "The Story of a Man" and "Redemption".
Partisan Review Partisan Review was an American political and literary quarterly published from 1934 to 2003, though it suspended publication between October 1936 and December 1937. It was founded by William Phillips and Philip Rahv.
Partita Partita was originally the name for a single instrumental piece of music (16th and 17th centuries), but Johann Kuhnau and later German composers (notably Johann Sebastian Bach) used it for collections of musical pieces, as a synonym for suite.
Partitas for keyboard (825–830) The Partitas for keyboard (BWV 825–830) refer to a set of six suites written by the German composer Johann Sebastian Bach for harpsichord and are the last of Bach's 18 suites for keyboard, the others being the 6 English Suites (BWV 806-811) and the 6 French Suites (BWV 812–817).
Partition (law) A partition is a term used in the law of real property to describe an act, by a court order or otherwise, to divide up a concurrent estate into separate portions representing the proportionate interests of the tenants. Under the common law, any tenant who owns an undivided concurrent interest in land can seek such a division.
Partition (mainframe) A partition is a subset of data processing system hardware resources allocated to an operating system wherein there is no overlap in resources allocated to two partitions. Two partitions may be allocated memory from a common memory chip such that the ranges of physical memory addresses directly accessible to each do not overlap.
Partition (number theory) In number theory, a partition of a positive integer n is a way of writing n as a sum of positive integers. Two sums which only differ in the order of their summands are considered to be the same partition; if order matters then the sum becomes a composition.
Partition coefficient A partition coefficient or distribution coefficient is a measure of differential solubility of a compound in two solvents. The logarithmic ratio of the concentrations of the solute in the solvent is called log P (sometimes LogP).
Partition function (statistical mechanics) In statistical mechanics, the partition function Z is an important quantity that encodes the statistical properties of a system in thermodynamic equilibrium. It is a function of temperature and other parameters, such as the volume enclosing a gas.
Partition of Babylon The Partition of Babylon designates the attribution of the territories by Alexander the Great between his generals, soon after his death in 323 BCE. The partition was a result of a compromise, essentially brokered by Eumenes, following a conflict of opinion between the party of Meleager, who wished to give full power to Philip III of Macedon, and the party of Perdiccas, who wished to wait for the birth of the heir of Alexander (the future Alexander IV of Macedon) to give him the throne under the control of a regent.
Partition of Bengal (1905) The Partition of Bengal in 1905, was made on 16 October by then Viceroy of India, Lord Curzon. Due to the high level of political unrest generated by the partition, the eastern and western parts of Bengal were reunited in 1912.
Partition of Bengal (1947) The Partition of Bengal in 1947, part of the Partition of India, divided Bengal into the two separate entities of West Bengal belonging to India, and East Bengal belonging to Pakistan. East Bengal was later renamed East Pakistan and is today the independent nation of Bangladesh.
Partition of India The Partition of India refers to the creation on 14 August 1947 and 15 August 1947, respectively, of the sovereign states of Dominion of Pakistan (later Islamic Republic of Pakistan) and Union of India (later Republic of India) upon the granting of independence to British India by Great Britain. In particular, it refers to the partition of the Bengal province of British India into East Pakistan and Indian state of West Bengal, as well as the similar partition of the Punjab region of British India into the Punjab province of West Pakistan and the Indian state of Punjab.
Partition of Ireland The Partition of Ireland took place in May 1921, following the enactment in December 1920 of the Government of Ireland Act 1920, and was accepted in the ratification of the Anglo-Irish Treaty in January 1922 that ended the Anglo-Irish War.
Partition of Midnapore The Partition of Midnapore was the administrative breakup of the Midnapore District of West Bengal, India into the western Paschim Medinipur and the eastern Purba Medinipur districts that became effective on January 1, 2002. With a collective population of 97 lakh or 9.
Partition of Triparadisus The Partition of Triparadasus was a power-sharing agreement passed at Triparadisus in 321 BCE between the generals (diadochi) of Alexander the Great, in which they named a new regent and established the repartition of their satrapies. It followed and modified the Partition of Babylon made in 323 BCE upon the death of Alexander the Great.
