Encyclopedia

Repeat In music a repeat is the sign which indicates a section should be repeated. If the piece has one repeat sign alone, then that means to repeat from the beginning, and then continue on (or stop, if the sign appears at the end of the piece).
Repeatability Repeatability is the variation in measurements taken by a single person or instrument on the same item and under the same conditions. A measurement may be said to be repeatable when this variation is smaller than some agreed limit.
Repeated game In game theory, a repeated game (or iterated game) is an extensive form game which consists in some number of repetitions of some base game (called a stage game). The stage game is usually one of the well studied 2 person games.
Repeater (album) Repeater is an album by the post-hardcore band Fugazi. Released early 1990, the nature of the album is hard to classify because the CD version is known as Repeater + 3 Songs and is a composite of the Repeater LP and the 3 Songs EP.
Repeating coil In telecommunication, a repeating coil is a voice-frequency transformer characterized by a closed magnetic core, a pair of identical balanced primary (line) windings, a pair of identical but not necessarily balanced secondary (drop) windings, and low transmission loss at voice frequencies. It permits transfer of voice currents from one winding to another by magnetic induction, matches line and drop impedances, and prevents direct conduction between the line and the drop.
Repeating crossbow A repeating crossbow or Chu-ko-nu (Chinese: 連弩) is a Chinese crossbow where the separate actions of stringing the bow, placing the bolt and firing it can be accomplished with a simple one-handed movement, all the while keeping the crossbow stationary. This allows the bow to fire at a faster rate compared to a normal crossbow.
Repeating rifle A repeating rifle is a single barreled rifle containing multiple rounds of ammunition. These rounds are loaded from a magazine by means of a manual or automatic mechanism, and the action that reloads the rifle also typically recocks the firing action.
Repeatos The Repeatos are a 21st Century Whole World Soul Band formed in 1995 in New York. The band is an improvisational ensemble with a penchant for combining acoustic and electronic elements and seamlessly flowing between musical traditions from ancient to future.
Repechage Repechage (French, pronounced re-pe-shage, literally re-fishing or to rescue or to save) is a practice amongst ladder competitions that allows participants that failed to meet qualifying standards by a small margin to continue to the next round.
Repent America Repent America (RA) is a Christian evangelistic organization based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in the United States. According to their website, RA "desires to be in the full Will of God and to adhere entirely to the teachings of the Bible.
Repent Sinner Repent Sinner is a longstanding street art campaign in the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, where a sticker bearing the handwriten slogan "Repent Sinner" is affixed to a building or a piece of street furniture in a public place. The origin of these stickers is unknown.
Repentigny-Mascouche Line (AMT) The Repentigny-Mascouche Line. is a commuter rail line, proposed to be operated in the Greater Montreal Quebec, Canada area, by the Agence métropolitaine de transport, or AMT (in English, the 'Metropolitan Transportation Agency'), the umbrella organization that plans, integrates, and coordinates public transportation services across this region.
Reperfusion injury Reperfusion injury refers to damage to tissue caused when blood supply returns to the tissue after a period of ischemia. The absence of oxygen and nutrients from blood creates a condition in which the restoration of circulation results in inflammation and oxidative damage from the oxygen rather than restoration of normal function.
Repertory grid The Repertory Grid is an interviewing technique which uses factor analysis to determine an idiographic measure of personality. It was devised by George Kelly in around 1955 and is based on his Personal Constructs theory of personality.
Repetition (song) "Repetition" is a song written by David Bowie in 1979 for the album Lodger. Bowie's exploration of a wife-basher’s mentality, sung in a deliberately unemotional tone that served to highlight the lyric and the unnatural slur of the bass guitar.
Repetition blindness Repetition Blindness (RB) is a phenomenon observed in Rapid Serial Visual Presentation. Subjects are less likely to detect the repetition of a target stimulus than they are to detect a second, different target.
Repetition code Repetition code is a (n,1) coding scheme that repeats the bits across a channel to achieve error free communication. Repetition code is generally a very naive method of encoding data across a channel, and it is not preferred
Repetition compulsion Repetition compulsion is when a person repeats a traumatic event or something having to do with it over and over again in an attempt to deal with it. This "re-living" can take the form of dreams, repeating the story of what happened, and even hallucination.
