Encyclopedia > Q > 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18
Qualification problem In philosophy and AI, the qualification problem is concerned with the impossibility of listing all the preconditions required for a real-world action to have its intended effect. It might be posed as how to deal with the things that prevent me from achieving my intended result.
Qualifications and Curriculum Authority The Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) is an Executive Non-Departmental Public Body (NDPB) of the Department for Education and Skills in the United Kingdom. In England QCA maintains and develops the national curriculum and associated assessments, tests and examinations; and accredits and monitors qualifications in colleges and at work and advises the Secretary of State for Education and Skills on these matters.
Qualifications for a mujtahid A Mujtahid is an Islamic scholar, competent independently to interpret divine law in practical situations using Ijtihad, or independent thought. In some, but not all, Islamic traditions, a Mujtahid can specialise in a branch of Sharia - economic or family law for example.
Qualified domestic relations order A Qualified domestic relations order or QDRO is a legal order subsequent to a divorce that splits and changes ownership of a retirement plan to give the divorced spouse their share of the asset or pension plan. QDROs may grant ownership in the participant's (employee's) pension plan to an alternate payee, who must be a spouse, former spouse, child or other dependant of the participant.
Qualified Domestic Institutional Investor Also known as QDII, it is a scheme relating to the capital market set up to allow financial institutions to investment in offshore markets such as securities and bonds. Similar to QFII (Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor), it is a transitional arrangement which provides limited opportunities for domestic investors to access foreign markets at a stage where a country/territory’s currency is not traded or floated completely freely and where capital is not able to move completely freely in and out of the country.
Qualified immunity Qualified immunity is a doctrine in United States law providing immunity from suit to government officials performing discretionary functions when their action did not violate clearly established law. Qualified immunity was created by the U.
Qualified intermediary The Qualified Intermediary (also known as an Accommodator) should be a corporation that is in the full-time business of facilitating 1031 exchanges. The role of a QI is similar to, but not identical to, the role of an escrow company.
Qualified Institutional Buyer A Qualified Institutional Buyer in law is a purchaser of securities that is financially sophisticated and is legally recognized by security market regulators to need less protection from sellers than most members of the public. For mutual funds it is generally an investor that is investing a large amount of money and presumably also meets the legal conditions in the country where the fund is located.
Qualified Person Qualified Person (QP) is a technical term used in European Union pharmaceutical regulation (Directive 2001/20/EC). The regulations specify that no batch of medicinal product can be released for sale or supply prior to certification by a QP that the batch is in accordance with the relevant requirements.
Qualified Teacher Status Qualified Teacher Status (QTS) is required in England and Wales to become, and continue being, a teacher in the state and special education sectors. Similar statuses exist in the rest of the United Kingdom (Scotland and Northern Ireland), but under different names.
Qualiflyer Qualiflyer was the name of Swissair frequent flyer program created in April of 1992. When Swissair began acquiring stakes in other European airlines in 1998, Qualiflyer was extended to become their frequent-flyer programs as well.
Qualifying floating charge In English law, a qualifying floating charge is a floating charge which enables the holder to appoint an administrator or administrative receiver under the Insolvency Act 1986 without the need for an order of the court. The change was introduced by the Enterprise Act 2002, and was designated to streamline the process in relation to the appointment of an administrators (all floating charges historically had the power to appoint an administrative receiver).
Qualitative and quantitative Qualitative comparison, in chemistry, is comparing different substances' characteristics and attributes. Quantitative comparison, in chemistry, is comparing different substances' numerical amounts and quantities (hence the name).
Qualitative economics Qualitative economics refers to representation and analysis of information about the direction of change (+ or -) in some economic variable(s) as related to change of some other economic variable(s) (James Quirk, 1987, p. 1).
Qualitative forecasting There are a number of aids for use in support of qualitative forcasting, which - as compared with quantitative forecasting where statistical tecahniques can be used - is largely the province of individual judgement.
Qualitative inorganic analysis Classical qualitative inorganic analysis is a method of analytical chemistry which seeks to find elemental composition of inorganic compounds. It is mainly focused on detecting ions in an aqueous solution, so that materials in other forms may need to be brought into this state before using standard methods.
Qualitative invisibility In CAD/CAM, Quantitative Invisibility (QI) is the number of solid bodies obscuring a point in space as projected onto a plane (called [vector] hidden line removal used by the Vector format). Often, when a CAD engineer creates a projection of his model into a plane [the drawing], he wishes to denote the edges which are visible by a solid segment and those which are hidden by dashed or dimmed segments.
Qualitative marketing research Qualitative research is a set of research techniques, used in marketing and the social sciences, in which data are obtained from a relatively small group of respondents and not analyzed with statistical techniques. This differentiates it from quantitative research in which a large group of respondents provide data that are statistically analyzed.
Qualitative properties Qualitative properties are properties that are observed and can generally not be measured. It should be mentioned that qualitative properties are most of the time at least as important as quantitative properties.
Qualitative psychological research In psychology qualitative research has come to be defined as research whose findings are not arrived at by statistical or other quantitative procedures. This definition, however, is entirely negative, describing qualitative research by what it lacks rather than by what it possesses.
Qualitative research Qualitative research is one of the two major approaches to research methodology in social sciences. Qualitative research involves an indepth understanding of human behaviour and the reasons that govern human behaviour.
Qualitative Research Reports in Communication Qualitative Research Reports in Communication is a peer-reviewed annual academic journal sponsored by the Eastern Communication Association. It publishes research essays relating to human communication covering studies of intercultural, media, political, organizations, rhetorical, interpersonal and legal communication.
Qualitätswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete Qualitätswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete, more commonly abbreviated to QbA, is a category in the German wine classification, reserved for riper grapes than Deutscher Tafelwein and Deutscher Landwein but lower quality than Prädikat wines. The grapes may be chaptalized (have sugar added to increase final alcohol content).
Qualitätswein mit Prädikat Qualitätswein mit Prädikat usually abbreviated to QmP is the highest level in the German wine classification, to which almost all quality German wines belong. The wines must be produced from recognised grape varieties grown within one district, which must be declared on the label, and the grapes must reach a prescribed level of ripeness depending on the region and variety.
