Encyclopedia

Versoix Versoix is a municipality in the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland, which sits on the right bank of Lake Geneva. It is the last town of the Canton of Geneva on the road northeast towards Lausanne, before the Canton of Vaud starts.
Verstehen Critics of the concept of verstehen such as Mikhail Bakhtin and Dean MacCannell counter that it is simply impossible for a person born of one culture to ever completely understand another culture, and that it is arrogant and conceited to attempt to interpret the significance of one culture's symbols through the terms of another (supposedly superior) culture.
Versus (band) Versus is a band which was formed in 1990 by Richard Baluyut, Fontaine Toups and Robert Hale in New York City. Merge Records is Versus' current record label, though they have had a long involvement with TeenBeat Records.
Versus (journal) Versus: Quaderni di studi semiotici (VS in Italian academic jargon) is an influential semiotic journal in Italy. Founded by Umberto Eco, et al in 1971, it has been an important confrontation space for a large number of scholars of several fields coping with signs and signification.
Versus (TV channel) Versus (known as OLN until September 25, 2006) is a cable television sports channel owned by Comcast and shown in the United States. The OLN brand was retained in Canada, and with the exception of select sports (notably ice hockey), simulcasts all of Versus programming.
Versus programming language Versus is a scripting language originally developed for the IRC client Bisual IRC, and currently used with Visual IRC. It is similar in many ways to the scripting languages used by ircII and mIRC, as well as Tcl and C.
Versus the World (album) Versus the World is the fourth full-length album released by the melodic death metal band Amon Amarth. It was also released with a bonus disc featuring the Sorrow Throughout the Nine Worlds EP as well as 2 unreleased demos.
Vert (sport) Vert is a term used in extreme sports (especially skateboarding, snowboarding, BMX and Inline skating) to denote a competition held on a Vert ramp which allows the competitors to fly into the air and land back on the ramp. This time in the air allows the competitor to perform moves which would otherwise be impossible.
Vert Amande Vert Amande is a French flat racing horse winner of the Prix Maurice de Nieuil in 1992 and the The Air Mauritius / Beau Rivage International Jockeys Day in 2003. He is ridden by Dominique Boeuf and trained by Elie Lellouche, both Frenchmen.
Vertavillo, Palencia Vertavillo is a village and municipality of about 200 located in El Cerrato, in the province of Palencia, part of the autonomous community of Castile-Leon. It is located east of the provincial capital, Palencia.
Vertavo String Quartet The Vertavo String Quartet is a Norwegian string quartet, founded in Oslo in 1984. The four women forming the quartet are violinists Øyvor Volle and Berit Cardas, violist Henninge Landaas, and cellist Bjørg Værnes.
Vertebral anomalies Specific birth defects which can occur, but certainly are not limited to the following list,may include such vertebral anomalies as fused ribs, or missing vertebrae, particularly in the spinal region. Some patients that have fused ribs must undergo replacement of the ribs with titanium ribs, if their ribcages do not grow with the rest of the body.
Vertebral subluxation Vertebral subluxation is a chiropractic term that is used by chiropractors to describe a myriad of signs and symptoms thought to occur as a result of a misaligned or dysfunctional spinal segment. Since its conception by DD Palmer, the definition has undergone many refinements in an effort to describe the conditions that chiropractors treat.
Vertebral vein The vertebral vein is formed in the suboccipital triangle, from numerous small tributaries which spring from the internal vertebral venous plexuses and issue from the vertebral canal above the posterior arch of the atlas.
Vertebrane Vertebrane is a speculative technology first proposed by Marshall Brain in the book Manna. The technology consists of a computer system packaged as a replacement for one of the upper cervical vertebra in the human spine.
Vertebrate paleontology Vertebrate paleontology seeks to discover the behavior, reproduction and appearance of extinct spined animals, through the study of their fossilized remains. It also tries to connect, on the evolutionary timeline, the animals of the past and their modern day relatives.
Vertebrate Palaeontology (Benton) Vertebrate Paleontology is a basic textbook on vertebrate paleontology by Michael Benton, published by the Blackwell's. It is written in an easy and readable style, and has so far appeared in three editions (1990, 1997, 2004).
Vertebrate Paleontology (Romer) Vertebrate Paleontology is an advanced textbook on vertebrate paleontology by Alfred Sherwood Romer, published by the University of Chicago Press. It went through three editions (1933, 1945, 1966) and for many years constituted the definitive coverage of the subject.
