Encyclopedia

Reaction Records Reaction Records was a British record label run by music executive Robert Stigwood in 1966 and 1967. Although Reaction released only three albums, one EP and 18 singles in its brief existence, its roster included two of the most popular British bands of the time, The Who and Cream.
Reaction Research Society Based in the Southern California desert, the Reaction Research Society is the oldest continuously operating amateur experimental rocket group in the United States. Founded by George James on 6 January 1943, originally as the Southern California Rocket Society, the organization's name was changed to the Glendale Rocket Society two months later.
Reaction shot A reaction shot is a term used in motion picture production and cinematography referring to a basic unit of film grammar in which an actor or actors are shown reacting to another actor's action or words, or to an event supposedly witnessed by the reacting character(s).
Reaction step A reaction step of a chemical reaction is defined as: "An elementary reaction, constituting one of the stages of a stepwise reaction in which a reaction intermediate (or, for the first step, the reactants) is converted into the next reaction intermediate (or, for the last step, the products) in the sequence of intermediates between reactants and products".IUPAC] [[Gold Book definition of reaction step]
Reaction to officiating in Super Bowl XL The officiating in Super Bowl XL was met with harsh criticism from both the fans and the media soon after the game. Some columnists decried the officiating for costing the Seattle Seahawks the game, while other columnists and the National Football League said the calls were largely correct.
Reaction to the 2005-2006 Fijian political crisis The crisis that saw a virtual breakdown in relations between Fiji's government and military forces in late 2005 and early 2006, generated fears of civil unrest and even a military coup. The dismissing of Lieutenant Colonel Jone Baledrokadroka, the Acting Land Force Commander, for alleged insubordination on 12 January 2006 was coupled with unusual deployments of troops and naval vessels.
Reaction wood Reaction wood is formed in response to mechanical stress, and helps to position newly formed parts of the plant in an optimal position. Reaction wood forms when a woody plant part is subjected to mechanical stress.
Reactionary Reactionary (or reactionist) is a political epithet, generally used as a pejorative, originally applied in the context of the French Revolution to counter-revolutionaries who wished to restore the real or imagined conditions of the monarchical Ancien RĂ©gime. Through the 19th century, it was used to refer to those who wished to preserve feudalism or aristocratic privilege against industrialism, republicanism, liberalism and in some cases socialism.
Reactionless drive A reactionless drive or inertial propulsion engine (also reactionless thruster, reactionless engine, and inertia drive) is any form of propulsion not based around expulsion of fuel or reaction mass - the name comes from Newton's Third Law of Motion, usually expressed as, "For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction." Such a drive would use a hypothetical form of thrust that does not require any outside force or net momentum exchange to produce linear motion.
Reactions on surfaces By reactions on surfaces it is understood reactions in which at least one of the steps of the reaction mechanism is the adsorption of one or more reactants. The mechanisms for these reactions, and the rate equations are of extreme importance for heterogeneous catalysis
Reactive armour Reactive armour is a type of vehicle armour that reacts in some way to the impact of a weapon to reduce the damage done to the vehicle being protected. It is most effective in protecting against shaped charges and long rod penetrators.
Reactive center A reactive center in chemistry is a particular location, usually an atom, within a chemical compound that is the likely center of a reaction in which the chemical is involved. In chain-growth polymer chemistry this is also the point of propagation for a growing chain.
Reactive distillation Reactive distillation is a process where the chemical reactor is also the still. Separation of the product from the reaction mixture does not need a separate distillation step, which saves energy (for heating) and materials.
Reactive dye printing Reactive dye printing is a method of printing a dye or wax by using mixes thereof to create colors. With a binder and a heat-activated printing additive, images can be permanently bonded to the substrate (typically textiles, but can include cellulose, fibers, polyester, and even proteins).
Reactive hypoglycemia Reactive hypoglycemia is a medical term describing recurrent episodes of symptomatic hypoglycemia occurring 2-4 hours after a high carbohydrate meal (or oral glucose load). It is thought to represent a consequence of excessive insulin release triggered by the carbohydrate meal but continuing past the digestion and disposal of the glucose derived from the meal.