Quality and Reliability Engineering International Quality and Reliability Engineering International is a bimonthly technical journal focusing on engineering quality and reliability. This includes the quality and reliability components, equipment, and physics of failure.
Quality assessment Quality assessment includes evaluation, grading and measurement process to assess design, development, production, installation, servicing and documentation, includes the regulation of the quality of raw materials, assemblies, products and components.
Quality assurance Quality Assurance is the activity of providing evidence needed to establish confidence among all concerned, that the quality-related activities are being performed effectively. All those planned or systematic actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that a product or service will satisfy given requirements for quality.
Quality audit Quality audit means a systematic, independent examination of a quality system. Quality audits are typically performed at defined intervals and ensures that the institution has clearly-defined internal quality monitoring procedures linked to effective action.
Quality Assurance Review Center The Quality Assurance Review Center (QARC) is a publicly funded, not-for-profit healthcare organization located in Providence, Rhode Island. QARC provides radiotherapy quality assurance and diagnostic imaging data management to all of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) sponsored cooperative groups.
Quality Bus Corridor Quality Bus Corridors (QBC) are an initiative to give dedicated road space and traffic signal priority to buses in Dublin in order to reduce journey times and improve service consistency. The aim of the initiative is to encourage people to change from cars to buses and thus reduce traffic congestion.
Quality control In engineering and manufacturing, quality control and quality engineering are involved in developing systems to ensure products or services are designed and produced to meet or exceed customer requirements. These systems are often developed in conjunction with other business and engineering disciplines using a cross-functional approach.
Quality evolution chart The Quality Evolution Chart is a tool that helps document the needs and expectations of the ultimate customer - the consumer - and helps translate those needs into the operating conditions and specifications an organization needs to operate under to meet those expectations.
Quality Engineering Quality Engineering is a quarterly academic journal focusing on quality control and quality assurance management through use of physical technology, standards information, and statistical tools. The journal is co-published between American Society for Quality and Marcel Dekker, Inc.
Quality function deployment Quality function deployment or "QFD" is a flexible and comprehensive [decision making] technique used in [[Product (business)|product or service development, brand marketing, and product management. QFD can strongly help an organization focus on the critical characteristics of a new or existing product or service from the separate viewpoints of the customer market segments, company, or technology-development needs.
Quality Group Limited Quality Group Limited is Tanzania's largest conglomerate with 17 companies in the automotive, engineering products, international trade, logistic solutions and warehousing, real-estate development, food processing, consulting, transport, aluminium and fisheries sectors. It is a privately held company owned by the Manji family.
Quality Hill Quality Hill is an historic and upscale neighborhood in downtown Kansas City, Missouri, USA, on a 200-foot-high bluff that overlooks the confluence of the Kansas River and Missouri River in the West Bottoms below.
Quality improvement organizations Quality Improvement Organizations (QIOs) monitor the appropriateness, effectiveness, and quality of care provided to Medicare beneficiaries. They are private contractor extensions of the federal government that work under the auspices of the U.
Quality Improvement Agency The Quality Improvement Agency (QIA) is a QUANGO whose remit is to support those institutions that provide education, but which are not schools or universities. This covers a broad range of institutions, ranging from FE colleges, prison education, workplace training etc.
Quality management system A quality management system (QMS) is a system that outlines the policies and procedures necessary to improve and control the various processes that will ultimately lead to improved business performance. One of their purposes is quality control in manufacturing.
Quality Management System processes A Quality Management System process is a process which forms an element of the Quality Management System (QMS) of an organisation. The ISO9001:2000 standard requires organisations seeking compliance or certification to define the processes which form the QMS and the sequence and interaction of these processes.
Quality of experience Quality of Experience (QoE), In business terminology QoE is also known as "Quality of User Experience," and is a subjective measure of a customer's experiences with a vendor. It looks at a vendor's or purveyor's offering from the standpoint of the customer or end user, and asks, "What mix of goods, services, and support, do you think will provide you with the perception that the total product is providing you with the experience you desired and/or expected?
Quality of life economics This article is about quality-of-life economics. This is an economic system wherein the poor lives under a minimum reasonable economic standard with access to utilities, shelter, food, clothing, transportation, communication, health-care with opportunity to move into the lifestyle of the middle-class,the rich class and the super-rich class.
Quality of models Modeling is an integral part of many technical fields, including engineering, economics, and software engineering. In this context, a model is a formal representation of a physical system, such as a business model or a formal description of software in UML.
Quality of service In the fields of packet-switched networks and computer networking, the traffic engineering term Quality of Service (QoS) refers to control mechanisms that can provide different priority to different users or data flows, or guarantee a certain level of performance to a data flow in accordance with requests from the application program. Quality of Service guarantees are important if the network capacity is limited, especially for real-time streaming multimedia applications, for example voice over IP and IP-TV, since these often require fixed bit rate and may be delay sensitive.
Quality Practice Award The Quality Practice Award (QPA) is an award that is given to general practitioner practices in the United Kingdom to show recognition for high quality patient care by all members of staff in the team. It is awarded by the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP).
Quality start In the statistics of the team sport baseball, a quality start is awarded to a starting pitcher who completes at least six innings and permits no more than three earned runs. Developed by sportswriter John Lowe, the statistic is preferred by sabermetricians to that of winning percentage—the number of wins garnered by a pitcher as a fraction of his total starts—insofar as it acts independent of such factors beyond a pitcher's control as fielding errors, blown saves, and poor run support.
Quality storyboard A Quality storyboard is a visual method for displaying a Quality Control story (QC story). Some enterprises have developed a storyboard format for telling the QC story, for example at Yokogawa-Hewlett-Packard in Japan, the story is told using a flip chart which is 6 feet by 6 feet (2 x 2 meters).
Quality Spread Differential Quality Spread Differential (QSD) arises during an interest rate swap in which two parties of different levels of creditworthiness experience different levels of interest rates of debt obligations. A positive QSD means that a swap is in the interest of both parties.
Quality Standards Illustrated The eighth edition of the Quality Standards (QSI) (published by the Architectural Woodwork Institute) is a major revision in a line of Standards extending back to 1961. This is a voluntary standard, not legislated.
