Encyclopedia

Web accessibility Web accessibility refers to the practice of making Web pages accessible to people using a wide range of user agent software and devices, not just standard Web browsers. This is especially important for people with disabilities such as visual impairment.
Web analytics Web analytics is the measurement of the behaviour of visitors to a website. In a commercial context, it especially refers to the measurement of which aspects of the website work towards the business objectives; for example, which landing pages encourage people to make a purchase.
Web annotation A Web annotation is an online-annotation associated with a web resource (typically a web page). By using a Web annotation system a user can add, modify or remove information from a Web resource without actually modifying the resource itself.
Web application framework A web application framework is a set of software tools and libraries to make it easier to create web applications. They typically provide functionality such as database access, templating and session management.
Web archiving Web archiving is the process of collecting the Web or particular portions of the Web and ensuring the collection is preserved in an archive, such as an archive site, for future researchers, historians, and the public. Due to the massive size of the Web, web archivists typically employ web crawlers for automated collection.
Web Accessibility Initiative The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)'s Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) is an effort to improve the accessibility of the World Wide Web (WWW or Web) for people using a wide range of user agent devices, not just standard web browsers. This is especially important for people with physical disabilities which require such devices to access the Web.
Web Application Structure for PHP Web Application Structure for PHP aka WASP is a free package or "framework" of software running with PHP version 5 that allows developers to code systems in a more traditional "enterprise" three-tier model (like Web Logic Server aka WLS) rather than PHP's more usual script-style, code-hacking approach.
Web browser A web browser is a software application that enables a user to display and interact with text, images, and other information typically located on a web page at a website on the World Wide Web or a local area network. Text and images on a web page can contain hyperlinks to other web pages at the same or different website.
Web Browser for S60 In November 2005 Nokia launched the Web Browser for S60, based on the WebCore and JavaScriptCore components of Apple Inc.’s Safari WebKit, an open source software full Web rendering engine that Apple uses in its Safari Web browser.
Web community A web community is similar to a virtual community, the major difference being that these are invitation-only communities designed to facilitate customer-derived innovations for a company’s products or services. Web communities have resulted from the emergence of Web 2.
Web conferencing Web conferencing is used to hold group meetings or live presentations over the Internet. In the early years of the Internet, the terms "web conferencing" and "computer conferencing" were often used to refer to group discussions conducted within a message board (via posted text messages), but the term has evolved to refer specifically to "live" or "synchronous" meetings, while the posted message variety of discussion is called a "forum", "message board", or "bulletin board".
Web container In Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition, a web container "implements the web component contract of the J2EE architecture" This contract specifies a runtime environment] for web components that includes [[Computer security|security, concurrency, life-cycle management, transaction, deployment, and other services. A web container provides the same services as a JSP container as well as a federated view of the J2EE platform APIs.
Web content development Content development is the process of researching, writing, gathering, organizing, and editing information for publication on web sites. Web site content may consist of prose, graphics, pictures, recordings, movies or other media assets that could be distributed by a hypertext transfer protocol server, and viewed by a web browser.
Web counter A web counter or hit counter is a computer software program that indicates the number of visitors, or hits, a particular webpage has received. Once set up, these counters will be incremented by one every time the web page is accessed in a web browser.
Web crawler A web crawler (also known as a Web spider or Web robot) is a program or automated script which browses the World Wide Web in a methodical, automated manner. Other less frequently used names for Web crawlers are ants, automatic indexers, bots, and worms (Kobayashi and Takeda, 2000).
Web Callback Web Callback is a technology where a person can enter his or her telephone number in a form on a web site. The company who owns that web site will then receive the Web Callback request and a call center agent will call the person who made the request back on the number they entered.
Web Community Resource Networks Formerly Nirv Centre, and also know as "Web Networks" or simply "Web", Web Community Resource Networks is a Canadian non-profit organization founded in 1987 to assist socially minded individuals and organization use Internet tools to support their mission. Web Networks was a founding member of the Association for Progressive Communication.