Repetitive strain injury Repetitive strain injury (RSI), also called repetitive stress injury, is a loose group of conditions from overuse of the computer, guitar, knife or similar motion or tool. It is an occupational overuse syndrome affecting muscles, tendons and nerves in the arms and upper back; hence it is also known as work related upper limb disorder or WRULD.
Rephotography Rephotography is the act of repeat photography of the same site, with a time lag between the two images; a "then and now" view of a particular area. Some are casual, usually taken from the same view point but without regard to season, lens coverage or framing.
Replacement joint Joint replacement is one of the most common and successful operations in modern orthopaedic surgery. It consists of replacing painful, arthritic, worn or diseased parts of the joint with artificial surfaces shaped in such a way as to allow joint movement.
Replacements (Band of Brothers) Replacements is the fourth episode of the television miniseries Band of Brothers, which premiered on the HBO cable network on September 23, 2001. The episode features the members of Easy Company, along with fresh replacements, as they parachute in to the Netherlands and fight in Nuenen, after the liberation of Eindhoven.
Replantation Replantation is the surgical reattachment of a body part, most commonly a finger, hand or arm, that has been completely cut from a personÂ’s body. Replantation of amputated parts has been peformed in amputated fingers, hands, forearms, feet, amputated ears, avulsed scalp injuries, an amputated face, amputated lips, amputated penis and an amputated tongue.
Replay (clothing company) The Replay brand was started by Claudio Buziol in 1978, by his company named Fashion Box Industries SPA. Specializing in denim, Replay also produces designer clothing and accessories for men, women and children of all age groups.
Replay attack A replay attack is a form of network attack in which a valid data transmission is maliciously or fraudulently repeated or delayed. This is carried out either by the originator or by an adversary who intercepts the data and retransmits it, possibly as part of a masquerade attack by IP packet substitution (such as stream cipher attack).
Replay Gain Replay Gain is a proposed standard published in 2001 to normalize the perceived loudness of computer audio formats such as MP3 and Ogg Vorbis. It works on a track/album basis, and is now supported in a growing number of players.
Replay value Replay value is a term usually found in combination with video games, but it may be also used to describe other kinds of games, movies, music, or theater plays. The term replayability can also be used in the same context.
ReplayTV ReplayTV is a brand of digital video recorder (DVR), a term synonymous with personal video recorder (PVR). It is a consumer video device which allows users to capture television programming to internal hard disk storage for later viewing (sometimes called time shifting).
Replexer A replexer is a device most commonly used in amateur radio to retransmit signals on one radio frequency band on to another. Many dual or multi band Amateur Radios contain this cross-band repeat option and may be set up to act as a replexer.
Replica The proper definition of replica is "a copy made by the person who made the original", though it is now commonly used to refer to any copy. Replicas are often used for historical purposes, such as being placed in a museum.
Replica (comics) Replica is Skrull in the Earth-691 timeline of the fictional Marvel Universe, and is a devout member of the Universal Church of Truth. She is member of the Galactic Guardians, an offshoot of the Guardians of the Galaxy.
Replica 1 The Replica 1 is a clone of the Apple I designed by Vince Briel with permission from the Apple I's original creator Steve Wozniak. The Replica 1 is functionally a close copy of the original, but it is designed using much more modern parts on a smaller, simplified board design.
Replica plating In molecular biology and microbiology, replica plating is a technique in which one or more secondary Petri plates containing different solid (agar-based) selective growth media (lacking nutrients or containing chemical growth inhibitors such as antibiotics) are inoculated with the same colonies of microorganisms from a primary plate (or master dish), reproducing the original spatial pattern of colonies. The technique involves pressing a velvet-covered disk to a primary plate, and then imprinting secondary plates with cells in colonies removed by the velvet from the original plate.
Replicant A replicant is a bioengineered or biorobotic being created in the film Blade Runner. The Nexus series — genetically designed by the Tyrell Corporation — are virtually identical to an adult human, but have superior strength, agility, and variable intelligence depending on the model.
