Encyclopedia

Recognition Primed Decision The Recognition-Primed Decision (RPD) model was described by Gary Klein in order to explain how people can make relatively fast decisions without having to compare options. Previously, decision researchers had argued that unless people used some sort of decision analysis or multi-attribute utility analysis, their decisions would be inadequate and prone to biases.
Recognition strike A recognition strike is an industrial strike implemented in order to force a particular employer or industry to recognize a trade union as the legitimate collective bargaining agent for a company's workers. They were more common in North America prior to the advent of modern labor law which usually has a process which legally compels an employer to recognize a union that has been properly certified and thus shown that it has the support of the workers in a specific bargaining unit.
Recognizance In British and American law, the term recognizance is usually employed to describe an obligation of record, entered into before some court or magistrate duly authorized, whereby the party bound acknowledges (recognizes) that s/he owes a personal debt to the government or Crown, with a defeasance, i.e.
Recognized Class The designation Recognized Class may be granted by the International Sailing Federation (ISAF) to classes of sail boat that offer a high standard of international competitive sailing and satisfy a number of criteria regarding the number of boats of that class, their international distribution, and the rules, administration and operation of that class's Class Association.
Recoil Recoil, in common everyday language, is considered the backward kick or force produced by a gun when it is fired. In more precise scientific terms, this force is equal to the derivative of the backward momentum resulting when a gun is fired.
Recoil (band) Recoil is the musical venture of ex-Depeche Mode member Alan Wilder, for which he writes the music and invites various guest musicians to write the accompanying lyrics and perform them on the record. The vocal parts are either sung, or performed as spoken word pieces.
Recoil buffer A recoil buffer is a factory-installed or aftermarket accessory component for firearms placed between operating metal parts which impact one another, such as the slide and the frame of a semi-automatic pistol. Buffers cushion the battering force of repeated impact, reducing wear on parts and lengthening the service life of the firearm.
Recoilless rifle A recoilless gun or recoilless rifle (RCL) is a lightweight form of weapon that allows the firing of a heavier projectile than would be practical with a recoiling weapon. Technically, only devices that use a rifled barrel are recoilless rifles, smoothbore variants are recoilless guns; this distinction is often lost, and all are called recoilless guns.
Recollection Recollection is the retrieval of memory. It is not a passive process; people employ metacognitive strategies to make the best use of their memory, and priming and other context can have a large effect on what is retrieved.
Recollets The RĂ©collets (English: Recollects) were a French branch of the Roman Catholic order, the Franciscans (Latin: Ordo Fratrum Minorum), first established in France about 1570. According to one historian, "Recollection-houses are, strictly speaking, those monasteries to which friars desirous of devoting themselves to prayer and penance can withdraw to consecrate their lives to spiritual recollection".
Recombinant DNA Recombinant DNA (rDNA) is an artificial DNA sequence resulting from the combining of two other DNA sequences in a plasmid. A recombinant protein is a protein produced by an organism after the relevant DNA is inserted into its genome (that is, by a genetically modified organism).
Recombination Recombination usually refers to the biological process of genetic recombination and meiosis, a genetic event that occurs during the formation of sperm and egg cells. It is also referred to as crossing over or change of phase.
Recombination activating gene The recombination activating genes encode enzymes that play an important role in the rearrangement and recombination of the genes of immunoglobulin and T cell receptor molecules during the process of VDJ recombination. There are two recombination activating gene products known as RAG-1 and RAG-2, whose cellular expression is restricted to lymphocytes during their developmental stages.
Recombination frequency In genetics, recombination frequency is when crossing-over will take place between two loci (or genes) during meiosis. Recombination frequency is a measure of genetic linkage and is used in the creation of a genetic linkage map.
Recombination hotspot Recombination hotspots are sites in the genome of sexually reproducing organisms that exhibit elevated rates of meiotic recombination. Recent studies using linkage desequilibrium in human have identified over 25,000 hotspots in the genome.
Recommendation letter A recommendation letter or letter of recommendation is a letter in which the writer assesses the qualities, characteristics, and capabilities of the person being recommended in terms of that individual’s ability to perform a particular task or function. Recommendation letters are almost always specifically requested to be written about someone, and are therefore addressed to a particular requestor.