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) are part of a series of Web accessibility guidelines published by the W3C's Web Accessibility Initiative. They consist of a set of guidelines on making content accessible, primarily for disabled users, but also for all user agents, including highly limited devices, such as mobile phones.
Web design program A Web design program is a computer program used to create, edit, and update web pages and websites. The purpose of such a program is to make it easier for the designer to work with page and site elements through a graphical user interface that displays the desired results, typically in a WYSIWYG manner, while removing the need for the designer to have to work with the actual code that produces those results (which includes HTML or XHTML, CSS, JavaScript, and others).
Web desktop A web desktop or webtop is a network application system for integrating web applications into a web based work space. It is a virtual desktop on the web, running in a web browser as software as a service or offline like normal software.
Web developer A web developer is a software developer or software engineer who is specifically engaged in the development of World Wide Web applications, or distributed network applications that are run over the HTTP protocol using an HTTP server, a web server, and an HTTP client, a web browser. Web developers can be webmasters who handle website administration and web design as well as web application development or can simply be web application developers.
Web development Web development is a broad term that incorporates all areas of developing a Web site for the World Wide Web. This can include graphical Web design, actual coding of pages, backend programming, and Web server configuration.
Web engineering The World Wide Web has become a major delivery platform for a variety of complex and sophisticated enterprise applications in several domains. In addition to their inherent multifaceted functionality, these Web applications exhibit complex behavior and place some unique demands on their usability, performance, security and ability to grow and evolve.
Web experiment list A Web experiment list provides links to currently-active web experiments, many of them put together by research psychologists. Most of these are educational and enjoyable to complete and only take a few minutes.
Web Experimental Psychology Lab The Web Experimental Psychology Lab is a Web site to participate in Web experiments, a method used in experimental psychology. The Web Experimental Psychology Lab was founded in 1995, by Ulf-Dietrich Reips at the University of TĂĽbingen, and is now at the University of ZĂĽrich.
Web film A web film is a film made with the medium of the Internet and its distribution constraints in mind. This term aims to differentiate content made for the Internet from content made for other mediums, such as cinema or television, that has been converted into a World Wide Web-compatible format.
Web frame In cabinet making, a web frame is the term for the internal structural frame of a cabinet which provides the support for drawers. The web frame forms a divider between drawers and provides a mounting point for the drawer runners.
Web Feature Service The OpenGIS Web Feature Service Interface Standard (WFS) is an interface allowing requests for geographical features across the web using platform-independent calls. Geographical features can be thought of as the 'source code' behind a map, where as the WMS interface or online mapping portals like Google Maps return only an image, which can not be edited or spatially analyzed.
Web Feed Server Web Feed Server, also known as an RSS Server, enables the distribution, management, reading and tracking of internal and external RSS, ATOM and XML web feeds behind an organization's firewall. Using a web feed server, IT administrators can create users and groups and define subscriptions for each.
Web help Web help is a type of online help delivered through the Internet. Simple web help may consist of a series of main pages, while more sophisticated web help solutions feature a frameset sidebar that provides a table of contents and occasionally search capability, emulating local help resources such as HTML Help.
Web hosting service A web hosting service is a type of Internet hosting service that allows individuals and organizations to provide their own websites accessible via the World Wide Web. Web hosts are companies that provide space on a server they own for use by their clients as well as providing Internet connectivity, typically in a data center.
Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group The Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG) is a working group for developing new technologies designed to allow authors to write and deploy web applications more easily by extending the existing technologies. In contrast with the vendor-neutral World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) headed by Tim Berners-Lee, the WHATWG is vendor-driven, with the greatest contributors being Google, Mozilla Foundation, Opera Software and Apple Computer.
Web chat site Web chat sites are websites that allow users to communicate in real time using easily accessible web interfaces. They are types of internet chat rooms distinguished by their simplicity and accessibility to users who do not wish to take the time to install and learn to use specialized chat software.