Partition Sejm Partition Sejm ( was a Sejm lasting from 1773 to 1776 in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, convined by its three neighbours (Russian Empire, Prussia and Austria) in order to legalize their First Partition of Poland.
Partition topology In mathematics, the partition topology is a topology that can be induced on any set X by partitioning X into disjoint subsets P; these subsets form the basis for the topology. There are two important examples which have their own names:
Partitioned global address space The partitioned global address space (PGAS) parallel programming model is an SPMD paradigm that presents the user with both a private memory space and a shared memory space. By default, all variables are private and every instruction is executed by each thread.
Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire was a direct consequence of World War I and the Ottomans' involvement in the Middle Eastern theatre. The Ottoman government collapsed completely and the Ottoman Empire was divided amongst the victorious powers with the signing of the Treaty of Sèvres on August 10, 1920.
PartitionMagic PartitionMagic is a computer program for hard disk drive partitioning originally made by the PowerQuest corporation but now owned by Symantec. The program runs on Microsoft Windows operating systems or from a bootable CD-ROM and enables creation and modification of partitions.
Partitions of Poland The Partitions of Poland (Polish: Rozbiór Polski or Rozbiory Polski; Lithuanian: Lietuvos-Lenkijos padalijimai, Belarusian: Падзелы Рэчы Паспалітай) took place in the 18th century and ended the existence of the sovereign Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. They involved Prussia, Russia and Habsburg Austria dividing up the Commonwealth lands among themselves.
Partitive plural Partitive plural is a grammatical number that is used to modify a noun which represents a part of some whole amount, as opposed to the comprehensive plural, used when the noun represents the total amount of something. This plural form is used in the Finnish language, and its use in this language influenced J.
Partitu di a Nazione Corsa U Partitu di a Nazione Corsa (Corsican: the Corsican national party) is a political party seeking autonomy for Corsica. It was founded in Corte in 2002 by members of three nationalist parties, Unione di u Populu Corsu (UPC), A Scelta Nova and A Mossa Naziunale.
Partizanskaya Partizanskaya (Партизанская), known until 2005 as Izmailovskiy Park, is a station on the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line of the Moscow Metro. It was built during World War II (it opened in 1944) and is dedicated to the Soviet partisans who resisted the Nazis.
Partmaximum Partmaximum (Партмаксимум) was a limit on the salary of a member of the Communist Party in the Soviet Union. Partmaximum was introduced in 1920 by a decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (ВЦИК) for all communists that held executive positions in Party, industry, government and Soviet trade unions.
Partnair Partnair was a Norwegian charter airline company owned by Terje and Rolf Thoresen. The company operated a fleet of smaller aircraft such as the Beechcraft King Air, and some larger planes such as the Convair 440 and Convair 580.
Partnair Flight 394 Partnair Flight 394 was a chartered plane flight which crashed on September 8 1989 off the coast of Denmark 30 km north of Hirtshals. All the 50 passengers and 5 crew members onboard the aircraft perished, making it the worst civilian airline disaster involving an all-Norwegian airline company.
Partner dance Partner dances are the dances whose basic choreography involves coordinated dancing of two partners, as opposed to individuals dancing alone or individually in a non-coordinated manner, and as opposed to groups of people dancing simultaneously in a coordinated manner.
Partners (album) Partners is a 1979 album recorded by Scherrie & Susaye for Motown Records. Following the demise of The Supremes in 1977, former group members Scherrie Payne and Susaye Greene recorded this album together on the Motown label.
Partners (TV series) Partners was a television comedy series about a pair of young architects, Bob (Jon Cryer) and Owen (Tate Donovan), and Owen's fiancee Alicia (Maria Pitillo). Much of the show's humor derived from Bob's lack of success with women and his competition with Alicia for Owen's attention.
Partners Across The Ocean Beginning in the year 2000 a collection of Zion-Benton Township High School teachers, students, Rotarians, school administrators and community members have come together to do their part in improving the education of township students in South Africa. Through fund-raising events, a stream of regular donations, speaking honorariums, and a large grant from Rotary International, this program has been carried by its community support.
Partners desk A partners desk is an antique desk form which is basically two pedestal desks constructed from the start as one big desk joined at the front, for two users working while facing each other. The spelling of the term is irregular, with partner's desk and partners' desk being common variants.