Quality without a name The quality without a name (QWAN) is a phrase used by Christopher Alexander in his book The Timeless Way of Building. In the book, Alexander describes a certain quality which we should seek, but which is unnamed:
Quality-of-life economics This article is about quality-of-life economics. This is an economic system wherein the poor lives under a minimum reasonable economic standard with access to utilities, shelter, food, clothing, transportation, communication, health-care with opportunity to grow into the lifestyle of the middle-class.
Qualla Boundary The Qualla Boundary is essentially the reservation of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians in North Carolina. While not technically a reservation—rather, a "land trust"—the Qualla Boundary is a Cherokee-controlled area.
Quam Heights Quam Heights () is a mostly snow-covered heights, 15 miles (24 km) long and 4 miles (6 km) wide, rising over 1,000 m and forming the coastline between the Barnett and Dennistoun Glaciers in northern Victoria Land. Mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.
Quamichan Quamichan is a traditional village of the Cowichan Indians, or First Nations, of the Cowichan Valley on Vancouver Island, in the area of the city of Duncan, British Columbia. In 1909, there were reported to be 260 people living in the village.
Quan "Meld" Nong Quan "Meld" Nong was the first singer for Slipknot, but only sang for the first year(1995). he is more widely known as the former guitarist for Slipknot in 1994 when the project first began under the nickname "Meld".
Quan fa Quan fa (Pinyin quánfǎ or Wade-Giles ch'üan2 fa3, 拳法 "fist principles") is a generic term used for open handed Chinese martial arts. This was the kind of boxing that influenced Okinawan karate, and is pronounced in Japanese as kempo.
Quan Yin Method The term Quan Yin Method was coined in the 1970s by Suma Ching Hai, a controversial spiritual teacher, to describe the type of meditation that she herself practices and teaches. The spelling is an idiosyncratic romanisation of a Chinese term said to be in English translation: “contemplation on the sound.
Quanah Crossland Stamps Quanah Crossland Stamps (born Quanah LeeAnn Crossland on June 11, 1963) is the US Commissioner of the Administration for Native Americans (ANA), a program office within the Department of Health and Human Services. Stamps, a Republican and member of the Cherokee Nation in Tahlequah, Oklahoma, was nominated by President George W.
Quanah Parker Quanah Parker (c. late 1840s - February 23, 1911) was a Native American leader, the son of Comanche chief Peta Nocona and "Anglo-Texan" Cynthia Ann Parker, and the last chief of the Quahadi Comanche Indians.
Quanary River The Quanary River is a river in Dominica. It rises on the northern slopes of Morne Trois Pitons, flowing northeast to reach the Atlantic Ocean on the country's central eastern coast, close to the town of Castle Bruce.
Quand Tu Reviendras Quand Tu Reviendras (English translation: "When Will You Come Back", sometimes attested ungrammatically as "When You Will Come Back") was the Belgian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1968, performed in French by Claude Lombard.
Quandel Group The Quandel Group is a construction services company with offices located throughout Pennsylvania and Ohio. The company specializes in the areas of healthcare, secondary & higher education, and government, as well as working in the private sector.
Quando Quango Quando Quango was a Manchester, England based new wave dance project formed by The Haçienda DJ and Factory Records A&R man Mike Pickering, Hillegonda Rietveld and Reinier Rietveld. Their unique sound influenced the underground dance music scenes in New York and Chicago in the 1980s.
Quandong Quandong (alternative spelling Quongdong, also called wild peach or desert peach) is the name given to three kinds of Australian wild bush plants (or bushtucker), of which two belong to the sandalwood genus (Santalum):
Quang khem The Quang khem ("slow-running deer") is a newly discovered animal resembling a deer, found in the Pu Mat region of Vietnam, close to Vu Quang. It first came to scientific attention through the work of biologist Nguyen Ngoc Chinh.
Quang Tri Province Quang Tri (in Vietnamese Quảng Trị ) is a province in the North Central Coast of Vietnam, next to the former capital of Huế. This is where the southernmost Chinese commandery of Rinan was centred during the Later Han dynasty (25-220 CE).
Quango The acronyms Qango and Quango, variously spelt out as QUAsi Non Governmental Organisation, Quasi-Autonomous Non-Governmental Organisation, and Quasi-Autonomous National Government Organisation have been used, notably in the United Kingdom, but also in Australia, Ireland and other countries, to describe a range of organisations to which governments have devolved power. Confusion over the meaning of the acronym has been reflected in confusion over the use of the term, and may have contributed to its decline in use.
Quanta Computers Quanta Computer Incorporated is a Taiwan-based manufacturer of notebook computers and other electronic hardware. It is the largest manufacturer of notebook computers in the world Its customers include Dell Computer], [[Compaq, Gateway Computers, Apple Computer, Hewlett Packard, IBM, Sony, Sharp Corporation, Toshiba, Fujitsu, Maxdata and Siemens AG.
Quanta Cura Quanta Cura was a Papal encyclical issued by Pope Pius IX on December 8, 1864, which condemned several propositions relating to freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and the separation of church and state. There was an earlier encyclical of the same title, issued in 1741 by Pope Benedict XIV, forbidding traffic in alms.
Quantal response equilibria Quantal response equilibria (QRE) are a game-theoretical formulation. First introduced by Richard McKelvey and Thomas Palfry in two papers (Quantal Response Equilibria for Normal Form Games and Quantal Response Equilibria for Extensive Form Games), it provides an alternative to Nash equilibria.
Quantale In mathematics, quantales are certain partially ordered algebraic structures that generalize locales (point free topologies) as well as various lattices of multiplicative ideals from ring theory and functional analysis (C*-algebras, von Neumann algebras). Quantales are sometimes referred to as complete residuated semigroups.
Quantcast Quantcast Corporation is an open Internet ratings service that compiles data on websites. The company offers free psychographic and demographic data about audiences including age, gender, income, ethnicity and other information.
Quantegy Quantegy Recording Solutions is a manufacturer of magnetic tape based in Opelika, Alabama. Their tape products are primarily used in analog audio and video recording studios, but they also have some use with digital data storage devices and instrumentation recorders.
Quantel Quantel is a company based in the United Kingdom and founded in 1973 that designs and manufactures digital production equipment for the broadcast television, video production and motion picture industries. They are headquartered in Newbury, Berkshire.