Reactive magnesia Reactive magnesia is also variously known as caustic calcined magnesia, caustic magnesia or CCM. The temperature of firing has a greater influence on reactivity than grind size as excess energy goes into lattice energy.
Reactive oxygen species Reactive oxygen species (ROS) include oxygen ions, free radicals and peroxides both inorganic and organic. They are generally very small molecules and are highly reactive due to the presence of unpaired valence shell electrons.
Reactive search Reactive search is the common name for a family of optimization algorithms based on the local search techniques. It refers to a class of heuristics that automatically adjust their working parameters during the optimization phase.
Reactivity series In chemistry, the reactivity series is a series of metals, in order of reactivity from highest to lowest. It is used to determine the products of single displacement reactions, whereby metal A will replace another metal B in a solution if A is higher in the series.
Reactivity–selectivity principle In chemistry the reactivity–selectivity principle or RSP states that a more reactive chemical compound or reactive intermediate is less selective in chemical reactions. In this context selectivity represents the ratio of reaction rates.
Reactome Reactome is an online bioinformatics database of human biology described in molecular terms. It is an on-line encyclopedia of core human pathways - DNA replication, transcription, translation, the cell cycle, metabolism, and signaling cascades - and can be browsed to retrieve up-to-date information about a topic of interest, e.
Reactor operator A reactor operator (or nuclear reactor operator) is an individual at a nuclear power plant who is responsible for directly controlling a nuclear reactor from a control panel and is the only individual at a nuclear power plant who can directly alter significant amounts of reactor reactivity. A reactor operator is a position of great responsibility that may require him or her to start up a nuclear reactor, shut down a critical nuclear reactor, monitor reactor parameters, or respond to a casualty of the nuclear reactor.
Reactor protective system A reactor protective system (RPS) is a set of components in a nuclear power plant designed to safely shutdown the reactor and prevent the release of radioactive materials. The system can "trip" automatically (initiating a Scram), or it can be tripped by the operators.
ReactOS ReactOS is a project to develop a free software/open-source operating system that is binary-compatible with Microsoft Windows NT/XP and Windows Server 2003 applications and device drivers. Although the project currently is in the alpha development stage, many Windows programs already work well.
ReacTable The reacTable is an electro-acoustic music instrument with a tabletop Tangible User Interface that has been developed within the Music Technology Group at the Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Barcelona, Spain. It consists of a translucent table with a projector and a video camera underneath it.
Read Between the Lies Read Between the Lies was the first novel by Emmy-winning author, Lori Bryant-Woolridge. Featured in Essence magazine, among other publications, Read Between the Lies proved well-reviewed and a strong seller in both hard- and paperback formats.
Read Bridge Read Bridge (Chinese: 李德桥) is a beam-structured bridge located at Clarke Quay within the Singapore River Planning Area in Singapore. The bridge crosses the Singapore River linking Clarke Quay to Swissôtel Merchant Court.
Read family of Delaware The Read family of Delaware were a prominent political family in the 18th and 19th centuries in Delaware, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. It was founded by John Read, a wealthy Englishman who was one of the founders of Chestertown, Maryland.
Read It and Weep Read It and Weep, previously titled How My Private, Personal Journal Became A Bestseller is a Disney Channel Original Movie which premiered on July 21, 2006. It is the 66th DCOM and is based on the novel by Julia DeVillers.
Read or Dream Read or Dream (Shin Read or Die) is a manga about the "Three Sisters Detective Agency," Anita King, Michelle Cheung and Maggie Mui. Also called the "Paper Sisters," Maggie, Michelle, and Anita are papermasters, meaning they can telekinetically manipulate paper to do anything they want, such as creating bulletproof shields and razor sharp swords.
Read Street, Rockingham Read Street is a main road and suburban distributor in Rockingham south of Perth, and runs through or alongside the suburbs of Rockingham, Cooloongup, Safety Bay and Waikiki, linking them to the Rockingham City shopping centre. It ends in a roundabout at Safety Bay Road and becomes Warnbro Sound Avenue at that point.