Partners for Advanced Transit and Highways Partners for Advanced Transit and Highways (PATH) is a collaboration between the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), the University of California, other public and private academic institutions, and private industry. PATH's mission: applying advanced technology to increase highway capacity and safety, and to reduce traffic congestion, air pollution, and energy consumption.
Partners Federal Credit Union Partners Federal Credit Union is a federally chartered credit union with corporate headquarters in Anaheim, California. The not-for-profit financial cooperative offers membership to employees and cast members of The Walt Disney Company and their family members.
Partners HealthCare Partners HealthCare is a non-profit organization that owns several hospitals in Massachusetts, primarily in the Boston area. Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital founded the organization in 1994.
Partners in Research Partners in Research is a Canadian charity, established in 1988, with the mission of educating citizens about the importance of bio-medical research. Partners in Research is a national charity with offices in London, Ontario, Toronto, Ontario and Ottawa, Ontario.
Partnership (cricket) In the sport of cricket, two batsmen bat in partnership, although only one is on strike at any time. The partnership between two batsmen will come to an end when one of them is dismissed or retires, or the innings comes to a close (usually due to victory being achieved, a declaration, a time or over limit being reached, or the match being abandoned in mid-innings for inclement weather or, exceptionally, dangerous playing conditions).
Partnership 2000 Partnership 2000, or P2000, is a program that partners cities in Israel with cities in the Diaspora in an effort to strengthen ties between Jews in Israel and those overseas. The program was begun in 1994 by the United Jewish Appeal and now has links between at least 500 cities or regions overseas and more than forty cities or regions in Israel.
Partnership for a Drug-Free America Partnership for a Drug-Free America (PDFA) is a non-profit organization founded by Richard T O'Reilly in 1986 as a project of the American Association of Advertising Agencies. Its publicly stated goal, to reduce the demand for narcotics amongst young people by using the various advertising outlets of the mass media to change their attitudes towards illegal drugs, is based on an idea by Philip Joanou, (chairman of Dailey and Associates in Los Angeles), that marketing techniques can be used to help "unsell" narcotics.
Partnership for Academic Competition Excellence The Partnership for Academic Competition Excellence is a nonprofit organization which runs the National Scholastics Championship (NSC), an end-of-year championship for North American high school quizbowl teams. The NSC has been run in June of each year since 1998.
Partnership for Peace Partnership for Peace (PfP) is a North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) project aimed at creating trust between NATO and other states in Europe and the former Soviet Union; 23 nations are members. It was created in 1994, soon after the collapse of the former Eastern bloc.
Partnership minyan A Partnership minyan (pl. partnership minyanim) is a term used by the Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance (JOFA) to describe a prayer group within what it describes as Orthodox Judaism in which parts of services are led by both men and women.
Partnership taxation Partnerships are "flow-through" entities for United States federal income taxation purposes. In the absence of an election to the contrary, multi-member limited liability companies (LLCs), limited liability partnerships (LLPs) and certain multi-member trusts are treated as partnerships for United States federal income tax purposes.
Partney Partney is a small village, around 3 miles north of Spilsby in the Lincolnshire Wolds. It sits on the intersection of the A16 and A158 roads with a recent bypass to cope with holiday traffic to the nearby beach resorts of Skegness, Ingoldmells and Chapel Saint Leonards.
Partofshikof Island Partofshikof Island is an island in the Alexander Archipelago of southeastern Alaska, USA. It is part of the City and Borough of Sitka, and lies between the northern part of Kruzof Island and the northwestern part of Baranof Island.
Parton (particle physics) In particle physics, the parton was a hypothetical fundamental particle considered, in the "parton model" of strong interactions, to be a constituent of the hadron. In the 1970s, quantum chromodynamics showed that hadrons are composed of quarks and gluons, but the parton model is still used to explain some aspects of short-distance interactions.
Partonopeus de Blois Partonopeus de Blois is a French romantic literary hero from the 13th century. The French romance of Partonopeus de Blois has been assigned, on the strength of an ambiguous passage in the prologue, to the Vie seint Edmund le rei to Denis Piramus.