Replicants (band) Replicants was a side project of Ken Andrews and Greg Edwards of Failure; Paul D'Amour, formerly of Tool, and Chris Pitman. The band recorded one album, comprised entirely of covers of musicians such as The Cars, Paul McCartney, John Lennon, Steely Dan and Pink Floyd, among others.
Replication (computer science) Replication refers to the use of redundant resources, such as software or hardware components, to improve reliability, fault-tolerance, or performance. Replication typically involves replication in space, in which the same data is stored on multiple storage devices or the same computing task is executed on multiple devices, or replication in time, in which a computing task is executed repeatedly on a single device.
Replicative transposition Replicative transposition is a mechanism of transposition in molecular biology in which the transposable element is duplicated during the reaction, so that the transposing entity is a copy of the original element. Replicative transposition is characteristic to retrotransposons and occurs from time to time in class II transposons.
Replicator (Star Trek) In the fictional Star Trek universe, a replicator is a machine capable of creating (and destroying) arbitrary objects on demand. Replicators are typically used (on-screen) to near instantaneously synthesise meals on demand but it is implied in dialogue that they also have industrial applications.
Replicator Carter In the science fiction television series Stargate SG-1, Replicator Carter, commonly referred to by fans as RepliCarter, is a human-form Replicator created in the image of Samantha Carter, and posed a major threat to life in the Milky Way and other galaxies.
Replicon (company) Replicon is privately held, independent investment banking service company located in Helsinki, Finland. We provide specialized, first-class corporate finance and investment management advisory as well as strategic consulting to our clients.
Replisome The replication of the DNA of Escherichia coli proceeds via the replisome, a multiprotein workhorse that varies in complexity depending on the organism. The replisome is made up of two DNA polymerase III core enzymes (DNA pol III), which are each made up of three subunits: one with polymerization activity, one with proofreading ability and one that stimulates the proofreading.
Reploid A Reploid, or in the original Japanese games, from the science fiction video game series Mega Man X and Mega Man Zero, is a robot with complete free will and thought processes comparable to that of humans. The term originally was reserved for robots whose design was ultimately derived (or "replicated") from the original Mega Man X design, but throughout the series the term has been extended to cover any robot with similar intellectual capacity.
Replot Bridge The Replot Bridge (Replotbron in Swedish, Raippaluodon silta in Finnish) connects the island of Replot (Raippaluoto in Finnish) with the mainland of Finland in the Swedish-speaking Korsholm municipality (Mustasaari in finnish), near the city Vaasa. It is 1045 metres long and the longest bridge of Finland.
Reply to Li Shuyi Reply to Li Shuyi is a poem written in 1957 by Mao Zedong to a female friend, Li Shuyi. In the translation, "poplar" actually means his first wife: Yang Kaihui, and "Willow" actually means Ms.
Repmobile A repmobile is a semi-derogatory British term used to describe cars that are popular on the fleets of sales representatives (or reps). This term is most commonly applied to large family cars produced by mainstream manufacturers and sold cheap to fleets, e.
Repnin Sejm The Repnin Sejm () was a Sejm (session of the Polish parliament) that took place from 1767 to 1768 in Warsaw, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This Sejm was a response to the Sejms of 1764 to 1766, where the newly elected king of Poland, Stanislaw II Poniatowski, attempted with some successes to push through reforms to strengthen the government of the Commonwealth.
RepoblaciĂłn The repoblaciĂłn (Spanish for repopulation) was the ninth-century repopulating of a large region between the River Duero and the Cantabrian Cordillera which had been depopulated in the early years of the Reconquista.
Repolarization In neuroscience, repolarization refers to the change in membrane potential that returns the membrane potential to a negative value after the depolarization phase of an action potential has just previously changed the membrane potential to a positive value. Repolarization results from the movement of positively charged potassium ions out of the cell.
Repopulation art The art of the RepoblaciĂłn refers to the creative works, predominantly architectural, which accompanied the expansion of the Asturian population into the valley of the Duero in the ninth and tenth centuries. As an art period it is subset of the preromanesque in Spain.