Recommended maximum intake of alcoholic beverages This article summarizes the recommended maximum intake (or 'safe limits') of alcohol as recommended by the health agencies of various governments. Such recommendations are distinct from legal restrictions that may apply in those countries.
Recommender system Recommender systems are computer programs which attempt to predict items (movies, music, books, news, web pages) that a user may be interested in, given some information about the user's profile. Often, this is implemented as a collaborative filtering algorithm.
Recon Team The Recon Team is the name of a group of several fictional characters from Transformers: Cybertron. Just as many Mini-Cons do, its members form a specialized team - in this case, to back up the Autobots and perform reconnaissance.
Reconcilee Reconcilee is a neologism for the Czech word “upravenec” (pl. “upravenci”) which denotes an émigré from Communist Czechoslovakia who “reconciled” his or her relationship with the Communist régime.
Reconciliation (Senate) Reconciliation is a legislative process of the United States Senate that is intended to allow a contentious budget bill to be considered without being subject to filibuster. Reconciliation also applies in the United States House of Representatives, but since the House regularly passes rules that constrain debate and amendment, the reconciliation process represented less of a change in that body.
Reconciliation and Liberation Bloc The Reconciliation and Liberation Bloc or Kutla al-Musalaha wa't-Tahrir is an Iraqi political party. The Sunni, liberal, and secularist party was founded as the Iraqi Homeland Party in Jordan in 1995 by exiles from Saddam's regime.
Reconciliation and Unity Commission (Fiji) The Reconciliation and Unity Commission is a proposed government body to be set up if the Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill, which was introduced into the Fijian Parliament on May 4 2005, is passed. The legislation proposes to empower the Commission to grant amnesty to perpetrators of the Fiji coup of 2000, and compensation to victims of it from 19 May 2000 through 15 March 2001.
Reconciliation Australia Reconciliation Australia is the non-government, not-for-profit foundation established in January 2001 to provide a continuing national focus for reconciliation. It was established by the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation.
Reconciliation bill In the United States Congress, a reconciliation bill is one containing changes in law recommended pursuant to reconciliation instructions in a budget resolution. If the instructions pertain to only one committee in a chamber, that committee reports the reconciliation bill.
Reconciliation ecology Reconciliation ecology is the science of accommodating wild species within human-modified or -occupied landscapes. It holds that protecting wilderness, though necessary, is not enough to preserve biodiversity given the large area required for a diverse range of species to survive in the long term.
Reconciliation instruction In the United States Congress, a reconciliation instruction is a provision in a budget resolution directing one or more committees to submit legislation changing existing law in order to bring spending, revenues, or the debt-limit into conformity with the budget resolution. The instructions specify the committees to which they apply, indicate the appropriate dollar changes to be achieved, and usually provide a deadline by which the legislation is to be reported or submitted.
Reconciliation process In the United States Congress, the reconciliation process is the process established in the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 by which Congress changes existing laws to conform tax and spending levels to the levels set in a budget resolution. Changes recommended by committees pursuant to a reconciliation instruction are incorporated into a reconciliation measure.
Reconciliation Place Reconciliation Place is a section of parkland in Canberra, Australia, established in 2001 as a monument to reconciliation between Australia’s Indigenous people and the settler population. It is located near the High Court of Australia and the National Gallery of Australia.
Reconciling Ministries Network The Reconciling Ministries Network (RMN) is an organisation dedicated to the inclusion of people of all sexual orientations and gender identities in the United Methodist Church. It is one of many Welcoming Congregation movements to emerge in American Christianity in the 1980s.
Reconfigurable computing Reconfigurable computing is computer processing with highly flexible computing fabrics. The principal difference when compared to using ordinary microprocessors is the ability to make substantial changes to the data path itself in addition to the control flow.
Reconfigurable Computing Paradox The term Reconfigurable Computing Paradox stands for the fact, that by supercomputer to FPGA migration of applications (implemented by software to configware migration) speed-up factors of up to 3 orders of magnitude (and sometimes even more: e. g.
Reconfigurable Data Path Array A reconfigurable data path array or rDPA is a semiconductor device containing reconfigurable data path units (rDPU) and programmable interconnects. Such reconfigurable interconnects allow the rDPUs of an rDPA to be interconnected as needed by the system designer.