Partou Zia The painter Partou Zia was born in Tehran, Persia in 1953 and emigrated to England in 1970. She studied Art History at the University of Warwick (1977-80) and Fine Art at the Slade School of Art (1986-91) then in 2001 completed a PhD at Falmouth College of Art and the University of Plymouth.
Partridge Island, New Brunswick Partridge Island, off the coast of the Canadian province of New Brunswick, is a national and provincial historic site that sits in the blowing winds of Saint John's Inner Harbour. It was the first quarantine station in Canada, being used as a quarantine station as early as 1785, it received its largest influx of immigrants in the 1840s during the Great Famine in Ireland (the "Potato Famine").
Partridge River (Crow Wing River) The Partridge River and its tributary the Little Partridge River are small rivers in rural west-central Minnesota in the United States. The Partridge is a tributary of the Crow Wing River, via which it is part of the Mississippi River watershed.
Partridge v. Crittenden Partridge v. Crittenden [1968] 2 All ER 421, [1968] 1 WLR 1204, 132 JP 367 is an English case, which was heard by the Divisional Court of the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court of England and Wales on appeal from the Magistrates' Court and is well-known (amongst other cases) for establishing the legal precedent in English contract law, that usually advertisements are invitations to treat.
Parts manufacture authority PMA manufacturers are licensed by the FAA to manufacture replacement parts for aircraft to be used instead of original sourced or issued (OEM) parts. PMA manufacturers are subject to FAA regulations in the way the part is designed (often reverse engineered from an OEM part), tested, approved, manufactured, documented and sold.
Parts stress modelling Parts stress modelling is a method in engineering and especially electronics to find an expected value for the rate of failure of the mechanical and electronic components of a system. It is based upon the idea that the more components that there are in the system, and the greater stress that they undergo in operation, the more often they will fail.
Parts-per notation The "parts-per" notations are used to denote extremely low concentrations of chemical elements. Also known as mixing ratios, are often used to denote the relative abundance of trace elements in the Earth's crust, trace elements in forensics or other analyses, or levels of pollutants in the environment.
Parts: The Clonus Horror The Clonus Horror (1979) (also known as Parts: The Clonus Horror or simply Clonus) is a science fiction horror film about an isolated community in a remote desert area, where clones are bred to serve as a source of replacement organs for the wealthy and powerful. It was produced by Walter Fiveson and Myrl Schreibman, directed by Robert Fiveson, and stars Dick Sargent (Darrin Stephens #2 from Bewitched) as the laboratory director and Peter Graves as a corrupt politician.
Partwork A partwork is a written publication released as a series of pre-planned magazine-like issues over a period of time. Each issue is released on a weekly or monthly basis, and often a completed set is designed to form a reference work on a particular topic.
Party A party is a social gathering intended primarily for celebration and recreation. While having some things in common with religious and seasonal festivals, the term "party" usually denotes a smaller gathering for a personal, rather than cultural, occasion even when the occasion is simply that of gaiety.
Party admission A party admission, in the law of evidence, is any statement made by a declarant who is a party to a lawsuit, which is offered as evidence against that party. Under the Federal Rules of Evidence, such a statement is admissible to prove the truth of the statement itself, meaning that it constitutes an exemption or exclusion to the prohibition on hearsay - indeed, this is probably the most important category of exemptions to the inadmissibility of out-of-court statements.
Party and play Party and play (often abbreviated PNP or PnP, especially in online jargon), also known as a chem session or chemical session, is a phenomenon and subculture of illegal drug users who play together sexually, either one-on-one or in groups. The term is used by and associated with gay menmen who have sex with men] (MSM).
Party Alliance Our Moldova The Party Alliance Our Moldova (Partidul Alianţă Moldova Noastră) is a liberal political party in Moldova. It labels itself as a social liberal party and is lead by Serafim Urechean, former mayor of Chişinău.
Party Animals (musical group) Party Animals are a pop-gabber group from The Netherlands. The band was created by producers Jeff Porter, Jeroen Flamman together with vocalists MCs Remsy, Evert van Buschbach, Patrick de Moor, Dennis Adam and Paul Grommé.