Report In writing, a report is a document characterized by information or other content reflective of inquiry or investigation, tailored to the context of a given situation and audience. The purpose of reports is usually to inform.
Report of the National Commission on Terrorism The Report of the National Commission on Terrorism, also known as the Bremer Commission, "Countering The Changing Threat of International Terrorism", Pursuant to Public Law 277, 105th Congress, was published June 2000. Ambassador L.
Report of the Panel on United Nations Peacekeeping The Report of the Panel on United Nations Peacekeeping Operations is commonly called the Brahimi Report, named for the chairman of the committee which produced it, Lakhdar Brahimi. This report addressed many of the dysfunctionalities of the United Nations, and particularly its inability to carry out its mission for lack of a proper global information collection, processing, and analysis capability.
Report of Van Fleet Mission to Far East The Report of Van Fleet Mission to the Far East is a secret report drafted by James Van Fleet, a US special mission ambassador, after a round of visits to South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and the Philippines, and sent to the 34th U.S.
Report on Business Report on Business, commonly referred to as simply ROB, is the financial section of The Globe and Mail, a large Toronto-based Canadian newspaper. It is the most lengthy completion of economic news in Canada, and is considered an integral part of the newspaper.
Report on Water for Brewing Tea Report on Water for Brewing Tea (煎茶水记) is a tea monograpy by Tang dynasty author Zhang Youxin (张又新) from 814. This book is the earliest monograph wholly devoted to the quality of water for brewing tea.
Reportage Reportage sometimes refers to the total body of media coverage of a particular topic or event, including news reporting and analysis: "the extensive reportage of recent events in x." This is typically used in discussions of the media's general tone or angle or other collective characteristics.
Reporter gene In molecular biology, a reporter gene (often simply reporter) is a gene that researchers attach to another gene of interest in cell culture, animals or plants. Certain genes are chosen as reporters because the characteristics they confer on organisms expressing them are easily identified and measured, or because they are selectable markers.
Reporter's notebook Reporter's notebook is the common name for a particular design of writing pad often used by journalists: one that is spiral-bound, roughly four inches wide and eight inches long, with cardboard front and back cover, containing scores of sheets of paper imprinted with horizontal lines.
Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press The Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press (RCFP) is an American nonprofit organization, founded in 1970, which provides free legal assistance to journalists. A number of prominent journalists presently sit on the organization's steering committee, including Walter Cronkite, Dan Rather, Tim Russert, and Judy Woodruff.
Reporters Without Borders Reporters Without Borders, or RWB (French: Reporters sans frontières, Spanish: Reporteros Sin Fronteras, or RSF) is a Paris-based international non-governmental organization that advocates for freedom of the press. It was founded by current Secretary General Robert Menard.
Reporters' Privilege Reporters' privilege in the United States, is the qualified (limited) First Amendment right many jurisdictions by statutory law or judicial decision have given to journalists in protecting their confidential sources from discovery.
Reporting Body Identifier The Reporting Body Identifier is the first two digits of a GSM Type Allocation Code, and indicates the GSMA-approved organization that registered (or, before 2002, approved) a given mobile device, and allocated the model a unique code.
Reports of Streptococcus mitis on the moon It is widely claimed that a common bacterium from the human mouth, Streptococcus mitis, survived for two and a half years on the moon inside the Surveyor 3 camera, to be detected when the camera was returned to Earth on board the Apollo 12 capsule. However, this claim cannot be sustained in the light of several lines of evidence:
Repossession Repossession is generally used to refer to a financial institution taking back an object that was either used as collateral or rented or leased in a transaction. Note that repossession is a "self-help" type of action in which the party having right of ownership of the property in question takes the property back from the party having right of possession without invoking court proceedings.
Repossession Records Repossession Records is an independant record label based in the Pacific Palisades, CA. Home to Dry Kill Logic, SLUNT, The Fight, alston, and Elliot Minor, Repossession is poised to make their mark on the independent music scene.
Repovesi National Park Repovesi National Park (Repoveden kansallispuisto) is situated in the municipalities of Valkeala and Mäntyharju, only a few hours north-east of the more populous Helsinki area of Southern Finland. Formerly a site for intensive commercial forestry, the Repovesi area successfully transformed into a pristine national park.