Reconfigurable Manufacturing System A reconfigurable manufacturing system (RMS) is one designed at the outset for rapid change in its structure, as well as its hardware and software components, in order to quickly adjust its production capacity and functionality within a part family in response to sudden market changes or intrinsic system change.
Reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer A reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) is a form of optical add-drop multiplexer that adds the ability to remotely switch traffic from a WDM system at the wavelength layer. This allows individual wavelengths carrying data channels to be added and dropped from a transport fiber without the need to convert the signals on all of the WDM channels to electronic signals and back again to optical signals.
Reconfigurable Supercomputing Reconfigurable Supercomputing stands for a new direction in Supercomputing, where Reconfigurable Computing methods are adopted by supercomputer architectures, like including FPGAs. From FPGA usage as accelerators, speed-up factors by up to two orders of magnitude are reported, as well as floor space requirements and electricity invoice amounts reduced by one order of magnitude.
Reconquista The Reconquista (English: Reconquest) was the process encompassing over seven and a half centuries, by which the Christian kingdoms of northern Hispania (modern Portugal and Spain) conquered the Iberian peninsula from the Muslim and Moorish states of Al-Ándalus. The Umayyad conquest of Hispania from the Visigoths occurred during the early 8th century, and the Reconquista is commonly considered to have begun almost immediately in 722, with the Battle of Covadonga, and completed in 1492, with the Conquest of Granada.
Reconquista (Spanish America) In colonial Spanish America, the Reconquista refers to the period following Napoleon's failed invasion of the Iberian Peninsula in 1808. During the invasion, a number of Spanish colonies in the New World moved for greater autonomy or independence outright.
Reconstituted family A reconstituted family is a union of two adults who have had previous marital relations and have had children in those previous relationships. It is the family type created from the conjugation of two lone parent families.
Reconstruction Reconstruction was the process in US history, 1863–1877, that resolved the issues of the American Civil War when both the Confederacy and its system of slavery were destroyed. It is also the common name for the entire era 1865-1877.
Reconstruction (band) Reconstruction was a band formed by John Kahn to occupy him while Jerry Garcia, his long-time musical collaborator, was busy with the Grateful Dead. The band's original guitar player was Jerry Miller, best-known for performing with Moby Grape.
Reconstruction (criminal investigation) A reconstruction is a deliberate re-creation of a crime scene or incident, used by police and other investigative authorities in an attempt to jog the memory of witnesses to the event. Re-constructions of a crime scene in diagrammatic form may also be used in criminal court cases in an attempt to clarify information for a jury.
Reconstruction algorithm In tomography, a variety of practical reconstruction algorithms have been developed to implement the process of reconstruction of a 3-dimensional object from its projections. These algorithms are designed largely based on the mathematics of the radon transform, statistical knowledge of the data acquisition process and geometry of the data imaging system.
Reconstruction and Development Programme Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) is a South African socio-economic policy framework implemented by the African National Congress (ANC) government of Nelson Mandela in 1994 after months of discussions, consultations and negotiations between the ANC, its Alliance partners the Congress of South African Trade Unions and the South African Communist Party, and "mass organisations in the wider civil society".The Reconstruction and Development Programme Preface, Nelson Mandela, 1994
Reconstruction filter In a mixed-signal system (analog and digital), a reconstruction filter (or anti-imaging filter) is used to construct a smooth analogue signal from the output of a digital to analogue converter (DAC) or other sampled data output device.
Reconstruction from zero crossings The problem of reconstruction from zero crossings can be stated as: given the zero crossings of a continuous signal, is it possible to reconstruct the signal (to within a constant factor)? Worded differently, what are the conditions under which a signal can be reconstructed from its zero crossings?
Reconstruction Finance Corporation The Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) was an independent agency of the United States government chartered during the administration of Herbert Hoover in 1932. It was modeled after the War Finance Corporation of World War I.
Reconstruction of Iraq Reconstruction of Iraq is the term used for attempts to both improve upon and make repairs and improvements to the infrastructure of Iraq. The term is used both by the multinational forces, who invaded Iraq, as well as various western media outlets.
Reconstruction Party of Canada The Reconstruction Party was a Canadian political party founded by Henry Herbert Stevens, a long-time Conservative Member of Parliament (MP). Stevens served as Minister of Trade in the Arthur Meighen government of 1921, and as Minister of Trade and Commerce from 1930 to 1934 in the Depression-era government of R.