Web indexing Web indexing (or "Internet indexing") includes back-of-book-style indexes to individual websites or an intranet, and the creation of keyword metadata to provide a more useful vocabulary for Internet or onsite search engines. With the increase in the number of periodicals that have articles online, web indexing is also becoming important for periodical websites.
Web Interoperability Web Interoperability means producing web pages viewable in standard compatible web browsers, various operating systems such as Windows, Macintosh and Linux and devices such as PC, PDA and mobile phone based on the latest web standards.
Web jockey A web jockey (also called WJ or dubjay or webjay or webjock) is a term for an "on web" host or talent who selects and presents prerecorded media for a targeted audience. Analogous to a "disc jockey" for radio or a "video jockey" on television, a Web Jockey is a live personality on the internet entertaining, guiding and interacting with viewers through a show, presentation, videocast or webcast.
Web Journal on Cultural Patrimony The Web Journal on Cultural Patrimony (ISSN number 1827-8868) is the 1st multi-disciplinary and academic journal, focusing on the safeguard, conservation, valorization, and study of international material as well as immaterial, cultural heritage.
Web Junk 20 Web Junk 20 is a 2006 program in which VH1 and iFilm collaborate to highlight the twenty funniest and most interesting clips collected from the Internet that week. The show is now hosted by comedian Jim Breuer.
Web log analysis software Web log analysis software (also called a web log analyzer) is software that parses a log file from a web server (like Apache), and based on the values contained in the log file, derives indicators about who, when and how a web server is visited.
Web Language HP's Web Language is a scripting language for automating tasks on the World-Wide Web. It is an imperative, interpreted language that has built-in support for common web protocols like HTTP and FTP, and popular data types like HTML and XML.
Web mapping Web mapping is the process of designing, implementing, generating and delivering maps on the World Wide Web. While web mapping primarily deals with technological issues, web cartography additionally studies theoretic aspects: the use of web maps, the evaluation and optimization of techniques and workflows, the usability of web maps, social aspects, and more.
Web mining Web mining is the application of data mining techniques to discover patterns from the Web. According to analysis targets, web mining can be divided into three different types, which are Web usage mining, Web content mining and Web structure mining.
Web modeling Web modeling (aka model-driven Web development) is a branch of Web engineering which addresses the specific issues related to design and development of large-scale Web applications. In particular, it focuses on the design notations and visual languages that can be used for the realization of robust, well-structured, usable and maintainable Web applications.
Web module A Web module is a deployable unit that consists of one or more web components, other resources, and a web application deployment descriptor. The web module is contained in a hierarchy of directories and files in a standard web application format.
Web Map Service An OGC Web Map Service (WMS) produces maps of spatially referenced data dynamically from geographic information. This international standard defines a "map" to be a portrayal of geographic information as a digital image file suitable for display on a computer screen.
Web notes Web notes are a type of United States currency named after the "web offset" method of printing on continuous rolls of paper. Between 1992 and 1996, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing experimented to see if a web press that used continuous rolls of paper was quicker and cheaper than intaglio printing, which used flat sheets.
Web of Science Web of Science is an online academic database provided by Thomson Scientific. It provides access to Science Citation Index (SCI), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Arts & Humanities Citation Index and many other resources.
Web of Spider-Man Web of Spider-Man is the name of a comic book series starring Spider-Man published by Marvel Comics for 129 issues between 1985 and 1995. It replaced Marvel Team-Up as the third major Spider-Man title of the time.
Web of trust In cryptography, a web of trust is a concept used in PGP, GnuPG, and other OpenPGP-compatible systems to establish the authenticity of the binding between a public key and a user. It is, in some respects, an alternative to centralized public key infrastructure (PKI) reliance exclusively on a certificate authority (or a hierarchy of such).
Web operating system In metacomputing, WebOS and Web operating system are terms that describe network services for internet scale distributed computing, as in the WebOS Project at UC Berkeley , and the WOS Project . In both cases the scale of the web operating system extends across the internet, like the web.
