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Zhang Zhidong



Zhang Zhidong (Chinese:张之洞; Wade-Giles: Chang Chih-tung; Courtesy Xiàodá 孝达; Pseudonyms: Xiāngtāo 香涛, Xiāngyán 香岩, Yīgōng 壹公, Wújìng-Jūshì 无竞居士, later Bàobīng 抱冰; Posthumous name: Wénxiāng 文襄) (1837—1909) was an eminent Chinese politician during the late Qing Dynasty who advocated for controlled reform. Along with Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang and Zuo Zongtang, he was one of the "Four Famous Officials of the Late Qing" (四大名臣).



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