Quantel Mirage The Quantel Mirage, or DVM8000/1 "Digital Video Manipulator", was a digital real-time video effects processor introduced by Quantel in 1982. It was capable of warping a live video stream by texture mapping it onto an arbitrary three-dimensional shape, around which the viewer could freely rotate or zoom in real-time.
Quantel Paintbox The Quantel Paintbox is a dedicated computer system for performing real time manipulation of video, and creating graphics. Following its initial launch in 1981, it revolutionised the production of television graphics, and is still in widespread use today.
Quantex Quantex Microsystems was a direct-PC manufacturer based in Somerset, New Jersey founded in 1984. Although it never matched the sales volumes of the largest PC retailers, their products met wide acceptance by customers.
Quantian Quantian OS is a remastering of Knoppix/Debian for computational sciences. The environment is self-configuring and directly bootable cdrom/dvd that turns any pc or laptop (provided it can boot from cdrom/dvd) into a full-featured Linux workstation.
Quantic Dream Quantic Dream (founded 1997) is a French video game developer based in Paris, France, who also supply motion capture services to the film and video game industries. They launched their first title, Omikron: The Nomad Soul, in 1999 for PC and Dreamcast, which also featured original music and acts by musician David Bowie.
Quantico Creek Quantico Creek is a tidal tributary of the Potomac River located in eastern Prince William County, Virginia. Quantico Creek's source lies southeast of Independent Hill, flows through Prince William Forest Park and Dumfries and empties into the Potomac at Possum Point.
Quantico, Maryland Quantico, Maryland is a village located on the former stage route from Vienna, Maryland to the port of Whitehaven on the Wicomico River. It consists of approximately 35 homes on the Quantico Creek in Wicomico County.
Quantico, Virginia Quantico, Virginia is in Prince William County, 23 miles north-northeast of Fredericksburg, Virginia, near Dumfries and Stafford along Highway 619. It is totally surrounded by Marine Corps Base Quantico and the Potomac River.
Quantifiability Quantifiability is the degree to which a thing can be quantified, such as via measaurement or precise description in mathematics and science. In anything completely unquantifiable, precise definition is impossible, and any deductions made from such a description are of indeterminate truth.
Quantification In language and logic, quantification is a construct that specifies the extent of validity of a predicate, that is the extent to which a predicate holds over a range of things. A quantification imposes a limitation on the variables of a proposition.
Quantified boolean formula problem In computational complexity theory, the quantified boolean formula problem (QBF) is a generalization of the boolean satisfiability problem in which both existential quantifiers and universal quantifiers can be applied to each variable. Put another way, it asks whether a first-order logic sentential form over a set of boolean variables is true or false.
Quantile Quantiles are essentially points taken at regular intervals from the cumulative distribution function of a random variable. Dividing ordered data into q essentially equal-sized data subsets is the motivation for q-quantiles; the quantiles are the data values marking the boundaries between consecutive subsets.
Quantitative A quantitative property is one that exists in a range of magnitudes, and can therefore be measured. Measurements of any particular quantitative property are expressed as a specific quantity, referred to as a unit, multiplied by a number.
Quantitative analyst A quantitative analyst is a person who works in the financial markets developing mathematical models to assist the activities of traders and risk managers within banks and other large corporate institutions. Throughout the industry, such professionals are known as quants.
Quantitative Analysis Software (Finance) Quantitative Analysis Software is a relatively new method of investing which uses computerized artificial intelligence techniques to make decisions on the buying or selling of stocks, Bonds, or other financial assets. Usually managers monitor the software's decisions and can decide to override it.
Quantitative feedback theory Quantitative feedback theory (QFT), developed by Isaac Horowitz (Horowitz, 1963; Horowitz and Sidi, 1972), is a frequency domain technique utilising the Nichols chart (NC) in order to achieve a desired robust design over a specified region of plant uncertainty. Desired time-domain responses are translated into frequency domain tolerances, which lead to bounds (or constraints) on the loop transmission function.
Quantitative genetics Quantitative genetics is the study of continuous traits (such as height or weight) and its underlying mechanisms. It is effectively an extension of simple Mendelian inheritance in that the combined effect of the many underlying genes results in a continuous distribution of phenotypic values.
Quantitative history Quantitative history is an application of statistical methodology developed in social science into the field of history. This type of history is often ignored by historians who conceptualize history as a record of events and view the theoretical and quantitative analysis of these events with skepticism and sometimes disdain.
Quantitative marketing research Quantitative marketing research is the application of quantitative research techniques to the field of marketing. It has roots in both the positivist view of the world, and the modern marketing viewpoint that marketing is an interactive process in which both the buyer and seller reach a satisfying agreement on the "four P's" of marketing: Product, Price, Place (location) and Promotion.
Quantitative metathesis Quantitative metathesis (also "metathesis of quantity") is a technical phonological term which refers to a situation in which two vowel sounds follow directly one after the other — one being long and the other short — and a transposition of vowel length takes place, such that the formerly-long vowel becomes short, and the formerly-short vowel becomes long.
Quantitative no trump bids In natural bidding systems most no trump (NT) bids are made with balanced hands and within a narrowly defined high card point (HCP) range. In these systems, such as Acol and Standard American, NT bids are limit bids and therefore are not forcing.
Quantitative notrump bids Quantitative notrump bids is a bridge treatment whereby, following an opening bid of 1NT or 2NT, a response of 4NT is a slam try asking opener to bid 6NT with a maximum point count or to pass with the minimum; some partnerships use the intermediate reply of 5NT for a middle pointcount; thus in the Acol system (12-14 weak NT) following this bidding: 1NT - 4NT opener's rebids should be:
Quantitative polymerase chain reaction Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) is a modification of polymerase chain reaction used to rapidly measure the quantity of a product of polymerase chain reaction. It is preferably done in real-time, thus is an indirect method for quantitatively measuring starting amounts of DNA, complementary DNA or ribonucleic acid (RNA).
Quantitative psychological research Quantitative psychological research is psychological research which performs statistical estimation or statistical inference. This definition distinguishes it from qualitative psychological research; however, many psychologists do not acknowledge any real difference between quantitative and qualitative research.
Quantitative psychology Quantitative psychology is the application of statistical and mathematical methods to the study of psychology. This area of study is loosely divided into the subfields of psychometrics and mathematical psychology.