Reppamon Reppamon is a Champion Level Exalted Beast Digimon, and resembles a fox with a blade tail. He's nearly undefeatable in the forest where he can easily run up trees with claws and tail, making it necessary to get a watchful eye.
Repps with Bastwick Repps with Bastwick is a and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. It comprises the adjacent villages of Bastwick and Repps, which are situated some 16 km north-west of the town of Great Yarmouth and 22 km north-east of the city of Norwich.
Representable functor In mathematics, especially in category theory, a representable functor is a functor of a special form from an arbitrary category into the category of sets. Such functors give representations of an abstract category in terms of known structures (i.
Representation (arts) It is generally agreed that people know and understand the world and reality through the act of naming it; thus, through language and representations (Oxford English Dictionary, cited in Vukcevich 2002). The term representation embodies a range of meanings and interpretations.
Representation (politics) In politics, representation describes how residents of a country are empowered in the government. Representation usually refers to representative democracies, where elected representatives speak for their constituents in the legislature.
Representation (psychology) In cognitive psychology a representation is a hypothetical 'internal' 'cognitive' symbol that represents external reality. Representationalism (also known as indirect realism) is the view that representations are the main way we access external reality.
Representation before the European Patent Office The European Patent Convention (EPC), the multilateral treaty providing the legal system according to which European patents are granted, contains provisions regarding whether a natural or legal person needs to be represented in proceedings before the European Patent Office (EPO).
Representation of a Hopf algebra In abstract algebra, a representation of a Hopf algebra is a representation of the underlying associative algebra of a Hopf algebra. That is, a representation of a Hopf algebra H over a field K is a K-vector space V with an action H × V → V usually denoted by juxtaposition (that is, the image of (h,v) is written hv).
Representation of a Lie group In mathematics and theoretical physics, the idea of a representation of a Lie group plays an important role in the study of continuous symmetry. A great deal is known about such representations, a basic tool in their study being the use of the corresponding 'infinitesimal' representations of Lie algebras (indeed in the physics literature the distinction is often elided).
Representation of a Lie superalgebra In mathematics, particularly in the theory of Lie superalgebras, a representation of a Lie superalgebra L is the action of L on a Z2-graded vector space V, such that if A and B are any two pure elements of L and X and Y are any two pure elements of V, then
Representation of the People Act 1928 The Representation of the People Act 1928 expanded on the act of the same name of a decade earlier. It widened suffrage by giving women electoral equality with men - women were now able to vote from the age of 21.
Representation rigid group In mathematics, in the representation theory of groups, a finitely generated group is said to be representation rigid if for every n, it has only finitely many isomorphism classes of irreducible representations of dimension n.
Representation term A representation term is a word, or a combination of words, used as part of a data element name. Representation class is sometimes used as a synonym for representation term, but the ISO/IEC 11179 standard for metadata registries distinguishes the two terms.
Representation theory of SU(2) In the study of the representation theory of Lie groups, the study of representations of SU(2) is fundamental to the study of representations of semisimple Lie groups. It is the first case of a Lie group that is both a compact group and a non-abelian group.
Representation theory of the Poincaré group In mathematics, the representation theory of the double cover of the Poincaré group is an example of the theory for a Lie group, in a case that is neither a compact group nor a semisimple group. It is important in relation with theoretical physics.
Representation theory of the symmetric group In mathematics, the representation theory of the symmetric group is a particular case of the representation theory of finite groups, for which a concrete and detailed theory can be obtained. This has a large area of potential applications, from symmetric function theory to problems of quantum mechanics for a number of identical particles.
Representational Oligonucleotide Microarray Analysis Representational Oligonucleotide Microarray Analysis (ROMA) is a technique that was developed by Michael Wigler and Rob Lucito at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in 2003. Michael Wigler and Rob Lucito currently run laboratories at CSHL using ROMA to explore genomic copy number variation in cancer and other genetic diseases.
Representational systems (NLP) Representational systems (also known as modalities and abbreviated to VAKOG or known as the 4-tuple) is a Neuro-linguistic programming model that examines how the human mind processes information. It states that for practical purposes, information is (or can be treated as if) processed through the senses.
