Encyclopedia

Per diem Per diem, or "per day," is a Latin phrase meaning specific amount of money an organization allows an individual to spend per day. Typically, though not exclusively, this is to cover travel and subsistence expenses.
Per Degaton Per Degaton is a fictional character, a DC Comics supervillain who can travel through time. Per Degaton made his first appearance in All Star Comics #35 (June-July, 1947) and was created by John Broome and Irwin Hasen.
Per Enflo Per Enflo, born in Stockholm, Sweden in 1944, is a university professor in the Department of Mathematical Sciences at Kent State University, Ohio, USA. Enflo's mathematical contributions fall mainly within the area of functional analysis, where he solved three fundamental problems — "The Basis Problem," "The Approximation Problem" and a version of "The Invariant Subspace Problem" for Banach spaces— which had been open for more than 40 years.
Per Fine Ounce Per Fine Ounce is the title of an unpublished novel by Geoffrey Jenkins featuring Ian Fleming's superspy James Bond. It was completed circa 1966 and is considered a "lost" novel by fans of James Bond because it was actually commissioned by Glidrose Productions, the official publishers of James Bond.
Per Flatberg Per Flatberg (born September 18 1937) is a Norwegian environmentalist and pharmacist. Flatberg took the pharmasutical exam at the University of Oslo in 1961 and started working at both the university and at pharmacys.
Per Fosshaug Per "Pelle" Fosshaug is a Swedish bandy player, born on February 24 1965. Fosshaug played in midfield for many clubs in Sweden, as well as for the Swedish national bandy team, for which he made a record 129 appearances between 1994 and 2005.
Per Frimann Per Frimann Hansen (born 4 June 1962) is a Danish former football player, who played as a midfielder. He played 17 matches and scored one goal for time for the Danish national team, and represented his country at the 1986 FIFA World Cup and 1988 European Championship.
Per Holm Knudsen Per Holm Knudsen is the Danish author of The True Story of How Babies Are Made, a detailed and colorfully illustrated children's book that chronicles love, marriage, conception, pre-natal growth, and birth. As the title promises, it explains the biological process of human reproduction, using correct terminology and graphic pictures.
Per incuriam Literally translated as "through want of care", per incuriam refers to a judgment of a court which has been decided without reference to a statutory provision or earlier judgment which would have been relevant. The significance of a judgment having been decided per incuriam is that it does not then have to followed as precedent.
Per Imerslund Nils Per Imerslund, (May 9, 1912 – December 7, 1943) born in Kristiania, Norway, was one of the most prominent figures in the national socialist scene in the pre-World War II Norway. His blond, blue-eyed stature and extravagant way of life gave him the position of "det ariske idol" (The aryan idol).
Per Jacobsson Per Jacobsson (February 5, 1894 - May 5, 1963) was managing director of the International Monetary Fund from November 21, 1956 until his death in 1963. Born in Tanum, Sweden, Jacobsson received degrees in law and economics from the Uppsala University.
Per Joar Hansen Per Joar Hansen (born August 17, 1965 in Namsos, Norway) is a Norwegian football coach, who grew up in the small community of Trofors in Nordland. Going under the nick-name "Perry", he began his career in lower flight clubs Mosjøen and Steinkjer, before he enjoyed a brief, but unsuccessful carrier in Rosenborg 1987–89, his excellent ball control coming in the way of his team play.
Per Karlsson Per Karlsson (born January 2, 1986 in Stockholm) is a Swedish football player. He took a regular first team place for AIK in late 2004, but he broke a leg in the third game the season after and just when he was back from that injury he broke his hand.
Per Krøldrup Per Billeskov Krøldrup (born July 31, 1979) is a Danish professional football player who plays as a central defender for Italian club ACF Fiorentina in the Serie A championship. Krøldrup has represented the Denmark national football team in 15 matches, and he was part of the Danish roster for the 2004 European Championship.
Per Laursen Per Laursen is a Danish darts player. He made his television debut in the 2006 BDO World Darts Championship, defeating number five seed Tony Eccles in the first round but losing to Shaun Greatbatch in round two.
Per Lindstrand Per Lindstrand (born September 8, 1948, Sweden) is an aeronautical engineer, pilot and adventurer who has lived in Oswestry, England, since 1978. He is particularly known for his series of record-breaking trans-oceanic hot air balloon flights and, later, attempts to be the first to fly a Rozière balloon around the Earth - all with British entrepreneur, Sir Richard Branson.