Quantitative research Quantitative research is the systematic scientific investigation of quantitative properties and phenomena and their relationships. Quantitative research is widely used in both the natural and social sciences, from physics and biology to sociology and journalism.
Qualifications and Curriculum Authority The Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) is an Executive Non-Departmental Public Body (NDPB) of the Department for Education and Skills in the United Kingdom. In England QCA maintains and develops the national curriculum and associated assessments, tests and examinations; and accredits and monitors qualifications in colleges and at work and advises the Secretary of State for Education and Skills on these matters.
Qualifications for a mujtahid A Mujtahid is an Islamic scholar, competent independently to interpret divine law in practical situations using Ijtihad, or independent thought. In some, but not all, Islamic traditions, a Mujtahid can specialise in a branch of Sharia - economic or family law for example.
Qualified domestic relations order A Qualified domestic relations order or QDRO is a legal order subsequent to a divorce that splits and changes ownership of a retirement plan to give the divorced spouse their share of the asset or pension plan. QDROs may grant ownership in the participant's (employee's) pension plan to an alternate payee, who must be a spouse, former spouse, child or other dependant of the participant.
Qualified Domestic Institutional Investor Also known as QDII, it is a scheme relating to the capital market set up to allow financial institutions to investment in offshore markets such as securities and bonds. Similar to QFII (Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor), it is a transitional arrangement which provides limited opportunities for domestic investors to access foreign markets at a stage where a country/territory’s currency is not traded or floated completely freely and where capital is not able to move completely freely in and out of the country.
Qualified immunity Qualified immunity is a doctrine in United States law providing immunity from suit to government officials performing discretionary functions when their action did not violate clearly established law. Qualified immunity was created by the U.
Qualified intermediary The Qualified Intermediary (also known as an Accommodator) should be a corporation that is in the full-time business of facilitating 1031 exchanges. The role of a QI is similar to, but not identical to, the role of an escrow company.
Qualified Institutional Buyer A Qualified Institutional Buyer in law is a purchaser of securities that is financially sophisticated and is legally recognized by security market regulators to need less protection from sellers than most members of the public. For mutual funds it is generally an investor that is investing a large amount of money and presumably also meets the legal conditions in the country where the fund is located.
Qualified Person Qualified Person (QP) is a technical term used in European Union pharmaceutical regulation (Directive 2001/20/EC). The regulations specify that no batch of medicinal product can be released for sale or supply prior to certification by a QP that the batch is in accordance with the relevant requirements.
Qualified Teacher Status Qualified Teacher Status (QTS) is required in England and Wales to become, and continue being, a teacher in the state and special education sectors. Similar statuses exist in the rest of the United Kingdom (Scotland and Northern Ireland), but under different names.
Qualiflyer Qualiflyer was the name of Swissair frequent flyer program created in April of 1992. When Swissair began acquiring stakes in other European airlines in 1998, Qualiflyer was extended to become their frequent-flyer programs as well.
Qualifying floating charge In English law, a qualifying floating charge is a floating charge which enables the holder to appoint an administrator or administrative receiver under the Insolvency Act 1986 without the need for an order of the court. The change was introduced by the Enterprise Act 2002, and was designated to streamline the process in relation to the appointment of an administrators (all floating charges historically had the power to appoint an administrative receiver).
Qualitative and quantitative Qualitative comparison, in chemistry, is comparing different substances' characteristics and attributes. Quantitative comparison, in chemistry, is comparing different substances' numerical amounts and quantities (hence the name).
Qualitative economics Qualitative economics refers to representation and analysis of information about the direction of change (+ or -) in some economic variable(s) as related to change of some other economic variable(s) (James Quirk, 1987, p. 1).
Qualitative forecasting There are a number of aids for use in support of qualitative forcasting, which - as compared with quantitative forecasting where statistical tecahniques can be used - is largely the province of individual judgement.
Qualitative inorganic analysis Classical qualitative inorganic analysis is a method of analytical chemistry which seeks to find elemental composition of inorganic compounds. It is mainly focused on detecting ions in an aqueous solution, so that materials in other forms may need to be brought into this state before using standard methods.
Qualitative invisibility In CAD/CAM, Quantitative Invisibility (QI) is the number of solid bodies obscuring a point in space as projected onto a plane (called [vector] hidden line removal used by the Vector format). Often, when a CAD engineer creates a projection of his model into a plane [the drawing], he wishes to denote the edges which are visible by a solid segment and those which are hidden by dashed or dimmed segments.
Qualitative marketing research Qualitative research is a set of research techniques, used in marketing and the social sciences, in which data are obtained from a relatively small group of respondents and not analyzed with statistical techniques. This differentiates it from quantitative research in which a large group of respondents provide data that are statistically analyzed.
Qualitative properties Qualitative properties are properties that are observed and can generally not be measured. It should be mentioned that qualitative properties are most of the time at least as important as quantitative properties.
Qualitative psychological research In psychology qualitative research has come to be defined as research whose findings are not arrived at by statistical or other quantitative procedures. This definition, however, is entirely negative, describing qualitative research by what it lacks rather than by what it possesses.
Qualitative research Qualitative research is one of the two major approaches to research methodology in social sciences. Qualitative research involves an indepth understanding of human behaviour and the reasons that govern human behaviour.
Qualitative Research Reports in Communication Qualitative Research Reports in Communication is a peer-reviewed annual academic journal sponsored by the Eastern Communication Association. It publishes research essays relating to human communication covering studies of intercultural, media, political, organizations, rhetorical, interpersonal and legal communication.
Qualitätswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete Qualitätswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete, more commonly abbreviated to QbA, is a category in the German wine classification, reserved for riper grapes than Deutscher Tafelwein and Deutscher Landwein but lower quality than Prädikat wines. The grapes may be chaptalized (have sugar added to increase final alcohol content).
Qualitätswein mit Prädikat Qualitätswein mit Prädikat usually abbreviated to QmP is the highest level in the German wine classification, to which almost all quality German wines belong. The wines must be produced from recognised grape varieties grown within one district, which must be declared on the label, and the grapes must reach a prescribed level of ripeness depending on the region and variety.
Quality and Reliability Engineering International Quality and Reliability Engineering International is a bimonthly technical journal focusing on engineering quality and reliability. This includes the quality and reliability components, equipment, and physics of failure.