Read the Bills Act The Read the Bills Act is a piece on legislation that was written by Downsize DC, a non-profit organization focused on decreasing the size of the federal government. The focus of the Read the Bills Act is to require Congress to read the legislation that they pass.
Read's Island Read's Island, situated just outside the Ancholme sluice, some suggest is an artificial island. However, the site of the current Read's Island was for very many years a large sandbank going by the name of "Old Warp" and is shown on the 1734 Customs Map of the Humber where Read's Island now lays, and extending further downstream.
Read-2-Lead Classic The "Read-2-Lead Classic" was an attempt to help the struggling San Jose State University football team achieve average attendance of 15,000 to retain NCAA Division I-A status. With an emphasis on literacy, the university hosted a series of events in September 2004, including a conversation with comedian Bill Cosby and a concert by Boyz II Men.
Read-eval-print loop A read-eval-print loop (REPL), also known as an interactive toplevel, is a simple, interactive computer programming environment. The term is most usually used to refer to a Lisp interactive environment, but can be applied to the similar environments for Python, BASIC, Scheme, and other languages as well.
Read-only memory Read-only memory (often referred to as its acronym ROM) is a class of storage media used in computers and other electronic devices. Because it cannot (easily) be written to, its main uses lie in the distribution of firmware (software that is very closely related to hardware, and not likely to need frequent upgrading).
Read-through In the context of film production, the read-through is an organized table reading of the screenplay by the actors with speaking parts. An additional professional actor not otherwise involved in the production is usually hired to read the non-dialogue parts of the script such as scene headings and action.
Readability survey A readability survey is a statistical survey of the ability of people to read given passages of text, written, formatted and/or layed-out in a variety of [The intent is to discover which are the preferrable styles to use in order to maximise the ability of the reading audience] to receive the intended message.
Readability test Readability tests are formulaic protocols for evaluating the readability of text, which may be used instead of conducting an actual statistical survey of human readers, or perhaps may be used in conducting such a survey, known as a readability survey.
Readalong Readalong was an educational, Canadian television program for young children, first produced in 1976 for TVOntario. The program taught fundamentals of reading with the help of live child actors and puppets, including a comically dressed grandmother figure named Granny and anthropomorphic footwear: a brown, male boot and pink, female shoe named, appropriately, Boot and Pretty.
Reader (academic rank) In the academic hierarchy in the United Kingdom and some universities in Australia and New Zealand, Reader is the rank between senior lecturer (or principal lecturer in the New Universities) and professor. The title of Reader is given in recognition of research and scholarship.
Reader development Reader development refers to professional work designed to encourage reading and deepen the enjoyment of individual readers. It is a broad label given mainly in the United Kingdom to an area of professional practice within the library and education sectors.
Reader model A reader model is an abstract, generic, idealized, simplified, or typical case of an intended reader, that is, a member of a target audience. By the usual extension in the meaning of the word model, the term reader model may refer additionally to an associated theory that provides a description of an intended reader.
Reader model (person) A reader model is a non-professional model who appears as a reader for various purposes of women's magazines particularly in Japan, Japanese fashion magazines that use reader models include JJ, Bis, Monthly Classy Magazine.
Reader service card A reader service card or bingo card is a reply card inserted in a magazine and used by readers to request free samples and literature from businesses who advertised in the issue. Many advertisers are listed on the reply card.
Reader's advisory Reader's advisory is simply the act of suggesting to a reader, based on the reader's preferences, what other material s/he might like to read next. The term is widely used in library settings; librarians read and hear reviews in the course of their work, so they are generally knowledgeable about what reading material is available.
Reader's Digest Condensed Books Reader's Digest Condensed Books were a series of anthology books, available by subscription and originally published quarterly (the frequency of publication went through several changes over the years), by Reader's Digest. Each volume consisted of three to five current bestselling books — typically novels — selected by Digest editors, and carefully edited (or "condensed") for length and content.