Per Nielsen Per Lundgren Nielsen (born October 15, 1973) is a Danish professional football (soccer) player who has played in the central defense of Brøndby IF in the Danish Superliga his entire club career. With Brøndby, he has won five Danish championships and three Danish Cups since his senior debut in 1993.
Per Olaf Lundteigen Per Olaf Lundteigen (born 18 April, 1953 in Vestfossen) is a Norwegian politician representing the Centre Party and a farmer. He is currently a representative of Buskerud in the Norwegian Parliament (Storting), he was first elected in the 1993 to 1997 period, he won a seat again in 2005.
Per Røntved Per Christian Røntved (born January 27, 1949) is a Danish former footballer, who played professionally for German club SV Werder Bremen from 1972 to 1979. He was the first Dane to earn 75 caps for the Denmark national football team, and he scored 11 national team goals from 1970 to 1982.
Per se (restaurant) per se is a gourmet restaurant located at Columbus Circle in New York, New York. The chef and owner of per se is Thomas Keller who is also involved in the restaurants French Laundry in Napa Valley and Bouchon, in Napa Valley and Las Vegas.
Per Stig Møller Per Stig Møller , informal: (born August 27, 1942 in Frederiksberg) is the current Foreign Minister of Denmark, as of 2006. He has been a member of Folketinget for the Conservative People's Party since 1984, and was Minister for the Environment from December 18 1990 to January 24 1993 as part of the Cabinet of Poul Schlüter IV and Foreign Minister from November 27 2001 as part of the Cabinet of Anders Fogh Rasmussen I and Cabinet of Anders Fogh Rasmussen II.
Per Wahlöö Per Fredrik Wahlöö (born August 5, 1926 in Tölö parish, Halland, died June 22, 1975 in Malmö) was a Swedish author. He is perhaps best known for the collaborative work with his wife Maj Sjöwall on a series of detective novels published between 1965 and 1975.
Per Wiberg Per Wiberg is the keyboardist for the Swedish progressive death metal band Opeth, and a member of Michael Amott's stoner rock band Spiritual Beggars. Wiberg had toured with Opeth since the 2003 Deliverance/Damnation tour, and officially joined Opeth in 2005.
Per Winge Per Winge (August 27, 1858 - September 7, 1935) was a Norwegian conductor, pianist and composer, known primarily for his vocal works. Born in Christiana (now Oslo), he studied with Edmund Neupert, Johan Svendsen and Otto Winter-Hjelm.
Per-Axel Arosenius Per-Axel Arosenius (November 7, 1920 - March 21, 1981) was a Swedish actor of mostly supporting parts. His most prominent film role was that of Soviet defector Boris Kusenov in Alfred Hitchcock's 1969 film Topaz.
Per-Hop Behaviour Per-Hop Behaviour (PHB) is a term used in differentiated services (DiffServ) or multiprotocol label switching. It defines the policy and priority applied to a packet when traversing a hop (such as a router) in a DiffServ network.
Per-Kristian Foss Per-Kristian Foss (born July 19, 1950 in Oslo) is a Norwegian politician (Conservatives), member of the Norwegian National Assembly since 1981, and former Minister of Finance 2001–2005. He's received much attention for being the first openly gay minister in a Norwegian government and lives in registered partnership, as does his personal assistant.
Per-Olof Svensson Per-Olof Svensson (born August 17, 1968) was a suspect in the assassination of Anna Lindh. He was arrested on September 16, 2003, being suspected primarily because of a sequence from a department store surveillance camera showing a similar man.
Per-Olov Löwdin Per-Olov Löwdin (born October 28, 1916 in Uppsala, Sweden, died October 6, 2000) was a Swedish physicist, professor at the University of Uppsala from 1960 to 1983, and in parallel at the University of Florida until 1993.
Per-pixel lighting In computer graphics, per-pixel lighting is commonly used to refer to a set of methods for computing illumination at each rendered pixel of an image. These generally produce more realistic images than vertex lighting, which only calculates illumination at each vertex of a 3D model and then interpolates the resulting values to calculate the per-pixel color values.