Vertebroplasty Vertebroplasty is a medical procedure where bone cement is percutaneously injected into a fractured vertebra in order to stabilize it. The procedure it typically used for a spine fracture caused by osteoporosis, a disease that causes weakening of the bones and can lead to fractures in the vertebral bodies (those bones that make up the spinal column).
Verteporfin Verteporfin, otherwise known as benzoporphyrin derivative (trade name Visudyne®), is a medication used as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy to eliminate the abnormal blood vessels in the eye associated with conditions such as the wet form of macular degeneration. Verteporfin accumulates in these abnormal blood vessels and, when stimulated by nonthermal red light with a wavelength of 693 nm in the presence of oxygen, produces highly reactive short-lived singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen radicals, resulting in local damage to the endothelium and blockage of the vessels.
Vertex (band) Vertex was a band formed in 1995 featuring singer Stephen Pearcy from (Ratt, Arcade), guitarist Al Pitrelli(Savatage, Megadeth), and drummer Hiro Kuretani. Bassist Robbie Crane was a touring bassist for Vertex, but wasn't on the band's studio recordings.
Vertex configuration In polyhedral geometry a vertex configuration is a short-hand notation for representing a polyhedron vertex figure as the sequence of faces around a vertex. For uniform polyhedra there is only one vertex type and therefore the vertex configuration fully defines the polyhedron.
Vertex figure In geometry, a vertex figure represents the arrangement of a connected set of points of all the neighboring vertices, in a polytope to a given vertex. This applies equally well to infinite tilings, or space-filling tessellation with polytope cells.
Vertex function In quantum electrodynamics, the vertex function describes the coupling between a photon and an electron beyond the leading order of perturbation theory. In particular, it is the one particle irreducible correlation function involving the fermion ψ, the antifermion bar{psi}, and the vector potential A.
Vertex model A vertex model is a type of statistical mechanics model in which the Boltzmann weights are associated with a vertex in the model (representing an atom or particle). This contrasts with a nearest-neighbour model, such as the Ising model, in which the energy, and thus the Boltzmann weight of a statistical microstate is attributed to the bonds connecting two neighbouring particles.
Vertex normals In the geometry of computer graphics, a vertex normal at a vertex of a polyhedron is the normalized average of the surface normals of the faces that contain that vertex. The average can be weighted by the area of the face or it can be unweighted.
Vertex operator algebra In mathematics, a vertex operator algebra (VOA) is an algebraic structure that plays an important role in conformal field theory and related areas of physics. They have proven useful in purely mathematical contexts such as monstrous moonshine and the geometric Langlands correspondence.
Vertex pipeline The function of the vertex pipeline in any GPU is to take geometry data (usually supplied as vector points), work with it if needed with either fixed function processes (earlier DirectX), or a vertex shader program (later DirectX), and create all of the 3D data points in a scene to a 2D plane for display on a computer monitor.
Vertex-uniform In geometry, a polyhedron (or tiling) is vertex-uniform if all its vertices are the same, that is, if each vertex is surrounded by the same faces, in the same order. Technically, vertex-uniform means that for any two vertices there exists a symmetry of the polyhedron mapping the first isometrically onto the second.
Vertical An object is in a vertical position when it is aligned in an "up-down" direction, roughly speaking perpendicular to the horizon or horizontal. Even though the similar to the term "vertex" suggests that it has the same position value; but both ends are opposite.
Vertical (angles) A pair of angles are said to be vertical (US English) or opposite (British English) if they share the same vertex and are bounded by the same pair of lines but are opposite to each other. Such angles are vertical (congruent).
Vertical blank interrupt A vertical blank interrupt (or VBI) is a programming technique used in some systems, notably video games and consoles, to allow program code to be run in the periods when the display hardware is turned off, waiting for the TV to complete its vertical blank, which takes about 20 ÎĽs.
Vertical blanking interval The vertical blanking interval (VBI), also known as the vertical interval or VBLANK, is the time found between the last line of one frame or field and the beginning of the next. It is present in analog television, VGA, and DVI signals.
Vertical deflection The vertical deflections (deflections of the plumb line, astro-geodetic deflections) are important parameters of the local gravity field. They are widely used in geodesy, for surveying networks and for geophysical purposes.