Reader's Digest Select Editions A series of hardcover anthology books, published bi-monthly and available by subscription, from Reader's Digest. Each volume consists of four to five current bestselling novels, selected by Digest editors, and carefully edited (or "condensed") to shorter form to accommodate the anthology format.
Reader's Theatre Reader's Theater is a style of theatre in which the actors do not need to memorize their lines. Rather, they either go through their blocking holding scripts and reading off their lines, or else sit/stand together on a stage and read through the script together.
Reader, West Virginia Reader is an unincorporated community located in Wetzel County, West Virginia, USA. It was named either for Benjamin Reader who "traded a bay mare and a ten gallon copper kettle for the land", or for Jacob Reader.
Readercon Readercon is an annual science fiction convention, held every July in the Boston, MA area (most recently in Burlington, MA). It was founded by Bob Colby and Eric Van in the 1980s with the goal of focusing exclusively on science fiction in the written form (on the rare occasion that there is a discussion held about non-written science fiction, it will have a tongue-in-cheek title such as "Our biannual media panel").
Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature The Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature is a reference guide to recently published articles in periodical magazines and scholarly journals, organized by article subject. It has been published regularly since 1901 by the H.
Readers-writer lock In computer science, a readers-writer lock (also known by the name multi-reader lock, or by typographical variants such as readers/writers lock) is a synchronization primitive that solves one of the readers-writers problems. A readers-writer lock is like a mutex, in that it controls access to some shared memory area, but it allows multiple threads to read from the shared area concurrently.
Readers-writers problem In computer science, the first and second readers-writers problems are examples of a common computing problem in concurrency. The two problems deal with situations in which many threads must access the same shared memory at one time, some reading and some writing, with the natural constraint that no process may access the share for reading or writing while another process is in the act of writing to it.
Readiness for enhanced spiritual well-being The nursing diagnosis readiness for enhanced spiritual well-being is defined as an "ability to experience and integrate meaning and purpose in life through a person's connectedness with self, others art, music, literature, nature, or a power greater than oneself." (Anonymous, 2002, p.
Reading (activity) Reading is a process of retrieving and comprehending some form of stored information or ideas. These ideas are usually some sort of representation of language, such as symbols to be examined by sight, or by touch (for example Braille).
Reading (technical) Reading is an action performed by computers, to acquire data from a source and place it into their volatile memory for processing. For example, a computer may read information off a floppy disk and store it in random access memory to be placed on the hard drive to be processed at a future date.
Reading 2101 Reading 2101 is a 4-8-4 steam locomotive originally operated by the Reading Company. In 1975, the locomotive was the first to pull the second American Freedom Train, which began touring the continental United States on April 1.
Reading and Leeds Festivals The Reading and Leeds Festivals, officially called the Carling Weekend, are a pair of annual music festivals that take place in Reading and Leeds in England. The events both happen on the bank holiday weekend in August (on Friday, Saturday, Sunday), and share the same bill (usually with one or two exceptions.
Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups The Reading and Leeds Festivals, officially called the Carling Weekend, are a pair of annual music festivals that take place in Reading and Leeds in England. The events both happen on the bank holiday weekend in August (on Friday, Saturday, Sunday), and share the same bill (occasionally with one or two exceptions).
Reading Abbey Reading Abbey is a large, ruined abbey in the centre of the town of Reading, in the English county of Berkshire. It was founded by Henry I in 1121 "for the salvation of my soul, and the souls of King William, my father, and of King William, my brother, and Queen Maud, my wife, and all my ancestors and successors".
Reading Blue Coat School Reading Blue Coat School is a boys' secondary school located in Holme Park at Sonning-on-Thames, England, which includes a co-educational sixth form. It was established in 1646 by Richard Aldworth, who named it "Aldworth’s Hospital".
Reading Blue Mountain and Northern Railroad The Reading Blue Mountain and Northern Railroad, also known as the Reading and Northern Railroad, is a regional railroad in eastern Pennsylvania that operates over 300 miles of track. It has two main lines - the Reading Division from Reading to Packerton and the Lehigh Division from Packerton to Mehoopany.