Per-unit system In electrical engineering in the field of power transmission a per-unit system is the expression of system quantities as fractions of a defined base unit quantity. Calculations are simplified because quantities expressed as per-unit are the same regardless of the voltage level.
Pera (genus) Pera is a genus of the flowering plant family Euphorbiaceae and the only genus of its tribe (Pereae). Pera differs from other Euphorbiaceae in several characteristics and some classifications place it in its own family, Peraceae.
Pera Skafi Pera Skafi (Greek Πέρα Σκάφη) is a small village in Chania Prefecture on the island of Crete, Greece. It has 62 residents (2001 census source) and it's within the municipality of East Selino (Anatoliko Selino).
Peracarida The superorder Peracarida is a large group of crustaceans, having members in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats. They are defined by the possession of a single pair of maxillipeds (rarely 2–3), of mandibles with an articulated accessory process between the molar and incisor teeth in the adults (called the lacinia mobilis), of a carapace which is often reduced in size and is not fused with the posterior thoracic somites.
Perachora Perachora, also Perahora or Perakhora (Greek: Περαχώρα) is an inland settlement in the Loutraki-Perachoras municipality of the Corinthia prefecture in the periphery of Peloponnese in Greece. It is located about 7 km NW of the town of Loutraki in a hilly environment surrounded by higher elevation of the Geraneia mountains.
Peraia Peraia (Greek: Περαία, Latin: Peræa), also written as Perea, has the meaning of territory on the mainland in front of an island and constituting part of its state, and may refer to any of several places, including:
Peraia, Thessaloniki Peraia, Perea or Peraia Thessalonikis, also Perea- (Greek: Περαία Θεσσαλονίκης) is a suburban city located South of Thessaloniki and Kalamaria, SouthWest of Thermi and NorthWest of Chalkidiki. GR-16 is located to the east and formerly passed through Peraia.
Perak Perak (Jawi: ڨيرق) is one of the 13 states of Malaysia. It is the second largest state in Peninsular Malaysia bordering Kedah and Thailand to the north, Penang to the northwest, Kelantan and Pahang to the east, Selangor southward and to the west by the Strait of Malacca.
Perak Stadium The Perak Stadium is a stadium located in Kampung Simee in Ipoh. It is part of a large complex called the DBI Sports Complex, which houses the majority of sporting facilities used by players representing the state of Perak such as the Velodrome (cycling), Indera Mulia Stadium (indoor stadium) and the Sultan Azlan Shah Stadium (hockey).
Perak War The Perak War (1875-1876) took place between British and local forces in Perak, a state in northwestern Malaysia. The sultan of Upper Perak and other local chiefs attempted to end foreign influence in the region and remove the British administrator James W.
Peralada Peralada (es: Perelada) is a village in Girona Province (Catalonia, Spain). It was the home of the Frankish Counts of Perelada who controlled this portion of the Marca Hispanica before becoming part of the lands held by the Count of Barcelona.
Peralta Community College District The Peralta Community College District is the community college district serving northern Alameda County, California. The district operates four community colleges: Berkeley City College, Laney College and Merritt College in Oakland, and College of Alameda.
Peralta Stones The Peralta Stones are a cryptic treasure map on a group of engraved stones purported to have been found near an Arizona highway in the mid twentieth century and now residing at the Arizona Museum of Mines and Minerals in Phoenix, Arizona.
Peramangk The Peramangk were an Indigenous Australian people whose traditional lands were primarily located in Adelaide Hills but also in the southern stretches of the Fleurieu Peninsula, South Australia. They were also referred to as the Mount Barker tribe, as their numbers were noted to be greater around the Mount Barker summit, but Peramangk country extended from the Barossa Valley in the north, south to Myponga, east to Strathalbyn and west to the Gulf St Vincent.
Perambur Loco Works Perambur Loco Works is a suburban railway station in the Perambur area of the city of Chennai in India. It serves the Integral Coach Factory (ICF) that is one of the largest railroad carriage and locomotive manufacturers in the world.
Peramelemorphia The order Peramelemorphia includes the bandicoots and bilbies: it equates approximately to the mainstream of marsupial omnivores. All members of the order are endemic to the twin land masses of Australia-New Guinea and most have the characteristic bandicoot shape: a plump, arch-backed body with a long, delicately tapering snout, very large upright ears, relatively long, thin legs, and a thin tail.