Quality assessment Quality assessment includes evaluation, grading and measurement process to assess design, development, production, installation, servicing and documentation, includes the regulation of the quality of raw materials, assemblies, products and components.
Quality assurance Quality Assurance is the activity of providing evidence needed to establish confidence among all concerned, that the quality-related activities are being performed effectively. All those planned or systematic actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that a product or service will satisfy given requirements for quality.
Quality audit Quality audit means a systematic, independent examination of a quality system. Quality audits are typically performed at defined intervals and ensures that the institution has clearly-defined internal quality monitoring procedures linked to effective action.
Quality Assurance Review Center The Quality Assurance Review Center (QARC) is a publicly funded, not-for-profit healthcare organization located in Providence, Rhode Island. QARC provides radiotherapy quality assurance and diagnostic imaging data management to all of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) sponsored cooperative groups.
Quality Bus Corridor Quality Bus Corridors (QBC) are an initiative to give dedicated road space and traffic signal priority to buses in Dublin in order to reduce journey times and improve service consistency. The aim of the initiative is to encourage people to change from cars to buses and thus reduce traffic congestion.
Quality control In engineering and manufacturing, quality control and quality engineering are involved in developing systems to ensure products or services are designed and produced to meet or exceed customer requirements. These systems are often developed in conjunction with other business and engineering disciplines using a cross-functional approach.
Quality evolution chart The Quality Evolution Chart is a tool that helps document the needs and expectations of the ultimate customer - the consumer - and helps translate those needs into the operating conditions and specifications an organization needs to operate under to meet those expectations.
Quality Engineering Quality Engineering is a quarterly academic journal focusing on quality control and quality assurance management through use of physical technology, standards information, and statistical tools. The journal is co-published between American Society for Quality and Marcel Dekker, Inc.
Quality function deployment Quality function deployment or "QFD" is a flexible and comprehensive [decision making] technique used in [[Product (business)|product or service development, brand marketing, and product management. QFD can strongly help an organization focus on the critical characteristics of a new or existing product or service from the separate viewpoints of the customer market segments, company, or technology-development needs.
Quality Group Limited Quality Group Limited is Tanzania's largest conglomerate with 17 companies in the automotive, engineering products, international trade, logistic solutions and warehousing, real-estate development, food processing, consulting, transport, aluminium and fisheries sectors. It is a privately held company owned by the Manji family.
Quality Hill Quality Hill is an historic and upscale neighborhood in downtown Kansas City, Missouri, USA, on a 200-foot-high bluff that overlooks the confluence of the Kansas River and Missouri River in the West Bottoms below.
Quality improvement organizations Quality Improvement Organizations (QIOs) monitor the appropriateness, effectiveness, and quality of care provided to Medicare beneficiaries. They are private contractor extensions of the federal government that work under the auspices of the U.
Quality Improvement Agency The Quality Improvement Agency (QIA) is a QUANGO whose remit is to support those institutions that provide education, but which are not schools or universities. This covers a broad range of institutions, ranging from FE colleges, prison education, workplace training etc.
Quality management system A quality management system (QMS) is a system that outlines the policies and procedures necessary to improve and control the various processes that will ultimately lead to improved business performance. One of their purposes is quality control in manufacturing.
Quality Management System processes A Quality Management System process is a process which forms an element of the Quality Management System (QMS) of an organisation. The ISO9001:2000 standard requires organisations seeking compliance or certification to define the processes which form the QMS and the sequence and interaction of these processes.
Quality of experience Quality of Experience (QoE), In business terminology QoE is also known as "Quality of User Experience," and is a subjective measure of a customer's experiences with a vendor. It looks at a vendor's or purveyor's offering from the standpoint of the customer or end user, and asks, "What mix of goods, services, and support, do you think will provide you with the perception that the total product is providing you with the experience you desired and/or expected?
Quality of life economics This article is about quality-of-life economics. This is an economic system wherein the poor lives under a minimum reasonable economic standard with access to utilities, shelter, food, clothing, transportation, communication, health-care with opportunity to move into the lifestyle of the middle-class,the rich class and the super-rich class.
Quality of models Modeling is an integral part of many technical fields, including engineering, economics, and software engineering. In this context, a model is a formal representation of a physical system, such as a business model or a formal description of software in UML.
Quality of service In the fields of packet-switched networks and computer networking, the traffic engineering term Quality of Service (QoS) refers to control mechanisms that can provide different priority to different users or data flows, or guarantee a certain level of performance to a data flow in accordance with requests from the application program. Quality of Service guarantees are important if the network capacity is limited, especially for real-time streaming multimedia applications, for example voice over IP and IP-TV, since these often require fixed bit rate and may be delay sensitive.
Quality Practice Award The Quality Practice Award (QPA) is an award that is given to general practitioner practices in the United Kingdom to show recognition for high quality patient care by all members of staff in the team. It is awarded by the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP).
Quality start In the statistics of the team sport baseball, a quality start is awarded to a starting pitcher who completes at least six innings and permits no more than three earned runs. Developed by sportswriter John Lowe, the statistic is preferred by sabermetricians to that of winning percentage—the number of wins garnered by a pitcher as a fraction of his total starts—insofar as it acts independent of such factors beyond a pitcher's control as fielding errors, blown saves, and poor run support.
Quality storyboard A Quality storyboard is a visual method for displaying a Quality Control story (QC story). Some enterprises have developed a storyboard format for telling the QC story, for example at Yokogawa-Hewlett-Packard in Japan, the story is told using a flip chart which is 6 feet by 6 feet (2 x 2 meters).
Quality Spread Differential Quality Spread Differential (QSD) arises during an interest rate swap in which two parties of different levels of creditworthiness experience different levels of interest rates of debt obligations. A positive QSD means that a swap is in the interest of both parties.
Quality Standards Illustrated The eighth edition of the Quality Standards (QSI) (published by the Architectural Woodwork Institute) is a major revision in a line of Standards extending back to 1961. This is a voluntary standard, not legislated.
Quality without a name The quality without a name (QWAN) is a phrase used by Christopher Alexander in his book The Timeless Way of Building. In the book, Alexander describes a certain quality which we should seek, but which is unnamed:
Quality-of-life economics This article is about quality-of-life economics. This is an economic system wherein the poor lives under a minimum reasonable economic standard with access to utilities, shelter, food, clothing, transportation, communication, health-care with opportunity to grow into the lifestyle of the middle-class.