Vertical disintegration Vertical Disintegration refers to a specific organizational form of industrial production. As opposed to integration, in which production occurs within a singular organization, vertical disintegration means that various diseconomies of scale or scope have broken a production process into separate companies, each performing a limited subset of activities required to create a finished product.
Vertical expansion Vertical expansion, in economics, is the growth of a business enterprise through the acquisition of companies that produce the intermediate goods needed by the business or help market and distribute its final goods. Such expansion is desired because it secures the supplies needed by the firm to produce its product and the market needed to sell the product.
Vertical farming Vertical farming is a conceptual form of agriculture done in urban high-rises. In these high-rises food such as fruit, vegetables, fish, and livestock can be raised by using greenhouse growing methods and recycled resources year-round, allowing cities of the future to become self-sufficient.
Vertical Forward Grip A Vertical Forward Grip (somewhat self-defining) is a vertical grip that is designed to attach to a firearm for the forward hand (or "off hand"). These aid in the maneuverability of the firearm, since the natural angle of a persons outstretched hand is more oriented to grasping objects at a vertical angle, rather than a horizontal one perpendicular to the body.
Vertical handoff Vertical handoff refers to a network node changing the type of connectivity it uses to access a supporting infrastructure, usually to support node mobility. For example, a suitably equipped laptop might be able to use both a high speed wireless LAN and a cellular technology for Internet access.
Vertical interval timecode Vertical Interval TimeCode (VITC, pronounced "vitsee" or sometimes "vits") is a form of SMPTE timecode embedded as a pair of black-and-white bars in a video signal. These lines are typically inserted into the vertical blanking interval of the video signal.
Vertical lift aircraft A vertical lift aircraft is any type of aircraft capable of rising and descending vertically during flight. It includes helicopters, V/STOL jets like the Hawker-Siddeley Harrier, and tiltrotor aircraft like the V-22 Osprey.
Vertical Limit Vertical Limit (2000) is an action movie/thriller directed by New Zealander Martin Campbell (Casino Royale, The Mask of Zorro) starring, among others, Chris O'Donnell, Bill Paxton, Robin Tunney and Scott Glenn. It narrates the attempted ascent of K2 by a group of alpinists, led by an ambitious billionaire.
Vertical market A vertical market, or niche market, is a group of similar businesses and customers which engage in trade based on specific and specialized needs. Often, participants in a vertical market are very limited to a subset of a larger industry.
Vertical market software Vertical market software is software aimed at addressing the needs of any given business within a discernable vertical market (specific industry or market). Horizontal market (generic application) software (such as word processors and spreadsheet programs) can be used in a cross-section of industries but vertical market software has the most dramatic effect upon the operations of businesses in vertical markets.
Vertical mobility Vertical mobility refers to a person or group's movement up or down a status hierarchy. This is commonly referred to as social mobility, yet vertical mobility can also refer to any movement up or down a hierarchy of any kind, not necessarily related to social status in the same way that social mobility is.
Vertical orientation Vertical orientation is a 3:4 aspect ratio, rotated 90 degrees from a NTSC television's standard 4:3 aspect ratio. It has been used primarily for arcade games (especially during the early 1980s) and for art projects, including a music video by The Shamen.
Vertical restraints Vertical restraints are agreements between firms or individuals at different levels of the production and distribution process. Vertical restraints are to be distinguished from so-called “horizontal restraints,” which are agreements between horizontal competitors.
Vertical search Vertical search, part of a larger subgrouping known as “specialized” search, is a relatively new tier in the Internet search industry consisting of search engines that focus on specific businesses. While Google, Yahoo!
Vertical service code A vertical service code or VSC is a special telephone number that usually begins with the * (star) key on the touch tone keypad. Most codes are two digits, although those starting with 2 or 3 are now usually three digits.
Vertical spread In options trading, a vertical spread is an options strategy involving buying and selling of multiple options of the same underlying security, same expiration date, but at different strike prices. They can be created with either all calls or all puts.
Vertical synchronization Vertical synchronization (v-sync) refers generally to the synchronization of an event with the vertical blanking interval. Generally video displays are refreshed sequentially and on older CRT based displays, a short delay is required between updating the lowest horizontal line of the display and returning to refresh the highest.