Representational State Transfer Representational State Transfer (REST) is a software architectural style for distributed hypermedia systems like the world wide web. The term originated in a 2000 doctoral dissertation about the web written by Roy Fielding, one of the principal authors of the HTTP protocol specification, and has quickly passed into widespread use in the networking community.
Representational theory of mind The Representational Theory of Mind is the dominant theory of the nature of mental content in modern philosophy of mind, cognitive science and experimental psychology. In contrast to theories of naive or direct realism, it postulates the actual existence of a sort of mental intermediaries between the observing subject and the objects, processes or other entities observed in the external world.
Representations of Clifford algebras In mathematics, the representations of Clifford algebras are also known as Clifford modules. In general a Clifford algebra C is a central simple algebra over some field extension L of the field K over which the quadratic form Q defining C is defined.
Representations of highwaymen in popular culture Poet Alfred Noyes made a highwayman the subject of one of his best-known poems, "The Highwayman", which Phil Ochs and later, Loreena McKennitt each molded into a song. Famous traditional songs about highwaymen include the 1840s broadsheet ballad "Whiskey in the Jar", the traditional song "Sovay", and other lesser known titles such as "Bold Nevison", "Gilderoy", "MacPherson's Lament", "Newlyn Town" and "Brennan on the Moor".
Representations of the Lorentz group The Lorentz group of theoretical physics has a variety of representations, corresponding to particles with integer and half-integer spins in relativistic quantum mechanics. These representations are normally constructed out of spinors.
Representative assembly A representative assembly is a political institution in which a number of persons representing the population or privileged orders within the population of a state come together to debate, negotiate with the executive (originally the king or other ruler) and legislate. Examples in English-speaking countries are the United States Congress and the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
Representative democracy Representative democracy is a form of democracy founded on the exercise of popular sovereignty by the people's representatives. The representatives act in the people's interest, but not as their proxy representative—i.
Representative money Representative money refers to money that consists of token coins a token or certificate that can be exchanged for a fixed quantity of a commodity such as gold, silver or potentially water, oil or food. This is to be distinguished from commodity money which is actually made of that real physical commodity.
Representative peer In the United Kingdom, representative peers were individuals elected by the members of the Peerage of Scotland and the Peerage of Ireland to represent them in the British House of Lords. Members of the Peerage of England, Peerage of Great Britain, and Peerage of the United Kingdom all had the right to sit in the House of Lords; they did not elect a limited group of representatives.
Representative Party of Alberta The Representative Party of Alberta was a provincial political party in Alberta, Canada formed by Raymond Speaker in 1984. The party was right of center, conservative in ideology and considered a modern version of Social Credit without the monetary reforms.
Representative Party of Ontario The Representative Party of Ontario is a reserved provincial political party name in the Province of Ontario, Canada. The party's request to register the name and abbreviation was sent in early September 2004, verified late October-early November and reserved on Friday, December 17, 2004.
Representative realism Representative Theory of Perception, also known as Indirect realism and epistemological dualism, is a philosophical concept. It states that we do not (and can not) perceive the external world directly; instead we know only our ideas or interpretations of objects in the world.
Representative sequences Protein sequences can provide data about the biological function and evolution of proteins and protein domains. Grouping and interrelating protein sequences can therefore provide information about both human biological processes, and the historical development of biological processes on earth.
Representativeness heuristic The representativeness heuristic is a heuristic wherein we assume commonality between objects of similar appearance. While often very useful in everyday life, it can also result in neglect of relevant base rates and other errors.
Representatives on mission In the French Revolution, representatives-on-mission were deputies sent by the National Convention to the provinces of France in 1793. At the time France was in crisis; not only was war going badly, as French forces were being pushed out of Belgium, but also there was revolt in the Vendée over conscription into the army and resentment of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy.
Repressed memory A repressed memory, according to some theories of psychology, is a memory (often traumatic) of an event or environment which is stored by the unconscious mind but outside the awareness of the conscious mind. Some theorize that these memories may be recovered (that is, integrated into consciousness) years or decades after the event, often via therapy.

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