Reconstructionist Postmillennialism Reconstructionist Postmillennialism or Theonomic Postmillennialism is a form of Christian millennial eschatology which applies Christian Reconstructionism to the advancement of the Kingdom of God through out the millennium spoken of in chapter 20 of the Book of Revelation.
Reconstructionist Rabbinical College The Reconstructionist Rabbinical College (RRC), located in Wyncote, Pennsylvania, just outside Philadelphia, is the only seminary affiliated with Reconstructionist Judaism. It is accredited by the Commission on Higher Education of the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools.
Recopa Sudamericana The Recopa Sudamericana (also known as Recopa VISA Sudamericana) (English: South American Recup, Portuguese: Recopa Sul-Americana) is at stake in an annual football series (2 legs) between the reigning champions of the Copa Libertadores de América and Copa Sudamericana. It is the South American equivalent to UEFA's European Super Cup
Recopa Sudamericana 1991 The 1991 edition of the Recopa Sudamericana was not played. Olimpia de AsunciĂłn was automatically declared as champion of the Recopa Sudamericana since they won both the Copa Libertadores and Supercopa Sudamericana in 1990.
Recopa Sudamericana 2003 The Recopa Sudamericana 2003 consisted of a single match played at the Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles, California. Olimpia of Paraguay qualified as the 2002 Copa Libertadores champion and San Lorenzo of Argentina as the 2002 Copa Sudamericana champion.
Record As a heteronym, record has a similar meaning for both noun and verb usage, but is pronounced differently depending on usage . In noun usage, it refers to a medium with stored data; in verb usage, it refers to the process of storing the data.
Record Breakers Record Breakers was a British Guinness Book of Records themed children's TV show, produced by the BBC and originally presented by Roy Castle with twin brothers Norris McWhirter and Ross McWhirter. It was broadcast on BBC One from 15 December 1972 to 21 December 2001.
Record industry The record industry is the part of the music industry that earns profit by selling sound recordings of music. In the early years of the phonograph in the late 19th century, the music industry was dominated by the publishers of sheet music.
Record label In the music industry, a record label is a brand and a trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos. In everyday usage, a record label is also a company that manages such brands and trademarks; coordinates the production, manufacture, distribution, promotion, and enforcement of copyright protection of sound recordings and music videos; conducts A&R; and maintains contracts with recording artists and their managers.
Record linkage Record linkage also known as deduplication, refers to the task of finding entries that refer to the same entity in two or more files. Record linkage is an appropriate technique when you have to join data sets that do not have a unique database key in common.
Record locator A Record locator is an alphanumeric reference number used by airlines and travel agencies to identify an individual booking. It usually consists of between 5 and 7 letters or numerals, thus allowing a sufficient number of unique combinations and negating the need to duplicate over time.
Record Label Records Record Label Records is an experimental music record label that was formed by Benjamin Vanderford and Robert Martin otherwise known as Jacob Jarnigon. In the last three years Robert Martin has been the sole owner and manager of RLR.
Record Management Services Record Management Services (abbreviated RMS) are procedures in the VMS, RSTS/E, RT-11 and high-end RSX-11 operating systems that programs may call to process files and records within files. VMS RMS is an integral part of the system software; its procedures run in executive mode.
Record of the Day Founded in the UK by music industry journalists in 2002, Record of the Day has since become the UK music industry's source of insider news and future hits with their daily news digest email and weekly magazine for subscribers, Record of the Day is also acknowledged for unearthing unheard artists and bands through their daily audio feature.
Record pool A record pool commonly refers to a regionalized and centralized method of music distribution that allows a DJ to receive promotional music to play in nightclubs. The music industry sends its newest releases to the pool, and in exchange, the pool provides feedback on each release.
Record producer In the music industry, a record producer (or music producer) has many roles, among them controlling the recording sessions, coaching and guiding the musicians, and supervising the recording, mixing and mastering processes. This has been a major function of producers since the inception of sound recording, but in the later half of the 20th century producers also took on a wider entrepreneurial role.