Vertical translation In function graphing, a vertical translation is a related graph which, for every point (x, y); has a y value which differs from another graph, by exactly some constant c. For example, the antiderivatives of a family are vertical translations of each other.
Vertical viola The vertical viola, or alto violin, is a stringed instrument with the range of a viola that is played vertically in the manner of a cello. It is the fourth-largest member of the violin octet (after the treble, soprano, and mezzo violins).
Vertical vowel system Vertical vowel system refers to a system of vowels in a language which uses just one vowel dimension to phonemically distinguish vowels. Theoretically, rounding, frontness and backness, and vowel height could be used in one-dimensional vowel systems; however, vertical refers specifically to the usage of vowel height as the sole distinguishing feature.
Vertice Vertice is the name of a International Conference held in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico yearly by the Faculty of Engineering of the UABC, about engineering, the 2006 edition was held from September 18 until September 20 featured 4 engineering themes:
Verticillatae Verticillatae is a descriptive botanical name which was used in the Wettstein system for an order of flowering plants. This order consisted of the family Casuarinaceae only, and thus corresponds to the order Casuarinales as used in the Engler, Cronquist and Kubitzki system.
Vertigo (UTS) Vertigo is a student magazine at the University of Technology, Sydney. Its name derives from the university's main building, which is a 28-storey brutal modernist tower block, and how the Vertigo Offices were originally at its summit; They now reside on Level 7.
Vertigo: Live from Chicago Vertigo 2005: Live from Chicago is a video release by rock band U2 from the first American leg of their Vertigo Tour. Recorded on May 9 and May 10, 2005 at the United Center on the band's featured stop in Chicago, Illinois, it was released November 15, 2005 on DVD.
VertigoXmedia VertigoXmedia is a developer of broadcast graphics automation software and real-time character generators. The company's products and services are used by many of the world’s leading broadcasters for live TV productions, such as live news, sporting events such as the Super Bowl, and special events such as elections.
Vertisol In both the FAO and USA soil taxonomy, a vertisol is a soil in which there is a high content of expansive clay known as montmorillonite that forms deep cracks in drier seasons or years. Alternate shrinking and swelling causes self-mulching, where the soil material consistently mixes itself, causing vertisols to have an extremely deep A horizon and no B horizon.
Vertou Vertou is a commune in the département of Loire-Atlantique and the Pays de la Loire region of France. It is a component of the metropolitan Urban Community of Nantes and is the fifth-largest suburb of the city of Nantes, lying just southeast of Nantes.
Vertu (collections) Vertu is a loosely defined category of objets d'art appealing to curiosity or to an interest in the Western classical era. Examples of vertu might include Greek and Roman antiquities, classical sculpture, or particularly fine science-related collections (eg.
Vertumnus In Roman mythology, Vertumnus (Vortumnus, Vertimnus) was the god of seasons, change" Vertumnus then, that turn'st the year about," (Thomas Nashe, Summer's Last Will and testament (1592, printed 1600). and plant growth, as well as gardens and fruit trees.
Vertumnus and Pomona (Pontormo) The fresco decoration of Vertumnus and Pomona in the Medici country villa at Poggio a Caiano (near Montalbano) is a masterpiece by Jacopo Pontormo. The villa is set among orchards and gardens, and served in summer as an outdoor respite to the heat in Florence.
Verul Verul was the name of the city now known as Ellora in present-day Maharashtra. It is the birthplace of Maloji Bhonsale founder of the house of Bhosale which became prominent in India during the days of the Maratha Empire.
Verulamium Verulamium was the third largest city in Roman Britain. It was sited to the south west of the modern city of St Albans in Hertfordshire, on what is now park and agricultural land, though parts have been built upon.
Verulamium Forum inscription The Verulamium Forum Inscription (dated to the reign of Titus, 79–81) is one of the many Roman Inscriptions of Britain, but it is special as it is the only one that is at least partly legible. It reads one of the following:
Verus (gladiator) Originally from Moesia, Verus was a slave who became a well-known gladiator during the reigns of the Emperors Vespasian and Titus in the latter part of the 1st century. His combat with his friend Priscus was the highlight of the opening day of the games conducted by Titus to inaugurate the Flavian Amphitheatre (later the Colosseum) in AD 80, and was recorded in a laudatory poem by Martial — the only detailed description of a gladiatorial fight that has survived to the present day.