Reading Borough Police The Reading Borough Police was a police force for the borough of Reading in the United Kingdom. The force was created in 1836, at which time it had a strength of 30 constables, two sergeants and two inspectors.
Reading Bridge Reading Bridge is a road bridge over the River Thames at Reading in the English county of Berkshire. The bridge links the centre of Reading on the south bank with the Lower Caversham area of the cross-river suburb, and former village, of Caversham on the north bank.
Reading comprehension for special needs Reading comprehension for special needs is a modified way of reading to accommodate the specific needs of a child who may suffer from a language impairment. In conjunction with an audiologist, occupational therapist, and special education teachers, a team of caregivers can coordinate special reading comprehension assistance based on a child's particular special needs.
Reading copy The reading copy of a book is usually well-used, may include highlighting or marginalia, and is suitable for reading, but is usually not collectible. This is a term used in the used book business, to indicate the lack of collectible value, while claiming that the book is in sufficiently good condition for a purchaser whose interest is primarily in actually reading the book.
Reading Capital Reading Capital (Lire le Capital) is a 1965 work of Marxist philosophy and theory. The book collects essays developed by Louis Althusser and his students in a seminar on Karl Marx's Das Kapital which took place earlier in 1965.
Reading Classic The Reading Classic is an annual bicycle road racing event held in Reading, Pennsylvania. In its inaugural year, the 2006 Reading Classic is part of the Commerce Bank Triple Crown of Cycling on the United States' Pro Cycling Tour (PCT).
Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives The Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives reads bills, motions, and other papers before the House and keeps track of changes to legislation made on the floor. During the vote for Speaker at the beginning of each Congress, or when the electronic voting system fails, the clerk calls the roll of members for voting viva voce.
Reading Company The Reading Company , usually called the Reading Railroad, and officially known as the Philadelphia and Reading Rail Road and then the Philadelphia and Reading Railway until 1924, operated in southeast Pennsylvania and neighboring states. Contrary to its spelling, it is actually pronounced 'redding'.
Reading Difficulties and Dyslexia Overcoming Reading Difficulties, Disabilities and Dyslexia Reading difficulties have a common source -- problems processing spoken words hinder a student’s ability to translate written words into speech. Regardless of age, subtle auditory or phonological (speech sound) processing issues hinder reading.
Reading East (UK Parliament constituency) Reading East is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like all such constituencies, it elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.
Reading Evening Post The Reading Evening Post is an English local evening newspaper covering Reading and surrounding areas. The paper is published five times a week, on Monday through Friday, in tabloid form, and has a circulation of about 18,400
Reading Fans Reading Football Club were the first football club to register their own fans as an official member of their squad, in recognition of the fact that the supporters in the stadium on a match day can sometimes influence the match just as much as a player on the pitch.
Reading First Reading First is a federal education program in the United States mandated under the No Child Left Behind Act and administered by the Department of Education which requires that schools funded by Reading First use "scientifically-based" reading instruction.
Reading Fringe Festival The Reading Fringe Festival was started in 2005 in Reading, Berkshire, after a group of musicians decided to put on events in the week running up to the Carling Reading Festival. The festival rapidly expanded to become an event in itself that included Art and Dance as well.
Reading Knights The Reading Knights are a member of the British Collegiate American Football League (BCAFL)'s Southern Conference-Southern Division. The Knights are a founding member of the BCAFL's Southern Conference and are one of the oldest and least successful BCAFL teams.
Reading machine A reading machine is a piece of Assistive Technology that allows blind people to access printed materials. It scans text, converts the image into text by means of optical character recognition and uses a speech synthesizer to read out what it has found.
Reading Memorial High School Reading Memorial High School (RMHS) is a four year public high school located in Reading, Massachusetts. The school has a student body of over 1,294 (2005-06) drawn from Parker Middle School and Coolidge Middle School.
Reading Minster Reading Minster, or the Minster Church of St Mary the Virgin as it is more properly known, is the oldest ecclesiastical foundation in Reading, Berkshire. Although eclipsed in importance by the later Reading Abbey, Reading Minster has regained its importance since the destruction of the Abbey and is now the seat of the Bishop of Reading.