Qualla Boundary The Qualla Boundary is essentially the reservation of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians in North Carolina. While not technically a reservation—rather, a "land trust"—the Qualla Boundary is a Cherokee-controlled area.
Quam Heights Quam Heights () is a mostly snow-covered heights, 15 miles (24 km) long and 4 miles (6 km) wide, rising over 1,000 m and forming the coastline between the Barnett and Dennistoun Glaciers in northern Victoria Land. Mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.
Quamichan Quamichan is a traditional village of the Cowichan Indians, or First Nations, of the Cowichan Valley on Vancouver Island, in the area of the city of Duncan, British Columbia. In 1909, there were reported to be 260 people living in the village.
Quan "Meld" Nong Quan "Meld" Nong was the first singer for Slipknot, but only sang for the first year(1995). he is more widely known as the former guitarist for Slipknot in 1994 when the project first began under the nickname "Meld".
Quan fa Quan fa (Pinyin quánfǎ or Wade-Giles ch'üan2 fa3, 拳法 "fist principles") is a generic term used for open handed Chinese martial arts. This was the kind of boxing that influenced Okinawan karate, and is pronounced in Japanese as kempo.
Quan Yin Method The term Quan Yin Method was coined in the 1970s by Suma Ching Hai, a controversial spiritual teacher, to describe the type of meditation that she herself practices and teaches. The spelling is an idiosyncratic romanisation of a Chinese term said to be in English translation: “contemplation on the sound.
Quanah Crossland Stamps Quanah Crossland Stamps (born Quanah LeeAnn Crossland on June 11, 1963) is the US Commissioner of the Administration for Native Americans (ANA), a program office within the Department of Health and Human Services. Stamps, a Republican and member of the Cherokee Nation in Tahlequah, Oklahoma, was nominated by President George W.
Quanah Parker Quanah Parker (c. late 1840s - February 23, 1911) was a Native American leader, the son of Comanche chief Peta Nocona and "Anglo-Texan" Cynthia Ann Parker, and the last chief of the Quahadi Comanche Indians.
Quanary River The Quanary River is a river in Dominica. It rises on the northern slopes of Morne Trois Pitons, flowing northeast to reach the Atlantic Ocean on the country's central eastern coast, close to the town of Castle Bruce.
Quand Tu Reviendras Quand Tu Reviendras (English translation: "When Will You Come Back", sometimes attested ungrammatically as "When You Will Come Back") was the Belgian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1968, performed in French by Claude Lombard.
Quandel Group The Quandel Group is a construction services company with offices located throughout Pennsylvania and Ohio. The company specializes in the areas of healthcare, secondary & higher education, and government, as well as working in the private sector.
Quando Quango Quando Quango was a Manchester, England based new wave dance project formed by The Haçienda DJ and Factory Records A&R man Mike Pickering, Hillegonda Rietveld and Reinier Rietveld. Their unique sound influenced the underground dance music scenes in New York and Chicago in the 1980s.
Quandong Quandong (alternative spelling Quongdong, also called wild peach or desert peach) is the name given to three kinds of Australian wild bush plants (or bushtucker), of which two belong to the sandalwood genus (Santalum):
Quang khem The Quang khem ("slow-running deer") is a newly discovered animal resembling a deer, found in the Pu Mat region of Vietnam, close to Vu Quang. It first came to scientific attention through the work of biologist Nguyen Ngoc Chinh.
Quang Tri Province Quang Tri (in Vietnamese Quảng Trị ) is a province in the North Central Coast of Vietnam, next to the former capital of Huế. This is where the southernmost Chinese commandery of Rinan was centred during the Later Han dynasty (25-220 CE).
Quango The acronyms Qango and Quango, variously spelt out as QUAsi Non Governmental Organisation, Quasi-Autonomous Non-Governmental Organisation, and Quasi-Autonomous National Government Organisation have been used, notably in the United Kingdom, but also in Australia, Ireland and other countries, to describe a range of organisations to which governments have devolved power. Confusion over the meaning of the acronym has been reflected in confusion over the use of the term, and may have contributed to its decline in use.
Quanta Computers Quanta Computer Incorporated is a Taiwan-based manufacturer of notebook computers and other electronic hardware. It is the largest manufacturer of notebook computers in the world Its customers include Dell Computer], [[Compaq, Gateway Computers, Apple Computer, Hewlett Packard, IBM, Sony, Sharp Corporation, Toshiba, Fujitsu, Maxdata and Siemens AG.
Quanta Cura Quanta Cura was a Papal encyclical issued by Pope Pius IX on December 8, 1864, which condemned several propositions relating to freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and the separation of church and state. There was an earlier encyclical of the same title, issued in 1741 by Pope Benedict XIV, forbidding traffic in alms.
Quantal response equilibria Quantal response equilibria (QRE) are a game-theoretical formulation. First introduced by Richard McKelvey and Thomas Palfry in two papers (Quantal Response Equilibria for Normal Form Games and Quantal Response Equilibria for Extensive Form Games), it provides an alternative to Nash equilibria.
Quantale In mathematics, quantales are certain partially ordered algebraic structures that generalize locales (point free topologies) as well as various lattices of multiplicative ideals from ring theory and functional analysis (C*-algebras, von Neumann algebras). Quantales are sometimes referred to as complete residuated semigroups.
Quantcast Quantcast Corporation is an open Internet ratings service that compiles data on websites. The company offers free psychographic and demographic data about audiences including age, gender, income, ethnicity and other information.
Quantegy Quantegy Recording Solutions is a manufacturer of magnetic tape based in Opelika, Alabama. Their tape products are primarily used in analog audio and video recording studios, but they also have some use with digital data storage devices and instrumentation recorders.
Quantel Quantel is a company based in the United Kingdom and founded in 1973 that designs and manufactures digital production equipment for the broadcast television, video production and motion picture industries. They are headquartered in Newbury, Berkshire.
Quantel Mirage The Quantel Mirage, or DVM8000/1 "Digital Video Manipulator", was a digital real-time video effects processor introduced by Quantel in 1982. It was capable of warping a live video stream by texture mapping it onto an arbitrary three-dimensional shape, around which the viewer could freely rotate or zoom in real-time.