Peramelidae Peramelidae is the family of marsupials that contains all of the extant bandicoots. One known extinct species of bandicoot, the Pig-footed Bandicoot, was so different than the other species that it was recently moved into its own family.
Peramivir Peramivir is a pharmaceutical drug used to viral infections. Like zanamivir and oseltamivir, peramivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor, acting as a transition-state analogue inhibitor of influenza neuraminidase and thereby preventing new viruses from emerging from infected cells.
Peranakan Peranakan, Baba-Nyonya () and Straits Chinese (; named after the Straits Settlements) are terms used for the descendants of the very early Chinese immigrants to the Nusantara region, including both the British Straits Settlements of Malaya and the Dutch-controlled island of Java among other places, who have partially adopted Malay customs in an effort (chronological adaptation) to be assimilated into the local communities.
Peranakan Beaded Slippers 'Kasot Manek', literally meaning 'shoe beads', is a type of shoe that dates back to the early twentieth century. It refers to beaded slippers worn by a nyonya to complete her Sarong Kebaya outfit, together with chained brooches (kerosang) and a silver belt (tali pendeng).
Peranakan Cut Beads Manek potong', a Peranakan term, is literally translated as 'beads cut'. These are faceted glass beads used by Peranakan women to make beaded slippers (kasot manek) and other Peranakan artifacts like wedding veils, handbags, belts, tapestries, pouches, etc.
Peratata Peratata (Greek: Περατάτα) is a village located 8 km ESE of Argostoli and about 32 km W of Poros in the municipality of Livathos on the island of Kefalonia. Persata is linked with the road linking Poros and Argostoli and a small road to the historic castle.
Perateia Perateia ("beyond the sea") was the overseas territory of the Empire of Trebizond, compising the Crimean cities of Cherson, Kerch and their hinterlands. The territory was probably administered during Byzantine rule from Trebizond before the Comneni established the empire following the Crusader sack of Constantinople in 1204.
PerĂş Negro PerĂş Negro is an Afro-Peruvian musical ensemble founded in 1969 to celebrate and preserve Peru's black culture and mĂşsica criolla. Ronaldo Campos de la Colina founded the Lima-based group with 12 family members.
Perämeri National Park Perämeri National Park (Perämeren kansallispuisto, literally "Bay of Bothnia National Park") is a national park in Lapland Province, Finland. The park, established in 1991, covers 157 km² of which 2.
Perboewatan Perboewatan (also spelled Perbuatan; apparently a Malay word of uncertain dervivation) was one of the three main volcanic cones (the others being Danan and Rakata) on the island of Krakatoa (Krakatau), in the Sunda Strait, in Indonesia. It was the lowest (400 feet) and northernmost of the cones.
Percee P Percee P (born John Percy Simon in 1971) is an underground hip-hop artist from the Patterson Projects in New York City, United States. Although he has never released an official album of his own, he is known in the underground for selling his mixtapes himself at shows and for his many guest appearances on other alternative and underground hip-hop artists' releases.
Perceforest The prose romance of Perceforest with lyrical interludes of poetry, in six books, appears to have been composed in French in the Low Countries between 1330 and 1344, forming a late addition to the cycle of narratives with loose connections both to the Arthurian cycle and to the feats of Alexander the Great. Alexander, having conquered Britain according to this accounting of origins, departs for Babylon, leaving Perceforest in charge.
Percent-encoding Percent-encoding, also known as URL encoding, is a mechanism for encoding information in a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) under certain circumstances. Although it is known as URL encoding, it is, in fact, used more generally within the main Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) set, which includes both Uniform Resource Locator (URL) and Uniform Resource Name (URN).
Percentage play Percentage play in contract bridge is a generic name for plays in which declarer maximizes the chances for obtaining a certain number of tricks or the maximum number of tricks when considering the suit in isolation. Sometimes the percentage play is not the correct play considering the hand as a whole as an avoidance play or safety play may be more appropriate.
Percentile die The percentile die (also known as d% or d100) is generally a combination of two ten-sided dice (or d10s), often made distinguishable from each other by colour. One die is rolled to determine the tens digit, and one is rolled to determine the ones digit.
Percentile rank The percentile rank of a score is the percentage of scores in its frequency distribution which are lower. For example, a test score which is greater than 90% of the scores of people taking the test is said to be at the 90th percentile.