Reading Motivation Reading motivation is the motivational drive to read, an area of interest in the field of education. Studying and implementing the conditions under which students are motivated to read is important in the process of teaching and fostering learning.
Reading Motivation Questionnaire Reading Motivation Questionnaire (RMQ) is a psychological test designed to assess one's extent of intrinsic (reading for own interest) and extrinsic (reading for other's interest) motivation to read the text books. It includes 7 subtests.
Reading path A reading path is a term used by Gunther Kress in Literacy in the New Media Age (2003). According to Kress, a professor of English Education at the University of London, a reading path is the way that the text, or text plus other features, can determine or order the way that we read it.
Reading Phillies The Reading Phillies are an Eastern League team based in Reading, Pennsylvania. Since the 1967 season, they have played in the South Division of the Eastern League, and are the AA affiliate of the Philadelphia Phillies.
Reading Power Station, Israel The Reading Power Station is a power station supplying electrical power to the Tel Aviv area in central Israel. It is located at the mouth of the Yarqon River, and was built in 1938 during the British Mandate of Palestine.
Reading railway station Reading (formerly Reading General) is a railway station in the large town of Reading in south central England. It is situated on the northern edge of the town centre, some 5 minutes' walk from the main retail and commercial areas, and close to the River Thames.
Reading readiness Reading readiness has been defined as the point in which a person is ready to read and the time over which a person transitions from a non-reader to a reader. Other terms for reading readiness include early literacy and emergent reading.
Reading Rage Reading Rage are an American soccer team, founded in 1996. The team is a member of the United Soccer Leagues Premier Development League (PDL), the fourth tier of the American Soccer Pyramid, and plays in the Mid-Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference against teams from Charleston, Fredericksburg, Ocean City, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Williamsburg, Wilmington and Woodbridge.
Reading Rainbow Reading Rainbow is an acclaimed American children's television series aired by PBS since 1983 that encourages reading among children. Each episode centers on a theme from a book or other children's literature which is explored through a number of segments or stories.
Reading Recovery Reading Recovery is a supplementary education program that aims to offer the lowest-achieving first-grade children an effective method of English language reading and writing instruction. It was designed to compromise between the two "schools" of beginning reading education, intensive phonics instruction and the whole language approach.
Reading Royals The Reading Royals are an ECHL ice hockey team located in Reading, Pennsylvania , USA . The team in the North Division of the ECHL's American Conference and are affiliated with the Manchester Monarchs of the AHL and the Los Angeles Kings of the NHL .
Reading series A reading series is a recurring public literary event featuring writers reading from their work to a live audience. Some reading series are curated, some have themes, and some also feature music or other multimedia collaborations.
Reading school student council The Reading School Student Council is a council of elected students from Reading School, one from each form from each year from 7 to 11, which discusses and debates matters which they and their forms feel are important to the school and its community.
Reading School Reading School is a grammar school in the town of Reading, Berkshire, England. It is a single-sex boys' school, which selects all of its incoming students on the basis of examined ability, usually at age 11, with a few entrants at 13 and 16.
Reading South (UK Parliament constituency) Reading South was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.
Reading Terminal The Reading Terminal is a complex located in the Market East section of Center City in the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. The complex is composed of three parts: the Reading Terminal Headhouse, the Reading Terminal Trainshed, and the Reading Terminal Market.
Reading Terminal Market Reading Terminal Market is an enclosed farmers' market found at 12th and Arch Streets in downtown Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Over 80 merchants offer fresh produce, meats, fish, groceries, flowers, baked goods, crafts, books, clothing, and specialty and ethnic foods.
Reading The Cards Reading The Cards is a magic effect in which the magician shows the bottom card of the deck to the audience, announcing its name. He then puts the deck behind his back and brings it forward again, showing a different card on the bottom, and announces the name of the new bottom card.
Reading Transport Reading Transport is a bus operator serving the towns of Reading, Newbury and the surrounding area in the English county of Berkshire. The company is wholly owned by Reading Borough Council and operates under the brands Reading Buses, Newbury Buses and Goldline Travel.

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