Party balloon A party balloon is a little unmanned hot air balloon. For amusement, people let these small balloons fly at a party; they can be seen from some distance and are therefore suitable to mark the venue of the party.
Party Ben Party Ben is a DJ in the San Francisco area who works at local radio station Live 105 and is one of the more notable figures in the mashup (music) scene. He is involved in the creative imaging of the station, and from June 2003-December 2005, created the weekly Sixx Mixx, a half-hour continuous mix show of mashups that aired on Live 105.
Party class The sociologist Max Weber formulated a three-component theory of stratification in which he defines party class as a group of people (part of a society) that can be differentiated on the basis of their affiliations in the political domain.
Party conference season In the United Kingdom the party conference season refers to the period of three weeks in September and October of each year which contains the annual political party conferences. They typically take place in seaside resorts, such as Blackpool, Brighton, and Bournemouth although in a break with tradition the 2006 Labour Party Conference will be held in Manchester.
Party crasher A party crasher is someone who attempts and often gains entry to a party that they were not invited to, often using Social engineering (psychology) techniques. The party crasher usually tries to blend into the party so as not to be kicked out.
Party City Party City is the largest retail party supply store in the United States, with more than 500 locations. It was founded in 1986 in East Hanover, New Jersey as a one-stop party supply store that would take the hassle out of party planning.
Party for a Free Life in Kurdistan The Partiya Jiyana Azad a KurdistanĂŞ (Party of Free Life of Kurdistan, PJAK) is an Iranian Kurdish nationalist armed organisation based in northern IraqTehran faces growing Kurdish opposition, James Brandon, The Washington Times, April 3, 2006 that is involved in armed opposition to the government of Iran. They are mainly involved in attacking the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps and attempting to force the IRGC out of the Kurdistan Province of Iran and other Kurdish-inhabited areas.
Party for Citizen Action The Party for Citizen Action (Spanish: Partido AcciĂłn Ciudadana - PAC) is a Nicaraguan political party founded by the former legislative representative of the Sandinista Renovation Movement (MRS) in the National Assembly (1997-2001), Jorge Samper. After an ephimeral alliance with Alliance for the Republic (APRE) in 2005, the PAC is, as of 2006, part of the MRS Alliance.
Party for Democratic Action The Party for Democratic Action (Albanian: Partia për bashkimin demokratik të shqiptarve (PBDSh); Serbian: Partija za demokratsko delovanje / Партија за демократско деловање) is a minority political party, representing ethinc Albanians in Southern Serbia. Its current leader is Riza Halimi.
Party for Freedom The Party for Freedom (, PVV) is a Dutch conservative political party. It is led by Geert Wilders, who was the only representative in Dutch parliament of the forerunner of the party, the Group Wilders faction.
Party for Freedom and Progress The Party for Freedom and Progress (Partei fĂĽr Freiheit und Fortschritt, PFF) is a regional liberal party in Belgium, only active in the German speaking East Cantons. It still has the German version of the name of the all-Belgian liberal party in the sixties.
Party for Justice, Action and Progress The Party for Justice, Action and Progress (Partij voor Rechtvaardigheid, Daadkracht en Vooruitgang) is a political party in the Netherlands without parliamentary representation. It was founded May 2005 by the crime journalist Peter R.
Party for Liberty and Development The Party for Liberty and Development (in French Parti pour les Libertés et le Développement or PLD) is a Chadian political party leaded by Ibni Oumar Mahamat Saleh. An opposition party based in the Muslim and Arab east, it took 3 seats in the Parliamentary election of 1997.
Party for National Rebirth The Party for National Rebirth (French Le Parti pour la renaissance nationale, PARENA) is a Malian political party, created in 1995 by activists from the National Congress for Democratic Initiative (CNID). The Party for National Rebirth is headed by Tiébilé Dramé, who was ran for the presidency in 2002, gaining only 4 % of the votes, coming in fourth place.
Party for Social Democracy The Party for Social Democracy (Partia por la Democracia Social - Compromiso PerĂş) is a Peruvian political party. It is member of the ConcertaciĂłn Descentralista together with the Partido Movimiento Humanista Peruano (PMHP).

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