Web portal A Web portal is a site on the World Wide Web that typically provides personalized capabilities to its visitors, providing a pathway to other content. It is designed to use distributed applications, different numbers and types of middleware and hardware to provide services from a number of different sources.
Web Proxy Autodiscovery Protocol The Web Proxy Autodiscovery Protocol (WPAD), is a method used in the Microsoft Internet Explorer web browser to automatically locate a proxy auto-config file and use this to configure the browser's web proxy settings.
Web science Web Science Research Initiative (WSRI) is a joint effort of MIT and University of Southampton to bridge and formalize the social and technical aspects of collaborative applications running on large-scale networks like the web. It was announced on November 2, 2006 in MIT.
Web scraping Web scraping is defined as a web crawler that copies content from one or more existing websites in order to generate a scraper site. The result can range from fair use snippets of text to plagiarised content pages solely for the purpose of earning revenue through advertising.
Web service The W3C defines a Web serviceMany sources also capitalize the second word, as in Web Services as a software system designed to support interoperable Machine to Machine interaction over a network. Web services are frequently just application programming interfaces (API) that can be accessed over a network, such as the Internet, and executed on a remote system hosting the requested services.
Web services protocol stack The Web service protocol stack is a collection of computer networking protocols that are used to define, locate, implement, and make Web services interact with each other. The Web service protocol stack is mainly comprised of four areas:
Web standards Web standards is a general term for the formal standards and other technical specifications that define and describe aspects of the World Wide Web. In recent years, the term has been more frequently associated with the web standards movement: a growing trend of endorsement of a set of standardized best practices for building web sites, and a broader philosophy of web design and development that includes those methods.
Web syndication A web feed is the most usual kind of web syndication. For the basics of what web feeds are, benefits and how to use them, read the web feed definition; otherwise see below for more details about web syndication.
Web Service Level Agreement Web Service Level Agreement (or WSLA) is a standard for SLA compliance monitoring of Web Services. It allows authors to specify the performance metrics associated with a web service application, desired performance targets, and actions that should be performed when performance is not met.
Web Services Discovery After Web services are created and published in Web services registries such as UDDI or Web Services Inspection Language (WSIL) documents, the service users or consumers need to search Web services manually or automatically. The implementation of UDDI servers and WSIL engines should provide simple search APIs or web-based GUI to help find Web services.
Web Services Dynamic Discovery Web Services Dynamic Discovery (WS-Discovery) is a technical specification that defines a multicast discovery protocol to locate services on a local network. The WS-Discovery standard was developed by BEA Systems, Canon, Intel, Microsoft, and webMethods inc..
Web Services Endpoint Language Web Services Endpoint Language (WSEL) was an XML format proposed by IBM for the description of non-operational characteristics of service endpoints, such as quality-of-service, cost, or security properties. It never gained wide acceptance.
Web Services Inspection Language WS-Inspection is a web service specification for "discovery documents" developed in a joint effort by Microsoft and IBM. WS-Inspection lists groups of web services and their endpoints in an XML format.
Web Services Interoperability Technology Web Services Interoperability Technology (WSIT) is an open-source project started by Sun Microsystems to develop the next-generation of web service technologies. It consists of Java programming language APIs that allow developers to create web service clients and services that interoperate between the Java platform and Microsoft's Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) and .
Web Services Invocation Framework The Web Services Invocation Framework (WSIF) supports a simple Java API for invoking Web services, no matter how or where the services are provided. The framework allows maximum flexibility for the invocation of any WSDL-described service.
Web template system A Web template system describes the software and methodologies used to produce web pages and web documents for deployment on websites and delivery over the internet. Such systems process web templates, using a template engine.
Web template system (formalism) This article details some of the formalism behind the Web template system and Template system articles, for the benefit of readers who desire a more rigorous treatment of the material than is accessible to a general audience.
Web to Print Web-to-print, also known as Web2Print or remote publishing , is a commercial prepress process that allows a print house, a client, and possibly a graphic designer to create, edit, and approve computer-based online templates during the prepress phase. This process increasingly calls for a Portable Document Format (PDF) workflow environment with output provided by digital printing.