Veruschka Vera von Lehndorff (born May 14, 1939 in Königsberg, East Prussia now known as Kaliningrad, Russia) is a German supermodel, actress, and artist popular during the 1960s. Better known simply as Veruschka or Veruschka von Lehndorff, she is also a daughter of Heinrich Graf von Lehndorff-Steinort, a member of German Resistance.
Veruska Ramirez Veruska (Veruzhka) Tatiana RamĂ­rez was crowned "Miss Venezuela Universe" in the Fall of 1997. After undergoing training from Venezuela's famed beauty school, she competed in the Miss Universe pageant.
Vervet Monkey The Vervet Monkey (Chlorocebus pygerythrus), or just simply Vervet, is an African Old World monkey species that is classified into the family Cercopithecidae. The term can also refer to all of the members of their genus, Chlorocebus.
Verwitterte Melodie Verwitterte Melodie, or Weather-beaten Melody, is a 1943 animated short, made in Nazi Germany. It was written mainly by cartoonist Hans Fischerkoesen, although the sole credits often went to Horst von Möllendorff It was animated by Jiri Brdecka] in [[Prague.
Very Bad Deaths Very Bad Deaths (Baen Books, 2004, ISBN 0-7434-8861-X), is a science-fiction/suspense-mystery novel from Canadian science fiction author Spider Robinson. The book, unlike most of his work, is not part of any of his ongoing series, but is a stand alone novel, much like Telempath.
Very Bad Things Very Bad Things is a 1998 black comedy feature film, directed by Peter Berg. It stars Jon Favreau, Cameron Diaz, and Jeremy Piven, with co-stars Daniel Stern, Christian Slater, Jeanne Tripplehorn, and writer/director Berg.
Very Fast Very Dangerous Very Fast Very Dangerous is the second album by British rock band Reuben, released little over a year after their debut. Song writing for this album begun as soon as the recording for its predecessor, Racecar Is Racecar Backwards had finished in September 2003.
Very high temperature reactor The Very High Temperature Reactor is a Generation IV reactor concept that uses a graphite-moderated nuclear reactor with a once-through uranium fuel cycle. This reactor design envisions an outlet temperature of 1,000°C.
Very large database A very large database, or VLDB, is a database that contains an extremely high number of tuples (database rows), or occupies an extremely large physical filesystem storage space. The most common definition of VLDB is a database that occupies more than 1 terabyte or contains several billion rows.
Very light jet A very light jet (VLJ), previously known as a microjet, is, by convention, a small jet aircraft approved for single-pilot operation with a maximum take-off weight of under 10,000 lb (4,540 kg). They are lighter than what is commonly termed business jets and typically seat between three and seven passengers plus one crew member.
Very low frequency Very low frequency or VLF refers to radio frequencies (RF) in the range of 3 to 30 kHz. Since there is not much bandwidth in this band of the radio spectrum, only the very simplest signals are used, such as for radionavigation.
Very Large Flexible Barge Very Large Flexible Barges (VLFBs), also known as Water Bags or Medusa Bags, are an idea for the transoceanic shipment of high quality drinking water, currently in prototype stage. VLFBs may also in future have a role as floating reservoirs.
Very Large Hadron Collider In particle physics, Very Large Hadron Collider (VLHC) is the usual name for a hypothetical future hadron collider with performance significantly beyond the Large Hadron Collider. Given that such a performance increase necessitates a correspondingly large increase in size and cost, it is unlikely that such a machine will be built for a number of decades at least.
Very Long Baseline Array The Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) is a system of ten radio telescopes controlled remotely from the Array Operations Center in Socorro, New Mexico (USA) by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. The array works together as the world's largest dedicated, full-time astronomical instrument using the technique of very long baseline interferometry.
Very Long Baseline Interferometry Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) is a type of astronomical interferometry used in radio astronomy, in which the data received at each antenna in the array are paired with timing information, usually from a local atomic clock, and then stored for later analysis on magnetic tape or hard disk. At that later time, the data are correlated with data from other antennas similarly recorded, to produce the resulting image.
Very minimum-shift keying VMSK, for Very Minimum Shift Keying modulation, is one of a number of digital modulation methods claimed to send high speed digital data through very low bandwidth (or narrowband) channels. A typical claim is a data rate of 6 Mbit/s in a bandwidth of 1 kHz or less using the same (or even less) transmitter power than conventional schemes.