Record Plant Studios Record Plant Studios (also known as just "The Record Plant") is a famous recording studio, first opening in New York City at 321 West 44th Street map, in 1968. The next year, they opened a studio in Los Angeles, which (after a move to Hollywood and the sale of the New York studio) became the main studio.
Record shop A record shop (or record store) is an outlet that sells recorded music. Although vinyl records are no longer sold in the majority of music stores, in favor of compact discs, people still use the term "record shop", in conjunction with "CD shop" or "music shop".
Record sleeve A Record sleeve is the outer covering of a vinyl recording. The sleeve is technically the paper covering that is closest in contact to the surface of the recording, as in "dust sleeve", "liner" and "album liner".
Record World Record World magazine was one of the three main music industry trade publications in the United States, along with Billboard and Cashbox magazines. It was founded in 1946 under the name "Music Vendor", but since 1964 changed it to "Record World".
Record-oriented filesystem In a record-oriented filesystem, files are stored as a collection of records. Generally, these systems support several different record formats: either fixed-length and variable length, different lengths, and different physical organisations or padding mechanisms; metadata associated with the file records its format.
Recorded Live on Stage Recorded Live on Stage was the first glimpse of a live Marvin Gaye show. Released as an album on September 9, 1963, it firmly stamped Gaye's place as Motown's leading male hitmaker with only Mary Wells outselling him.
Recorded Live: The 12 Year Old Genius Recorded Live: The 12 Year Old Genius is the third album and first live album by Stevie Wonder on the Tamla (Motown) label. Released in 1963, the album finally gained success for the child prodigy thanks to the famous raucous live version of "Fingertips".
Recorded recollection A recorded recollection, in the law of evidence, is an exception to the hearsay rule which allows a witness to testify to the accuracy of a recording or documentation of their own out-of-court statement based on their recollection of the circumstances under which the statement was recorded or documented - even though the witness does not remember the events attested to in the statement. It is sufficient that the witness is able to testify to having made the recording, and to having written an accurate statement at that time.
Recorder The recorder is a woodwind musical instrument of the family known as fipple flutes or internal duct flutes—whistle-like instruments which include the tin whistle and ocarina. The recorder is end-blown and the mouth of the instrument is constricted by a wooden plug, known as a block or fipple.
Recorder of deeds Recorder of deeds refers to the government office that maintains records of transfers of real estate, as well as many other public documents. The individual holding the office is also known as the Recorder of Deeds.
Recorder's court The Recorder's Court, in Detroit, Michigan, United States, was a state court of general jurisdiction which had, for most of its history, exclusive jurisdiction over all felony cases committed in the city of Detroit. It is believed to be the only court in the United States to have been called a Recorder's Court in the 20th century.
Recording (real estate) The vast majority of states the United States employ a system of recording instruments that affect the title of real estate as the means for publicly documenting land titles and interests. This system differs significantly from land registrations systems, such as the Torrens System that have been adopted in a few states.
Recording Artists' Coalition The Recording Artists' Coalition (RAC) is an American music industry organization that represents recording artists, and attempts to defend their rights and interests. Compare and contrast with the RIAA, which represents the recording industry.
Recording contract A recording contract (commonly called a record deal) is a legal agreement between a record label and a recording artist (or group), where the artist makes a record (or series of records) for the label to sell and promote. Artists under contract are normally only allowed to record for that label exclusively; guest appearances on other artists' records will carry a notice "By courtesy of (the name of the label)", and that label may receive a percentage of sales.
Recording format A recording format is a format for encoding data for storage on a storage medium. The format can be container information such as sectors on a disk, or user/audience information (content) such as analog stereo audio.
Recording head A recording head is the physical interface between a recording apparatus and a moving recording medium. Recording heads are generally classified according to the physical priniciple that allows them to impress their data upon their medium.
Recording Industry Association of America The Recording Industry Association of America (or RIAA) is a trade group that represents the recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of a large number of private corporate entities such as record labels and distributors, who create and distribute about 90% of recorded music sold in the US.
Recording Industry Association of Japan The Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ) is an industry trade group composed of Japanese corporations involved the music industry. It was founded in 1942 as the Japan Phonogram Record Cultural Association and adopted its current name in 1969.