Web widget Web Widget is a portable chunk of code that can be installed and executed within any separate HTML-based web page by an end user without requiring additional compilation. They are akin to plugins or extensions in desktop applications.
Web Woman Web Woman was a fictional character, a cartoon superheroine featured on the 1978-1980 television series Tarzan and the Super 7, by Filmation. Her introduction is rumored to have prompted Marvel Comics to introduce a character called Spider-Woman to secure intellectual property rights to the name.
Web-based email The word Webmail refers to the implementation of an e-mail client as a Web application that allows users to access their e-mail through a Web browser, as an alternative to using a desktop based e-mail client such as Microsoft Outlook, Mozilla Thunderbird or Eudora.
Web-based training Web-based training (WBT) is a type of training that is similar to computer-based training (CBT); however, it is delivered over the Internet using a web browser. Web-based training frequently includes interactive methods, such as bulletin boards, chat rooms, instant messaging, videoconferencing, and discussion threads.
Web-Based Enterprise Management Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM) is a set of systems management technologies developed to unify the management of distributed computing environments. WBEM is based on Internet standards and DMTF open standards: CIM infrastructure and schema, CIM-XML, CIM operations over HTTP, WS-Management.
Web-cramming Web-cramming is most often accomplished when criminals develop new web pages for small businesses and non-profit groups for little or no expense. While advertising their service as free, these criminals actually engage in unauthorized phone charges on their victim's accounts.
Web3D Consortium The Web3D Consortium is a not-for-profit, member-funded industry consortium whose purpose is to define and develop the X3D royalty-free open standards file format and run-time architecture to represent and communicate 3D scenes.
Webattacker Webattacker is a do-it-yourself malware creation kit that includes scripts that simplify the task of infecting computers and spam-sending techniques to lure victims to specially rigged Websites. It was allegedly created by a group of Russian programmers.
Webaward The international WebAwards competition sets the standard of excellence in 96 industry categories by evaluating websites and defining benchmarks based on the seven essential criteria of successful website development. The goal of the Web Marketing Association, sponsor of the WebAwards, is to provide a forum to recognize the people and organizations responsible for developing some of the most effective websites on the Internet today.
Webb (crater) Webb is a small lunar impact crater that is located near the eastern edge of the Mare Fecunditatis, in the eastern part of the Moon near the equator. It is to the north of the prominent Langrenus crater, and west of Maclaurin crater.
Webb Air Force Base Webb Air Force Base was a United States Air Force facility that operated from 1951 to 1977 in west Texas near Big Spring. It was a major training facility, and by 1969 almost 9,000 pilots had been trained at Webb.
Webb Ellis Cup The Webb Ellis Cup, also referred to as the "Webb Ellis Trophy", is the main prize of the Rugby World Cup. The trophy is named after William Webb Ellis, who was named by the RFU as the inventor of Rugby football.
Webb Institute The Webb Institute is a specialized private college in Glen Cove, New York that has only one program, which is undergraduate. Each graduate of Webb Institute earns a Bachelor of Science degree in naval architecture and marine engineering.
Webb Memorial State Park Webb Memorial State Park is a Massachusetts state park located on a peninsular that extends nearly half a mile into the Hingham Bay area of Boston Harbor. It is composed of three connected drumlins and a low marsh area.
Webb School of Knoxville Webb School of Knoxville was founded in 1955 in Knoxville, Tennessee by Robert Webb, grandson of Webb School of Bell Buckle founder Sawney Webb. The first two school years were held in the basement of Sequoyah Hills Presbetyrian Church, though the school was not intended to be a Parochial school, but rather Mr.
Webb-Haney Act The Webb-Haney Act, also known as the Alien Land Law, was a California statute passed in 1913. It stripped "all aliens ineligible for citizenship" (which included all Asians except Filipinos, who were subjects of U.
Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art The Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art in London was a drama school in the UK which offers comprehensive training for those intending to pursue a professional career. It has been absorbed by the Central School of Speech and Drama.