Very small aperture terminal A Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT), is a 2-way satellite ground station with a dish antenna that is smaller than 3 meters. VSATs are most commonly used to transmit credit card or RFID data for point of sale transactions, and for the provision of Satellite Internet access to remote locations.
Very special episode Very special episode is an advertising term originally used in American television commercials to refer to an episode of a situation comedy or television drama that dealt with a serious and/or controversial social issue (often in a forced and/or awkward manner). Although the concept has been in existence for some time, the usage of the term peaked in the 1980s and early 1990s.
Very Short Introductions The Very Short Introductions series (or VSI series) is a book series published by the Oxford University Press publishing house. Each book in the series offers a concise yet cogent introduction to a particular subject.
Very Small Array The Very Small Array is a 14-element radio telescope operating between 26 and 36GHz that is used to study the cosmic microwave background radiation. It is an interferometer, with three different configurations - 'compact', 'extended' and 'super-extended', each of which differ in the separation distance between the elements.
Very Warm for May Very Warm for May opened at the Alvin Theatre on November 17, 1939 and was Jerome Kern's last score for Broadway before relocating to Hollywood and writing music for movies until his death in 1945. Kern was scheduled to return to Broadway to write music for Annie Get Your Gun, but died before work on the musical began.
Very-large-scale integration Very-large-scale integration (VLSI) is the process of creating integrated circuits by combining thousands of transistor-based circuits into a single chip. VLSI began in the 1970s when complex semiconductor and communication technologies were being developed.
Veryan Pappin Veryan Pappin (born May 19, 1958) is a former Scottish field hockey player, who was a member of the gold medal winning Great Britain and Northern Ireland squad at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. Four years earlier, at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, the goalkeeper from Scotland secured the bronze medal with his team.
Verysdale Verysdale is a part of medieval England which is mentioned in the early ballads of Robin Hood (especially the ballad A Gest of Robyn Hode, in which a friendly knight, Richard at the Lee, befriends the gallant outlaw and later is revealed as the lord or Earl of Verysdale). Verysdale may be entirely fictional, or it may be based upon a real county with some basis in geographical reality, or it may even have been a term used to refer to a real county.
Vesa 'Vesku' Jokinen Vesa 'Vesku' Jokinen is the lead singer in Finnish punkrock band Klamydia, which hails from Vaasa on the Finnish west coast. He has released at least one solo album called Outo Kunnia (translates to "Strange honor" in english).
Vesa Hakala Vesa Hakala is a former Finnish ski jumper who competed from 1986 to 1994. He won a silver medal in the team large hill at the 1991 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Val di Fiemme and finished 12th in the individual normal hill at the 1993 championships.
Vesa-Matti Loiri Vesa-Matti "Vesku" Loiri (born January 4 1945, Helsinki) is a Finnish actor, musician and comedian, who is best known for his role as Uuno Turhapuro, which he played in total of 20 movies between years 1973 and 2004.
Vesalius Andreas Vesalius (Brussels, December 31, 1514 - Zakynthos, October 15, 1564) was an anatomist,physician, and author of one of the most influential books on human anatomy, De humani corporis fabrica (On the Workings of the Human Body). Vesalius is often referred to as the founder of modern human anatomy.
Vesania Vesania is a Polish blackened death metal band. They were formed in 1997 with three members: Orion (guitars and vocals) (Behemoth, Neolithic), Daray (drums) (Vader, Neolithic, Pyorrhoea), and Heinrich (bass) (Rootwater).
Vesdre The Vesdre (-French, in German: Weser) is a river in eastern Belgium, in the province of Liège, and is a right tributary to the river Ourthe. Its source is in the Hautes Fagnes, close to the border with Germany near Monschau.
Veselin Šljivančanin Veselin Šljivančanin (born June 13, 1953 in Pavez, the municipality of Žabljak, Montenegro, Yugoslavia) is a former officer of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA). As a major of JNA, he has taken part in the battle of Vukovar which was fought from the end of August until 18 November 1991.
Veselin Topalov Veselin Topalov (; ) (born 15 March 1975) is a Bulgarian chess grandmaster and former FIDE world champion. In the January 2007 FIDE rating list, he is ranked number one in the world with an Elo rating of 2783.

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