Percept A percept is a philosophical term which roughly means an individual's observation/perception of something external to one's self; more specifically, the resultant of perceiving. It is the representation of an external event that affected the senses and which - by perceptual processing - caused the activation of a certain category in the mind, i.
Perception In psychology and the cognitive sciences, perception is the process of acquiring, interpreting, selecting, and organizing sensory information. The word perception comes from the Latin capere, meaning "to take," the prefix per meaning "completely.
Perception Pty Perception is a computer game development company based in Sydney, Australia founded in 1995, Perception began as an animation and sound house, contracting its services to various companies and working with such publishers as Electronic Arts "EA Sports" brand and Intel. As well as programming and graphics teams, Perception also has its own in house sound recording studio.
Perceptis PerceptIS, LLC is an information technology support services company headquartered in Cleveland, Ohio. The company was founded in 2004 and in addition to its headquarters also has regional offices in Washington, D.
Perceptron The perceptron is a type of artificial neural network invented in 1957 at the Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory by Frank Rosenblatt. It can be seen as the simplest kind of feedforward neural network: a linear classifier.
Perceptual audio coder Perceptual Audio Coder (PAC) is an algorithm, like MPEG's MP3 standard, used to compress digital audio by removing extraneous information not perceived by most people. It is used by Sirius Satellite Radio for their DARS service, and iBiquity has been testing it for their IBOC digital radio upgrade for FM and AM.
Perceptual dynamics Perceptual dynamics (or PD) is a broad classification of theories of mind. Theories of mind that fall within this category are those which attempt to describe the mode, condition, or dynamic of the act of perception as the cause of its content, rather than the other way around.
Perceptual mapping Perceptual mapping is a graphics technique used by marketers that attempts to visually display the perceptions of customers or potential customers. Typically the position of a product, product line, brand, or company is displayed relative to their competition.
Perceptual noise exclusion hypothesis The concept of a perceptual noise exclusion deficit is an emerging hypothesis as to the origins and nature of dyslexia. It is supported by research showing that dyslexic adults and children experience difficulty in processing information in the presence of perceptual distractions, but subjects do not show the same impairment when the distracting factors are removed in an experimental setting.
Perceptual positions Perceptual positions is a neuro-linguistic programming and psychology term denoting that a complex system may look very different, and different information will be available, depending how one looks at it and one's point of view.
Perceval, the Story of the Grail Perceval, the Story of the Grail (French:Perceval, le Conte du Graal) is the unfinished fifth romance of Chrétien de Troyes. Probably written between 1181 and 1191, it is dedicated to Chrétien's patron Philip, Count of Flanders.
Percey Percey is a small village and a commune in the canton of Tonnerre, part of the Yonne département, Burgundy, France. It lies on the Canal de Bourgogne, with the Route Nationale (D945) running through it, between Saint-Florentin and Tonnerre.
Percifer Carr Percifer Carr (also given variously as Parsifer, Persifor, Persefer and Persafor Carr) (d. 1804) was a British allied Loyalist living in what is now Otsego County, New York around the time of the American Revolution.
Percival Bazeley Percival Landon Bazeley was a world-class scientist and one of the overlooked heroes of Australian biotechnology and public health. Born in Orbost, Victoria, Australia on March 2, 1909, he attended the school of Veterinary Science at the University of Sydney, graduating in 1938.
Percival Brinton Percival Robert Brinton (5 February 1873 - 14 May 1958) was an English cricketer, who played one first-class match, for Worcestershire against Oxford University in 1904. He made just 1 in his only innings before being dismissed by Adolph von Ernsthausen.
Percival David Foundation of Chinese Art The Percival David Foundation of Chinese Art is a collection of Chinese ceramics and related items in London, England. The Foundation's main purpose is to promote the study and teaching of Chinese Art and culture.
Percival Eric Gratwick Percival Eric (Percy) Gratwick, (October 19, 1902-October 26, 1942) was an Australian posthumous recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Percival Gull The Percival Gull was a British low-wing, wood-and-fabric monoplane, built by Percival Aircraft Company of Gravesend (later to become Hunting Aircraft) first flown in 1932. It was powered by an aircooled inline engine.
Percival Lowell Percival Lowell (March 13, 1855 – November 12, 1916) was an author, mathematician, and esteemed astronomer who fueled speculation that there were canals on Mars, founded the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, and formed the beginning of the work and theories that led to the discovery of Pluto 14 years after his death.