Webber-Camden, Minneapolis The Webber-Camden neighborhood is located in the Camden community of Minneapolis, Minnesota. Its boundaries are Penn and Newton Avenues to the west, the Canadian Pacific Railway tracks to the north, Interstate 94 to the east, and Dowling Avenue to the south.
Webbing Webbing is a strong fabric woven as a flat strip or tube of varying width and fibers often used in place of rope. It is a versatile component used in climbing, furniture manufacturing, automobile safety, auto racing, towing, parachuting, military apparel, and many other fields.
WebbIE WebbIE is a freeware web browser designed for screen reader users. It re-presents web pages as text with a caret, allowing users to use their existing screen reader or assistive technology to read it, but is not self-voicing, unlike (for example) Home Page Reader.
Webcam A web camera (or webcam, real camera) is a real-time camera (usually, though not always, a video camera) whose images can be accessed using the World Wide Web, instant messaging, or a PC video calling application.
Webcamming Webcamming exploits the webcams, World Wide Web and Internet in order to broadcast images (sounds sometimes included). Because of its inexpensive form, such braodcasting introduces the homecam phenomenon began in 1996.
Webcomic Webcomics, also known as online comics and web comics, are comics that are available on the Internet. Many are exclusively published online, while some are published in print but maintain a web archive for either commercial or artistic reasons.
Webcomics Nation Webcomics Nation is a webcomic hosting and automation service launched on July 29, 2005 by Joey Manley, publisher of the subscription webcomic site Modern Tales. It is a service designed for online cartoonists.
Webcor Builders Webcor Builders is the largest commercial construction contractor in San Francisco, USA. The company is headquartered in San Mateo with offices in San Francisco, Hayward, Los Angeles, San Diego and Anaheim, and clients include Starwood Lodging, Lucasfilm, Oracle Corporation, The California Academy of Sciences and Electronic Arts.
Webctrl WebCTRL is a Browser-based building automation system manufactured by Automated Logic Corporation. Through WebCTRL, users can fully access their buildings' schedules, setpoints, trends, alarms, and other control functions from virtually any computer, anywhere in the world.
WebCite WebCite is a free non-profit tool supported by a consortium of publishers and editors, designed for scholarly authors to cite webpages which have previously been archived by WebCite, thereby preventing linkrot. The purpose of the tool is to allow future readers to retrieve what had been cited by the author in the past, which is especially important in the academic context.
WebCore WebCore is a framework developed by Apple, and licensed under the LGPL, to provide an HTML layout engine for Mac OS X. It is one of the two primary components of the WebKit framework (the other being JavaScriptCore).
WebCT WebCT (Web Course Tools) is an online proprietary virtual learning environment system which is sold to colleges and other institutions and is used extensively in many campuses for e-learning. Instructors can add to their WebCT courses tools such as discussion boards, mail systems and live chat, along with content such as documents and web pages.
Webdrive WebDrive is a Virtual Drive mapping application developed by South River Technologies that will associate a drive letter on a Windows PC with a remote FTP, FTPS, SFTP, WebDAV, or GroupDrive server. Once the drive letter has been mapped to the remote server, remote files can be accessed or modified directly using any standard Windows application.
Webel Informatics Limited Webel Informatics Limited (WIL) is a wholly owned subsidiary of West Bengal Electronics Industry Development Corporation Limited (WEBEL), the government agency responsible for technology development in West Bengal. WIL's mission is to upgrade the level of computer literacy in West Bengal, and it produces around 6,000 professionals every year.
Webel Mediatronics Limited Webel Mediatronics Limited (WML) is a profit-making subsidiary of WEBEL, and is engaged in the development, manufacturing, and turnkey project execution in the areas of studio and broadcasting systems, industrial electronics, information technology applications, and various systems for the disabled. Based in West Bengal, India, it has in the last 10 years developed and comercialized a host of systems for visually impaired, cerebral palsy-affected, hearing handicapped, and autistic persons.

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