Quantel Paintbox The Quantel Paintbox is a dedicated computer system for performing real time manipulation of video, and creating graphics. Following its initial launch in 1981, it revolutionised the production of television graphics, and is still in widespread use today.
Quantex Quantex Microsystems was a direct-PC manufacturer based in Somerset, New Jersey founded in 1984. Although it never matched the sales volumes of the largest PC retailers, their products met wide acceptance by customers.
Quantian Quantian OS is a remastering of Knoppix/Debian for computational sciences. The environment is self-configuring and directly bootable cdrom/dvd that turns any pc or laptop (provided it can boot from cdrom/dvd) into a full-featured Linux workstation.
Quantic Dream Quantic Dream (founded 1997) is a French video game developer based in Paris, France, who also supply motion capture services to the film and video game industries. They launched their first title, Omikron: The Nomad Soul, in 1999 for PC and Dreamcast, which also featured original music and acts by musician David Bowie.
Quantico Creek Quantico Creek is a tidal tributary of the Potomac River located in eastern Prince William County, Virginia. Quantico Creek's source lies southeast of Independent Hill, flows through Prince William Forest Park and Dumfries and empties into the Potomac at Possum Point.
Quantico, Maryland Quantico, Maryland is a village located on the former stage route from Vienna, Maryland to the port of Whitehaven on the Wicomico River. It consists of approximately 35 homes on the Quantico Creek in Wicomico County.
Quantico, Virginia Quantico, Virginia is in Prince William County, 23 miles north-northeast of Fredericksburg, Virginia, near Dumfries and Stafford along Highway 619. It is totally surrounded by Marine Corps Base Quantico and the Potomac River.
Quantifiability Quantifiability is the degree to which a thing can be quantified, such as via measaurement or precise description in mathematics and science. In anything completely unquantifiable, precise definition is impossible, and any deductions made from such a description are of indeterminate truth.
Quantification In language and logic, quantification is a construct that specifies the extent of validity of a predicate, that is the extent to which a predicate holds over a range of things. A quantification imposes a limitation on the variables of a proposition.
Quantified boolean formula problem In computational complexity theory, the quantified boolean formula problem (QBF) is a generalization of the boolean satisfiability problem in which both existential quantifiers and universal quantifiers can be applied to each variable. Put another way, it asks whether a first-order logic sentential form over a set of boolean variables is true or false.
Quantile Quantiles are essentially points taken at regular intervals from the cumulative distribution function of a random variable. Dividing ordered data into q essentially equal-sized data subsets is the motivation for q-quantiles; the quantiles are the data values marking the boundaries between consecutive subsets.
Quantitative A quantitative property is one that exists in a range of magnitudes, and can therefore be measured. Measurements of any particular quantitative property are expressed as a specific quantity, referred to as a unit, multiplied by a number.
Quantitative analyst A quantitative analyst is a person who works in the financial markets developing mathematical models to assist the activities of traders and risk managers within banks and other large corporate institutions. Throughout the industry, such professionals are known as quants.
Quantitative Analysis Software (Finance) Quantitative Analysis Software is a relatively new method of investing which uses computerized artificial intelligence techniques to make decisions on the buying or selling of stocks, Bonds, or other financial assets. Usually managers monitor the software's decisions and can decide to override it.
Quantitative feedback theory Quantitative feedback theory (QFT), developed by Isaac Horowitz (Horowitz, 1963; Horowitz and Sidi, 1972), is a frequency domain technique utilising the Nichols chart (NC) in order to achieve a desired robust design over a specified region of plant uncertainty. Desired time-domain responses are translated into frequency domain tolerances, which lead to bounds (or constraints) on the loop transmission function.
Quantitative genetics Quantitative genetics is the study of continuous traits (such as height or weight) and its underlying mechanisms. It is effectively an extension of simple Mendelian inheritance in that the combined effect of the many underlying genes results in a continuous distribution of phenotypic values.
Quantitative history Quantitative history is an application of statistical methodology developed in social science into the field of history. This type of history is often ignored by historians who conceptualize history as a record of events and view the theoretical and quantitative analysis of these events with skepticism and sometimes disdain.
Quantitative marketing research Quantitative marketing research is the application of quantitative research techniques to the field of marketing. It has roots in both the positivist view of the world, and the modern marketing viewpoint that marketing is an interactive process in which both the buyer and seller reach a satisfying agreement on the "four P's" of marketing: Product, Price, Place (location) and Promotion.
Quantitative metathesis Quantitative metathesis (also "metathesis of quantity") is a technical phonological term which refers to a situation in which two vowel sounds follow directly one after the other — one being long and the other short — and a transposition of vowel length takes place, such that the formerly-long vowel becomes short, and the formerly-short vowel becomes long.
Quantitative no trump bids In natural bidding systems most no trump (NT) bids are made with balanced hands and within a narrowly defined high card point (HCP) range. In these systems, such as Acol and Standard American, NT bids are limit bids and therefore are not forcing.
Quantitative notrump bids Quantitative notrump bids is a bridge treatment whereby, following an opening bid of 1NT or 2NT, a response of 4NT is a slam try asking opener to bid 6NT with a maximum point count or to pass with the minimum; some partnerships use the intermediate reply of 5NT for a middle pointcount; thus in the Acol system (12-14 weak NT) following this bidding: 1NT - 4NT opener's rebids should be:
Quantitative polymerase chain reaction Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) is a modification of polymerase chain reaction used to rapidly measure the quantity of a product of polymerase chain reaction. It is preferably done in real-time, thus is an indirect method for quantitatively measuring starting amounts of DNA, complementary DNA or ribonucleic acid (RNA).
Quantitative psychological research Quantitative psychological research is psychological research which performs statistical estimation or statistical inference. This definition distinguishes it from qualitative psychological research; however, many psychologists do not acknowledge any real difference between quantitative and qualitative research.
Quantitative psychology Quantitative psychology is the application of statistical and mathematical methods to the study of psychology. This area of study is loosely divided into the subfields of psychometrics and mathematical psychology.
Quantitative research Quantitative research is the systematic scientific investigation of quantitative properties and phenomena and their relationships. Quantitative research is widely used in both the natural and social sciences, from physics and biology to sociology and journalism.
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