Recording Media Group International Recording Media Group International (also known as RMG) is a Dutch manufacturer of magnetic tape products based in Oosterhout. This plant was initially built by Philips in 1968, and spun off into a joint venture with Dupont, PDM (Philips Dupont Magnetics, B.
Recording Studio of the United States House of Representatives The House Recording Studio provides radio and television recording services to Members, Committees, and Officers of the United States House of Representatives. The purpose of the Recording Studio is to provide a convenient way for Members to convey information to their constituents, the media, and the general public.
Recording the Angel Recording the Angel was the name of a scheme by the band Depeche Mode to record their concerts on the spring (North America) and summer (Europe and Asia) legs of their 2006 Touring the Angel tour. The recording was done by London-based company Live Here Now.
Records manager The Records Manager for an organization is the person responsible for the management of records in the organization. This role has evolved over time and takes many forms, with many related areas of knowledge required for professional competency.
Records Management Society The Records Management Society was founded in 1983 as the main professional body for records managers in Great Britain and Ireland. Its objectives are ‘to further knowledge of the management and administration of records, in whatever media, created during the course of the business activities of any organisation, and to promote fellowship and co-operation amongst individuals working in this field.
Records of the Grand Historian The Records of the Grand Historian () written from 109 BC to 91 BC, was the magnum opus of Sima Qian, in which he recounted Chinese history from the time of the mythical Yellow Emperor until his own time. As the first systematic Chinese historical text, it tremendously influenced Chinese historiography and prose, and is comparable to Herodotus and his Historiai.
Records of Three Kingdoms The Records of Three Kingdoms (), is the official and authoritative historical text on the period of Three Kingdoms covering from 189 to 280, that was composed by Chen Shou in the 3rd century. The work collects the smaller histories of the rival states Wei, Shu and Wu of the Three Kingdoms into a single text and provided the basis for the later more popular historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms in the 14th century.
Recoupment Recoupment is the practice, common in the music industry, of claiming an advance provided to an artist back from that artist rather than (or, as well as) from related sources. Many record labels practice recoupment, and most new artists have little choice but to accept it since they lack the negotiating power to obtain a better contract.
Recover Your Life Recover Your Life (or RYL, as it's known to many of its members) is a website founded to provide support and advice to those who self harm. It is well-known and one of the biggest self-harm support websites, providing viewers with support and information.
Recoverable Alert Recoverable Alerts are non-critical crashes in the Amiga computer system. In most cases, you can resume work after one, and save your data, while a normal, red Guru Meditation always results in an immediate reboot.
Recovered factory A recovered factory (in Spanish, fábrica recuperada) is a company in which its workers have taken over control, commonly after intentional bankruptcy by the management. Note that the Spanish verb recuperar means not only "to get back", "to take back" or "to reclaim" but also "to put back into good condition".
Recovered memory therapy Recovered memory therapy (RMT) is a psychotherapy that was developed in the 1980s as a way to recover “lost” childhood memories of abuse, as well as other memories of neglect and abuse. The use of recovered memory therapy has been a subject of ongoing controversy, and its use has been largely abandoned by the therapeutic community.
Recovered Territories Note: although the terms "Recovered Territories", or "Regained Territories" have a clear meanings in Poland and Polish historiography, they are not widely accepted terms or concepts in Germany and the other German-speaking countries. In English-speaking countries the term is unknown.
Recovery (metallurgy) Recovery is a process by which deformed grains can reduce their stored energy by the removal or rearrangement of defects in their crystal structure. These defects, primarily dislocations, are introduced by plastic deformation of the material and act to increase the yield strength of a material.
Recovery (novel) Recovery is the first e-book and seventh installment of The New Jedi Order series set in the Star Wars galaxy. This short story by Troy Denning sets the stage for much of the novel Star by Star and shows a slow reconciliation between Han Solo and his wife Leia Organa Solo.
Recovery amount When a bond or other financial derivative defaults, the recovery amount is the amount that the underlying company can afford to pay. This is based on the cash originally designated for the coupon or maturity payment (if they defaulted simply because they did not have enough cash), or by selling off assets, or other methods.
Recovery CD A recovery CD is a CD-ROM (or, more recently, a DVD data disc) that is included with many PC computers manufactured by OEM companies which run under Microsoft Windows. The recovery CD or DVD contains a complete copy of the entire contents of the hard drive in its factory default state.

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