Percival Prentice The Percival Prentice was an ab initio trainer of the Royal Air Force in the early post-war period, contemporary with the de Havilland Chipmunk. It was a low-wing, monoplane with a fixed, tailwheel, undercarriage.
Percival Scrope Marling Percival Scrope Marling VC, CB (6 March 1861 -29 May 1936) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Percival Serle Percival Serle (July 18 1871 – December 16 1951) was born in Victoria and for many years worked in a life assurance office before becoming chief clerk and accountant at the University of Melbourne. He married artist Dora Beatrice Hake.
Percival, Iowa Percival is a town of about 100 located in the extreme southwestern part of Iowa. The old part of town is along the BNSF tracks, but most of the jobs are at the truck stop at the junction of Hiway 2 and Interstate 29.
Percivall Pott Percival Pott (January 6, 1714 – December 22, 1788, London, England) was an English surgeon, one of the founders of orthopedy, and the first scientists to demonstrate that a cancer may be caused by an environmental carcinogen.
Percolation In chemistry and materials science, percolation concerns the movement and filtering of fluids through porous materials. During the last three decades, percolation theory, an extensive mathematical model of percolation, has brought new understanding and techniques to a broad range of topics in physics and materials science.
Percolation ("Perc") Testing Percolation (or "perc") testing is done to establish the viability of an area of land to properly use a septic system consisting of leach lines, horizontal seepage pits, or vertical seepage pits. In its broadest terms, percolation testing is simply observing how quickly a known volume of water dissipates into the subsoil of a drilled hole of known surface area.
Percolation test A percolation test (from percolation, colloquially called a perc test) is a test to determine the absorption rate of soil for a septic drain field or "leach field". The results of a percolation test are required to properly design a septic system.
Percolation testing Percolation (or "perc") testing is done to establish the viability of an area of land to properly use a septic system consisting of leach lines, horizontal seepage pits, or vertical seepage pits. In its broadest terms, percolation testing is simply observing how quickly a known volume of water dissipates into the subsoil of a drilled hole of known surface area.
Percolation theory In mathematics, percolation theory describes the behavior of connected clusters in a random graph. The applications of percolation theory to materials science and other domains are discussed in the article percolation.
Percolozoa The Percolozoa are a group of colourless protozoa, including many that can transform between amoeboid, flagellate, and encysted stages. These are collectively referred to as schizopyrenids, amoeboflagellates, or vahlkampfids.
Percopsidae Percopsidae is a family within the order Percopsiformes. It is composed of two North American Fresh water species, trout-perch Percopsis omiscomaycus (Walbaum 1792) and sand roller Percopsis transmontana (Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1892).
Percula clownfish The percula clownfish (Amphiprion percula) is a popular aquarium fish, even more so after it rose to stardom in Finding Nemo. Like other clownfish (also called anemonefish), it often lives in association with the sea anemone Heteractis magnifica, using them for shelter and protection.
Percussion ensemble A percussion ensemble is a musical ensemble consisting of only percussion instruments. Although the term can be used to describe any such group, it commonly refers to groups of classically-trained percussionists performing primarily classical music.
Percussion instrument A percussion instrument can be any object which produces a sound by being struck with an implement, shaken, rubbed, scraped, or by any other action which sets the object into vibration. The term usually applies to an object used in a rhythmic context and/or with musical intent.
Percussion rifle The percussion rifle is a rifle that used a percussion cap instead of older flintlocks or matchlock variants. Faster reloading and less movable parts made this rifle more versatile and rugged compared to other single-shot rifles.
Percutaneous In surgery, percutaneous pertains to any medical procedure where access to inner organs or other tissue is done via needle-puncture of the skin, rather than by using an "open" approach where inner organs or tissue are exposed (typically with the use of a scalpel).
Percutaneous aortic valve replacement In Percutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement (PAVR), a synthetic valve is transported to the heart through a small hole made in groin. This procedure can be compared to that performed when placing a stent, or performing balloon angioplasty.
Percutaneous coronary intervention Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), commonly known as coronary angioplasty, is an invasive cardiologic therapeutic procedure to treat the stenotic (narrowed) coronary arteries of the heart. These stenotic segments are due to the build up of cholesterol-laden plaques that form due to coronary heart disease.

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